Zomwe glycated hemoglobin m'magazi zimawonetsa

Monga mukudziwa, ndi matenda ashuga, chizindikiro chachikulu cha matendawa ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Zizindikiro za glucose ndichikhalidwe, kuopsa kwa njira ya kutengera kwa m'matumbo kumadalira kuchuluka kwa shuga.

Zaka zonsezi, chizindikiro ichi ndicho chakhala chachikulu pofufuza matendawa, chifukwa chake, ngati matenda akuwakayikira, adokotala nthawi zonse amapereka mayeso a magazi.

Osati kale kwambiri, World Health Organisation idalimbikitsa kafukufuku wina, kuyesa kwa ma glycated hemoglobin, kuti adziwe matenda a shuga. Kodi kuwunika kumeneku ndi motani?

Glycated hemoglobin amatchedwanso glycosylated hemoglobin. Lingaliro ili limaphatikizapo kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin alpha Hb_A1, omwe amaphatikiza ndi mamolekyulu a shuga.

Kodi glycated hemoglobin ndi chiyani?

Ambiri angadabwe kuti bwanji, mwa anthu athanzi, hemoglobin simalumikizana ndi shuga, ngakhale kukhalapo kwa glucose m'magazi. Nthawi zambiri, muyezo wa hemoglobin wa glycated monga momwe umagwiritsidwira ntchito mwa anthu si woposa 5.4 peresenti, pomwe odwala matenda ashuga amawonetsa mpaka amaposa 6.5 peresenti.

Vutoli limaphatikizidwa ndikuti shuga wambiri m'magazi, glucose amayamba kumangiriza mapuloteni a erythrocyte, chifukwa cha momwe glycated hemoglobin imawonjezera indices.

Hemoglobin imakhala mkati mwa maselo ofiira a m'magazi, omwe amachititsa kuti maselo a oxygen atulutsidwe m'maselo ndi minyewa ya thupi. Hemoglobin imatha kulumikizana ndi glucose, izi zimachitika mwanjira yochepetsetsa yopanda enzymatic. Njirayi imatchedwa glycation, chifukwa, glycated hemoglobin imapangidwa.

Popeza maselo ofiira amakhala ndi miyezi itatu, kuyezetsa magazi m'magazi kumatha kuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'miyezi itatu yapitayo.

Chifukwa cha kafukufuku wotere, adotolo amatha kudziwa zambiri zamomwe matendawa amayambira posachedwapa.

Ubwino ndi zoyipa za phunziroli

Kutengera ndi zomwe zapezedwa, kuthandizira kwa mitundu yosankhidwa yamankhwala kumayang'aniridwa ndikuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa glucose komwe kumawululidwa. Komanso, njira yodziwira matenda ashuga ili ndi zabwino zamitundu mitundu, poyerekeza ndi mitundu ina ya kafukufuku.

Makamaka, kuyesa kwa magazi kwa hemoglobin ya glycated amaperekedwa ngakhale wodwala anali kudya. Zotsatira za phunziroli sizofunika kudikira motalika, posachedwa adokotala azidziwitsa wodwalayo zonse.

Ngati glycated hemoglobin iwonjezeka, zomwe zikuwonetsa zotsatira za matendawa, njira ziyenera kuchitidwa nthawi. Chifukwa cha kusanthula, ndikotheka kuzindikira kuyambika kwa kusintha kwa kagayidwe kazakudya nthawi, pomwe kuyesedwa kwa shuga wamagazi sikuwonetsa kuti akuphwanya lamulo.

Zotsatira zakuzindikira sizikhudzidwa ndi njira zopatsirana, kupsinjika, zolimbitsa thupi ndi zina. Atatha kuwunika, adotolo amatha kutsimikizira kapena kutsimikizira kuti ali ndi zotsutsana, pomwe maphunziro wamba samapereka chidziwitso chonse.

Komabe, njira yoyezera kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin ya glycated imakhala ndi zovuta zake.

1. Iyi ndi njira yodula kwambiri yofufuzira yomwe odwala ambiri sangakwanitse. Komabe, ambiri amasankha kafukufukuyu chifukwa cha kulondola kwakukulu komanso kusavuta kwa kusanthula.
2. Miyezo ya hemoglobin ya glycated imatha kukhala yamtengo wapatali, koma osawonetsa kuchuluka kwake. Kuti mudziwe manambala awa, njira yokhazikika yodziwira shuga wamagazi imagwiritsidwa ntchito.
3. Ngati wodwala ali ndi vuto la kuchepa magazi m'thupi kapena cholowa cha mapuloteni a hemoglobin, zotsatira za kafukufuku wa hemoglobin ya glycosylated zidzasokonekera.
4. Popeza kuyezetsa kumawoneka ngati okwera mtengo kwambiri, sikuti kumachitika m'mizinda yonse, chifukwa ambiri odwala matenda ashuga sangathe kuchita kafukufuku pogwiritsa ntchito njirayi.
5. Pali lingaliro losatsimikiziridwa kuti hemoglobin ya glycated imatha kuchepetsedwa ngati odwala matenda ashuga aponso atenga vitamini C kapena E mu waukulu.
6. Kuwonjezeka kwa kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin ya glycosylated kumatha kuwonedwa ndi kuchepa kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro pakakhala mkhalidwe wa hypothyroidism. Pakadali pano, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kungakhale kwabwinobwino.

Zisonyezero za hemoglobin ya glycated

Mlingo wa hemoglobin wa glycated mwa munthu wathanzi ndi 4-6 peresenti. Mlingo uwu umawonedwa mwa anthu onse, ngakhale atakhala amsinkhu uti komanso amuna ndi akazi. Ngati kuwunikira kuli kunja kwa malire awa, dokotala amayambitsa matendawo ndikupereka chithandizo chofunikira.

Miyezi yambiri imatha kuwerengetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga kwa wodwalayo. Koma ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa kuti kuphwanya sikukukhala chizindikiro cha matenda ashuga nthawi zonse.

Pathology imadziwikanso ndi kulekerera kwa glucose kapena kusala kudya kwa shuga. Matenda a diabetes mellitus amadziwika ngati glycated hemoglobin siliyambiri kwambiri, komanso imaposa 6.5 peresenti. Pa 6.0-6.5 peresenti, prediabetes imapezeka, yomwe imayendetsedwa ndi kulolerana kwa shuga.

Komanso, munthu amatha kukhala ndi hemoglobin yotsika kwambiri m'magazi. Ngati zotsatira za phunzirolo ndizosakwana 4 peresenti, kusanthula kungasonyeze kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Vutoli nthawi zina limatanthawuza kupezeka kwa hypoglycemia.

Nthawi zambiri, chifukwa cha hemoglobin yotsika kwambiri imayamba chifukwa cha insulinoma, chotupa cha pancreatic chomwe chimakwiyitsa kupanga insulini. Nthawi yomweyo, munthu sakhala ndi insulin kukana, ndipo kuchuluka kwa glucose amachepetsa msanga, zomwe zimayambitsa hypoglycemia.

Kuphatikiza pa kuphwanya kumeneku, zinthu zotsatirazi zingayambitse kuchuluka kwa shuga komanso kutsika kwa ma hemoglobin otsika kwambiri:

• Kuphatikiza chakudya chamafuta ochepa;
• Kugwiritsa ntchito kuchuluka kwa mankhwala ochepetsa shuga ndi insulin;
• Kukhalapo kwa katundu wambiri;
• Kukhalapo kwa adrenal kusakwanira;
• Kuzindikiritsa Matenda achilengedwe osowa mwanjira ya matenda a Herce, matenda a von Girke, matenda a Forbes, tsankho la chiberekero cha fructose.

Ngati glycated hemoglobin m'magazi omwe amapezeka chifukwa cha kusanthula sikufika peresenti ya 5.7, kagayidwe kamunthu kachulukidwe kamunthu sikamayipa ndipo mwayi wokhala ndi matenda ashuga ndi wochepa. Ndi zizindikiro kuyambira 5.7 mpaka 6.0 peresenti, mwayi wamtundu wamatenda umachulukanso, kuti matenda asinthe, muyenera kutsatira njira yochizira komanso kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi.

Chizindikiro cha 6.1 mpaka 6.4 peresenti chikuwonetsa chiopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda a shuga. Munthu ayenera kutsatira kwambiri zakudya, kutsatira zakudya zinazake, ndikudya zakudya zovomerezeka zokha. Ngati zotsatira za phunzirolo zikufanana kapena zoposa 6.5 peresenti, adokotala amapanga zoyambirira - matenda ashuga.

Kuti mudziwe bwino komanso kupewa zolakwa, maphunziro angapo amachitika pakapita nthawi.

Amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin ya glycated, imachepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda.

Kumene ndi momwe mungapezere kuyesedwa kwa magazi a glycated hemoglobin

Kuyesedwa kwa magazi kuti mudziwe kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin ya glycated amaperekedwa kumalo komwe akukhalamo kuchipatala kapena kuchipatala. Ngati wodwala matenda a shuga akuyesedwa ndi chindapusa, kuchotsedwa kwa dokotala sikofunikira.

Kusanthula kwa glycated shuga kuti mutenge bwanji? Mwa njira yodziwitsira matenda, simuyenera kutsatira malamulo apadera. Kusanthula kumaloledwa kutenga ngakhale munthu atangodya kumene. Chowonadi ndi chakuti data ya hemoglobin ya glycated imawonetsa shuga m'miyezi itatu yapitayi, osati panthawi inayake.

Pakadali pano, madokotala ena amalimbikitsa kuyezetsa magazi pamimba yopanda kanthu kuti mupewe zolakwika komanso kuti musayesenso mtengo wokwera. Palibe chifukwa chokonzekera phunziroli mwanjira iliyonse.

Mutha kupeza zotsatira za kuyezetsa kwa magazi kwa glycated hemoglobin patatha masiku atatu kapena anayi atatha mayeso. Kuchulukitsa kwa magazi kumachitika nthawi zambiri kuchokera mu mtsempha, koma pali njira zina zomwe zinthu zachilengedwe zofufuzira zimatengedwa kuchokera kumunwe.Mtengo wake wowunikira ndi ma ruble 400-800, kutengera dera.

1. Mukapezeka ndi matenda a shuga, kuyezetsa magazi kwa hemoglobin ya glycated kuyenera kuyesedwa osachepera miyezi itatu iliyonse. Kugwiritsa ntchito izi, dokotala azitha kuwona momwe zosinthazi zikuyendera, ayesetse mphamvu ya machitidwe omwe asankhidwa ndikuwathandiza, ngati pakufunika, asinthe mankhwalawo.
2. Ngati matenda a prediabetes a munthu komanso kuyezetsa magazi koyambirira kwawonetsa kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin wa 5.7-6.4 peresenti, pamakhala chiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matendawa, wodwalayo amayenera kufufuzidwa kamodzi pachaka. Ngati zotsatira za matenda zikuwonetsa 7 peresenti, kusanthula kumachitika miyezi isanu ndi umodzi iliyonse.
3. Pokhapokha matendawa ndi chizindikiro cha matenda osokoneza bongo, kuyezetsa kumachitika kamodzi pazaka zitatu zilizonse pofuna kupewa. Ngati kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kulibe vuto, kuwunika kumachitika miyezi itatu iliyonse. Phunziroli limachitika nthawi ya kalembedwe ka mankhwala.

Ngati zizindikiro zomwe zapezeka zikukayikira, chingachitike ndi chiyani ngati wodwala ali ndi matenda a magazi mu mawonekedwe a hemolytic anemia, njira zina zowonetsera zasayansi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Mtundu umodzi wamaphunzirowo ndi mayeso a glycosylated albin kapena fructosamine.

Izi zimapereka chidziwitso chokhudza matenda a carbohydrate metabolism m'masabata awiri kapena atatu apitawa.

Anachepetsa hemoglobin wa glycated

Gawo loyamba ndikuwunika zakudya zanu ndikusintha zakudya zina zapadera. Madokotala amalimbikitsa kudya masamba ndi zipatso zambiri momwe kungathekere - CHIKWANGWANI chimasintha thupi lonse, kuchepetsa shuga komanso kuthandiza kuti shuga azikhala bwino.

Zotupa zina zofunikira kwambiri zimapezeka mu nyemba, nthochi, zitsamba zatsopano. Kuphatikiza apo, muyenera kumwa ma yoghurts ndi mkaka wopanda nonfat, zimakhala ndi calcium ndi vitamini D, zomwe zingathandize kulimbitsa dongosolo lama cartilage, kusintha magayidwe am'mimba, komanso kuchepetsa shuga m'magazi. Makamaka, mankhwalawa amayenera kudyedwa ndi anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a 2.

Ndikofunikanso kudya mtedza ndi nsomba zamafuta ochepa, zimakhala ndi ma Omega-3 acid, amathandizira kuchepetsa kukana kwa insulin. Chifukwa cha izi, kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi kumayendetsedwa, ntchito yamtima imayenda bwino, ndipo kuchuluka kwa cholesterol kumachepa.

Cinnamon, yomwe imayenera kukhala patebulo la matenda ashuga, imapangitsa kuchepa kwa insulin. Koma kudya zonunkhira zilizonse ziyenera kukhala zochepa. Mwa njira, ndizotheka kugwiritsa ntchito kefir ndi sinamoni kuti muchepetse shuga.

Kuphatikiza pazakudya, ndikofunikira kuwonjezera masewera olimbitsa thupi, kukhala ndi thanzi labwino, kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi komanso kupewa mavuto.

Chifukwa chomwe mukusowa kusanthula kwa hemoglobin wa glycated komanso kuti mutenge kangati adzakuwuzani kanema munkhaniyi.