Mlingo wa glycemia ndi imodzi mwazofunikira pakuwunika njira ya metabolic m'thupi la munthu, chizindikirochi chimangodalira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Popeza glucose ndiye gwero lalikulu lamphamvu, ndikofunikira kuti zinthuzi zizikhala zopanda malire.
Njira yopangira mphamvu zamagetsi ndi yovuta kwambiri, glucose woyamba amalowa m'magazi ndi chakudya, kapamba yemwe amapanga insulini amakhala yankho pakuwonjezeka kwa shuga. Ndiye timadzi tomwe timayambitsa matenda a glycemia.
Insulin imathandizira kukulitsa kuchuluka kwa ziphuphuzoza zam'mimba zomwe ma glucose amalowa m'magazi. Glucose owonjezera amasinthidwa kukhala triglycerides, glycogen posungira mphamvu.
Selo iliyonse m'thupi imadalira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa shuga nthawi zonse. Muyenera kudziwa kuti glycemia imangokulira chakudya chikangotha, pamene chakudya cham'mimba chambiri komanso ma polysaccharides amawonongeka. Kuti shuga asakuchulukire, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito pang'onopang'ono chakudya, chomwe chimakhala ndi index yotsika ya glycemic.
Mitengo ya glucose ikhoza kukhala yosiyanasiyana:
- ndi kuwonjezeka kwa kutentha kwa thupi;
- kulimbitsa thupi kwambiri;
- pamavuto.
Njira zina zimathandizira kukhazikitsa shuga m'magazi: gluconeogenesis, glycogenolysis. Loyamba limaphatikizapo kupanga glucose kuchokera ku mankhwala okhala ndi organic, lachiwiri limakhudzana ndikupanga kwake kuchokera ku glycogen, yomwe imapezeka m'mafupa a chiwindi.
Kuwongolera matenda a shuga
Kuyang'anira glycemia ndikofunikira kuti muzindikire nthawi yake komanso kuwongolera kwambiri matenda ashuga. Pakadali pano, pali njira ziwiri zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pofuna kudziwa mayendedwe a magazi: kuyesa kwa glucose, kuyesa kwa glucose.
Magazi kuti aphunzire kuchuluka kwa glycemic amachokera kwa chala, asanawunike, wodwalayo sayenera kudya chakudya kwa maola osachepera 8.
Kuyesedwa kwa shuga kumapangitsa wodwala kudya moyenera. Phunziroli limachitika pamimba yopanda kanthu, onetsetsani kuti mwatha kusala kudya kwa maola 10, kusiya kusuta, kumwa mowa.
Madokotala amaletsa kuchita kafukufuku ngati wodwala matenda ashuga ali pampanipani wa thupi, izi zitha kukhala:
- hypothermia;
- kuchuluka kwa matenda a chiwindi;
- nthawi yobereka;
- njira zopatsirana.
Pamaso kusanthula, zikuwonetsedwa kuti mankhwala omwe amatha kuthana ndi shuga m'magazi amasonyezedwa: mahomoni, okodzetsa, antidepressants, njira zakulera, psychotropic zinthu.
Kuphatikiza pa njira zovomerezeka za labotale zowunika ma glycemia, zida zosunthira zamagazi kunja kwa chipatala zingagwiritsidwe ntchito.
Kuwongolera shuga
Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga ayenera kudziwa momwe angawongolere magazi awo popanda kusiya nyumba. Pazifukwa izi, tikulimbikitsidwa kugula chipangizo chapadera - glucometer. Zotsatira zomwe zapezeka pogwiritsa ntchito chipangizochi ndizodalirika.
Ndi glycemia yokhazikika, kuwongolera shuga mu mtundu 2 wa shuga sikungakhale kokhwima, koma kuwunika pafupipafupi kuchuluka kwa shuga sikungapeweke ndi matenda oyamba, kuwonongeka kwa impso chifukwa cha matenda ashuga. Komanso, kuwongolera kwa glucose kumasonyezedwa kwa amayi apakati omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga, glycemia wosakhazikika.
Mamita amakono a glucose amakono amatha kugwira ntchito ndi magazi ochepa, ali ndi diary yomangidwa momwe miyeso yonse ya shuga imalembedwera. Nthawi zambiri, kuti mupeze zotsatira zolondola, dontho limodzi lamwazi ndilokwanira, mutha kuwongolera shuga lamwazi nthawi iliyonse masana kapena kulikonse.
Komabe, muyezo wa glycemia kuchipatala ndizothandiza kwambiri. Kuchuluka kwa shuga kumawoneka koyenera ngati kumasinthasintha pakati:
- kuyambira 3,3 mpaka 5.5 mmol / lita (kwa magazi a capillary);
- kuyambira 4.4 mpaka 6.6 mmol / lita (m'magazi a venous).
Manambala akakwera kapena otsika kwambiri, tikulankhula za hypoglycemia kapena hyperglycemia, zoterezi ndizowopsa paumoyo waanthu, zimatha kukhumudwitsa, kutaya chikumbumtima komanso zovuta zina.
Munthu amene alibe matenda ashuga nthawi zambiri samakhala ndi mavuto ena a shuga. Izi zikufotokozedwa ndi kuphulika kwa glycogen mu chiwindi, madipoziti mafuta ndi minofu yamafupa.
Shuga imatha kuchepa ngati munthu amakhala ndi njala kwanthawi yayitali, kufooka kwodziwikiratu kwa thupi, Zizindikiro zake zimakhala: kufooka kwambiri kwa minofu, kuletsa mayendedwe a psychomotor.
Hyperglycemia ndi hypoglycemia
Hyperglycemia iyenera kumvedwa ngati kuwonjezeka kwa glycemia, mkhalidwewu umapezeka pamene zotsatira za kusanthula zikuwonetsa ziwerengero pamtunda wa 6.6 mmol / lita. Pankhani ya hyperglycemia, amasonyezedwa kuyendetsa magazi mobwerezabwereza, kuwunika kumabwerezedwa kangapo mkati mwa sabata. Ngati zizindikiro zowonjezereka zikapezekanso, adokotala azikayikira matenda ashuga.
Manambala omwe akukhala kuyambira 6,6 mpaka 11 mmol / lita akuwonetsa kuphwanya kwa chakudya cha thupi, chifukwa chake, kuyesa kwina kwa glucose kuyenera kuchitidwa. Ngati kafukufukuyu akuwonetsa shuga kuposa mfundo 11, munthuyo ali ndi matenda a shuga.
Wodwalayo amatchulidwa kuti azikhala ndi chakudya chokhazikika, chifukwa chogwira ntchito, mankhwalawa amalimbikitsidwa kuti achulukitse glycemia. Chithandizo chofananacho ndicholimbitsa thupi.
Chofunikira chachikulu kwa odwala matenda ashuga kuti azilamulira shuga wawo mosavuta ndi njira yoyenera, yomwe imaphatikizapo zakudya zosafunikira, pafupipafupi. Ndikofunika kupatula kwathunthu zakudya muzakudya:
- yokhala ndi index yayikulu ya glycemic;
- chakudya chambiri.
Amawonetsedwa kuchotsa zopangidwa ndi ufa monga momwe kungathekere, kuzisintha ndi mkate ndi chinangwa.
Hypoglycemia ndiye mkhalidwe wotsutsana, pamene shuga ya m'magazi imatsika mpaka kukhala m'magawo ovuta. Ngati munthu ali wathanzi, nthawi zambiri samamva kuchepa kwa glycemia, koma odwala matenda ashuga, m'malo mwake, amafunikira chithandizo.
Zomwe zimayambitsa shuga wochepetsedwa zimatha kukhala: kusowa kwa chakudya chamagulu, matenda amtundu wa 2 shuga, kusowa bwino kwa mphamvu ya m'thupi, kusachita masewera olimbitsa thupi mokwanira.
Komanso, mlingo waukulu wa mowa ungapangitse kuchepa kwa shuga m'magazi.
Momwe mungasungire shuga wabwinobwino
Yankho lolondola kwambiri la kuthana ndi glycemic ndikukhazikika kwa chakudya, popeza shuga amalowa m'thupi kuchokera ku chakudya. Ndikokwanira kutsatira malamulo ena omwe samathandiza kuti asasokoneze kagayidwe.
Ndikofunika kudya sardine, nsomba, nsomba zotere zimakhudza metabolism chifukwa cha kupezeka kwamafuta acids. Kuti muchepetse mawonetseredwe a shuga amathandiza tomato, zitsamba, maapulo. Ngati munthu amakonda kudya maswiti, ndibwino kusankha chokoleti chakuda chachilengedwe.Uthalemba mndandanda wazakudya zotere pafoni, izi zikuthandizani kusankha zoyenera.
Pogwiritsa ntchito CHIKWANGWANI, kusintha kwa kagayidwe kabwino kazotheka kumatha kuchitika, potero kuchepetsa mwayi wa kusintha kwa glycemia.
Kuchita zolimbitsa thupi mwatsatanetsatane kumathandizira kutsindikiza kwa glycemia zizindikiro osachepera:
- osiyanasiyana olimbitsa kudya glycogen bwino;
- shuga, yomwe imabwera ndi chakudya, sikukula shuga.
Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti shuga imakhudzanso moyo wina. Ngati mutsatira malangizowo, khalani ndi moyo wathanzi ndikuwongolera shuga, wodwalayo samadwala matenda oyanjana ndipo samamva kwenikweni zomwe zimayambitsa matenda ashuga. Kupewa kwina kungathandizire kupewa kutaya kwamaso mashuga.
Kanemayo munkhaniyi akupereka zambiri zokhudzana ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.
