Zizindikiro za shuga mwa mwana wazaka 4: Zizindikiro ndi chithandizo

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Matenda a shuga m'mwana ndi matenda osachiritsika omwe ayenera kupezeka nthawi yake. Chithandizo chapanthawi yake Pamaso pa kukhazikika kwa cholowa, ndikofunikira kuchitapo kanthu pofuna kuteteza mwana kuti asaonekere kuti ali ndi matenda oopsa.

Mwa matenda onse osachiritsika aubwana, matenda ashuga ali kwachiwiri. Matendawa amatenga mavuto akulu kuposa kuwonjezeka kwa shuga mwa munthu wamkulu. Chowonadi ndi chakuti pakakhala vuto la metabolic, zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kuti mwana wazaka 4 kapena kuposa apo asinthe mwamaganizidwe pakati pa anzawo. Ngati pali mwana wamtundu umodzi wa matenda ashuga mwa mwana, banja lonse liyenera kuphunzira kusintha moyo wawo.

Chithandizo cha mankhwalawa chili ndi cholinga chochepa komanso chautali. Zolinga zapafupi ndikuphunzitsa mwana kuti azolowere gulu moyenera, kuti asamve kuti ali ndi vuto pakati pa ana athanzi. Cholinga chakutali ndikukuza kuthana ndi zovuta zam'mimba.

Matenda a shuga kwa ana

Matendawa monga matenda a shuga amayamba kugwidwa kwa shuga kusokonekera. Kutalika kwa moyo wa ana omwe ali ndi vuto lofananalo mwachindunji kumadalira makolowo, omwe atazindikira kuti anaphwanya nthawi, amapita kwa endocrinologist ndikuyamba chithandizo chofunikira munthawi yake.

Mukamatsatira malamulo onse, mwana yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga sadzatha kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi wamba. Pali mitundu iwiri yayikulu yamatendawa - mtundu woyamba ndi wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga. Amasiyana pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana zoyambira, zizindikilo, kakulidwe ndi chithandizo.

Akakhala ndi insulin m'magazi, mwanayo amapezeka ndi matenda oyamba. Maselo sangathe kutulutsa timadzi tambiri mu kuchuluka komwe kukufunika kapena samatulutsa kwathunthu. Zotsatira zake, thupi la mwana silingathe kupirira ndi shuga, ndipo kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumawonjezeka kwambiri. Ndi mtundu uwu wa mankhwala, insulin imabayidwa.

Potengera mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga, mahomoni enanso amapangidwa, koma nthawi zina pamakhala kuchuluka kwamahomoni.

Chifukwa cha izi, kutayika kwa insulin kumatha, ndipo thupi la mwana silingadziwe mahomoni.

Zizindikiro za matenda a shuga kwa ana aang'ono

Monga lamulo, zizindikiro za matenda ashuga mwa ana a zaka 4 zimawonekera mofulumira, kuposa milungu ingapo. Ngati zizindikiro zakukayikira zikupezeka, ndikofunikira kulumikizana ndi dokotala wa ana ndikupatsira mayeso onse ofunikira.

Chizindikiro chilichonse chimatha kuyipa kwambiri muumoyo, chifukwa chake, musayerekeze kunyalanyaza mkhalidwe wa mwana. Ndi matenda a shuga, ana amatha kumwa kawirikawiri, chifukwa amadzimadzi amathandizira kuchotsa shuga wambiri m'thupi. Pankhaniyi, mwana nthawi zambiri amapita kuchimbudzi "pang'ono." Ngati mwana amakonda kukodzera pabedi usiku, ichi chingakhale chizindikiro choopsa.

Ndi matenda ashuga, thupi la mwanayo silingathe kupatsa mwanayo mphamvu zofunika kuchokera ku shuga. Zotsatira zake, mafuta ochepa komanso minofu yambiri ndizowonjezera mphamvu. Pazifukwa izi, kulemera kumachepera kwambiri, mwana amayamba kuchepa thupi msanga.

  • Ngakhale kuti ana odwala matenda ashuga amadya kwambiri, amakumana ndi njala nthawi zonse, chifukwa kukhutira ndizovuta kwambiri. Nthawi zina, njala imatha kuchepa, ndiyenera kuyang'anira mwapadera, chifukwa nthawi zambiri chizindikiro choterechi chimakhudzana ndi matenda osokoneza bongo.
  • Mphamvu yochokera ku glucose sililowa m'thupi la ana odwala, kotero maselo amayamba kuvutika ndikutumiza chizindikiro chogwirizana ndi ubongo. Zotsatira zake, mwana amakhala ndi kutopa kosalekeza.
  • Zizindikiro zooneka ngati fungo la acetone mkamwa, nseru, kupuma mwachangu, komanso kugona. Ululu pamimba. Pakakhala njira zochizira mwadzidzidzi, mwana akhoza kugwa, ndipo kumwalira ndikothekanso.
  • Ndi matenda amtundu wa 1 shuga, atsikana amatha kukhala ndi thrush, yomwe nthawi zambiri imatha mankhwala akayamba.

Chifukwa chiyani matenda a shuga a ana amakula?

Kusankha kwa chithandizo chamankhwala kumatengera matendawo chifukwa cha maonekedwe a mwana. Chifukwa chachikulu ndikudya kwambiri, ana akamadya chokoleti, masikono ndi zakudya zina zambiri zopatsa mphamvu za "kuwala". Ndi kudya kosalamulirika komanso maswiti ochulukitsa, thupi limadzaza ndikuyamba kuyambitsa kutulutsa kwa insulin m'mitsempha yamagazi.

Kenako pali kufooka mwachangu ndikuyimitsidwa kwa maselo a pancreatic, omwe amachititsa kuti insulini ipangidwe. Zotsatira zake, ana ali ndi kuchepa kwa insulin komanso kukula kwa matenda ashuga.

Ndi chimfine pafupipafupi, pali kuphwanya kuchuluka kwa ma antibodies omwe thupi limatulutsa. Chitetezo cha mthupi chimaletsa, ndipo chitetezo cha mthupi chimalimbana ndi maselo ake omwe ndi insulin. Chifukwa chake, kapamba amakhudzidwa ndipo kuchuluka kwa mahomoni m'magazi kumatsika.

  1. Ngati m'modzi mwa makolo kapena wachibale wake ali ndi matenda ashuga, pamakhala chiopsezo chotenga matendawa mwa mwanayo. Ana omwe amakhala ndi vuto lotengera kubadwa kwa makolo samabadwa ndi matenda ashuga, matendawa nthawi zambiri amadziwonetsa akula kapena kukalamba. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuchita popewa komanso kuti musakwiyitse thupi kuti liwoneke ngati matenda.
  2. Mwana akapanda kuyenda mokwanira komanso kukhala ndi moyo wotopa, amatha kukhala wonenepa kwambiri mwinanso wonenepa kwambiri. Pogwira ntchito yolimbitsa thupi, pamakhala maselo opanga insulin, chifukwa omwe magazi amachepetsa, ndipo glucose alibe nthawi yoti asanduke mafuta.
  3. Pankhani ya kudya kwambiri zotsekemera ndi kunenepa kwambiri, glucose sangasanduke mphamvu, chifukwa chake imasandulika maselo amafuta. Ngakhale ndi insulin yambiri mthupi, shuga wamagazi sangathe kukonzedwa.

Njira zoyesera

Matenda a shuga amadziwika ngati zizindikiro zamankhwala zimawonekera - ketonuria, polydipsia, polyuria, hyperglycemia imapezeka mwa mwana, kulemera kumachepa.

Ngati, kuyezetsa magazi, magawo othamanga ali 7 mmol / lita, kuyezetsa kumabwerezedwa. Akalandira chisonyezo ichi kwachiwiri, adokotala amatha kudziwa matendawa. Komanso matendawa amadziwika ngati zotsatira za kafukufuku atatha kudya ndi 11 mmol / lita.

Kuti mupeze matenda a shuga kwa ana, mitundu ingapo ya maphunziro imachitika. Mkulu wa glucose amatsimikiziridwa pamimba yopanda kanthu ndipo mwana atamwa 300 g yankho lomwe lili ndi 75 g shuga. Kuti mudziwe molondola kuchuluka kwa shuga, kuyezetsa magazi kwa chala kumachitika theka lililonse la maola awiri.

Pali miyeso ina malinga ndi momwe adokotala angadziwire kupezeka kwa matendawa.

  • Mwa mwana wathanzi wololera wa glucose wabwinobwino, zizindikiro za shuga pamimba yopanda kanthu zitha kufika 5.6 mmol / lita. Maola 0,5-1,5 pambuyo poyeserera, kuchuluka kwa shuga sikupitilira 11.1 mmol / lita. Maola awiri atatha kugwiritsa ntchito shuga, Zizindikiro zimatsika ndi 7.8 mmol / lita.
  • Pothetsa kulolera kwa glucose m'thupi la mwana, kuchuluka kwa shuga pamimba yopanda kanthu ndi 6.7 mmol / lita. Pambuyo pa maola 0.5-1,5, zizindikirazo zimatha kukhala zofanana ndi 11.1 mmol / lita, ndipo pambuyo maola awiri zimakhala 7.8-11.1 mmol / lita.

Kukula kwa matenda a shuga

Ndi matenda apamwamba a shuga, mwana amatha kudwala matenda ashuga. Zizindikiro pamenepa zimayendera limodzi ndi kufooka kwambiri, thukuta kwambiri, kunjenjemera, kumangokhala ndi njala.

Mwanayo amatha kukhala ndi masomphenya awiri, malilime onyansa komanso milomo, yomwe imatchedwa "kukhumudwa kwa nyanja" kumayamba. Nthawi yomweyo, mwana amakhala wosakhazikika mumtima; amatha kukhala wodekha kapena wodekha.

Pakakhala chithandizo chofunikira komanso chodera nkhawa kwa wodwalayo, ana amatha kukhala ndi chizolowezi cha kuyerekezera zinthu, kunjenjemera, kuchita zachilendo, ndipo pakapita kanthawi mwana akhoza kugwa.

Popewa kukula kwa zoterezi, mwana ayenera kukhala ndi chokoleti chokhacho ndi iye, chimadyedwa pokhapokha pakuwonjezeka kwambiri kwamankhwala a insulin.

Kuchita kosavuta koteroko kumapewetsa kuyambika kwa hypoglycemia.

Chithandizo cha matenda ashuga

Nthawi zambiri, ana amapezeka ndi mtundu woyamba wa matenda ashuga. Chithandizo chake ndikugwiritsa ntchito jakisoni wa yankho la insulin. Mwana amapatsidwa zakudya zapadera zochizira. Ndikofunika kupatula njala, chakudya chikuyenera kukhala chokwanira komanso chathanzi.

Kuphatikiza pa kadzutsa, chakudya chamasana komanso chakudya chamadzulo, amaloledwa kupanga chakudya chambiri ndi zakudya zamasamba. Muyenera kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito zakudya zomwe zili ndi zakudya zamafuta ambiri momwe mungathere. Ngati mumangotsatira zakudya pafupipafupi, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'thupi kumachepa pang'onopang'ono ndipo chiwopsezo chokhala ndi zovuta zazikulu zimachepetsedwa chifukwa chowonjezera kapena kusowa kwa insulin ya mahomoni.

Nthawi zambiri, mwana amamuika jakisoni waifupi yemwe amakhala ndi insulin - mankhwala a Protofan ndi insulin Actrapid. Njira yothetsera vutoli imayendetsedwa pang'onopang'ono ndi cholembera, potero kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Pambuyo pakuphunzitsidwa, mwana amatha kudzipatsa yekha jekeseni, pomwe mlingo umasankhidwa ndi adokotala.

  1. Kuti muziyang'anira pafupipafupi zowonetsera za glucose ndikuyesa magazi kunyumba, muyenera kugula chipangizo chapadera, glucometer.
  2. Pazithunzi za wodwala matenda ashuga, muyenera kulowetsamo zambiri tsiku lililonse, mtundu wa chakudya chomwe mwana amadya komanso kuchuluka kwa zakudya zomwe adadya. Izi zimaperekedwa kwa endocrinologist mukapita ku chipatalachi, pamaziko a diary, dokotala amatha kusankha mulingo woyenera wa insulin.
  3. Mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda, chithandizo chachikulu ndikugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala othandizira. Ndikofunika kuthetsa kwathunthu maswiti ndi zakudya zama carb apamwamba kwambiri kuchokera muzakudya. Pakuwerengera kwamakanikidwe a chakudya, mumagwiritsidwa ntchito "mkate" wapadera. Chizindikirochi nthawi zina chimawonetsedwa pamatundu a zinthu zakunja, kuti wodwala matenda ashuga azitha kuyang'anira zakudya zake.

Ku Russia, kachitidwe kofananira kowonetsa kuchuluka kwa "zotengera mkate" sikunayambitsidwe, chifukwa chake makolo ayenera kuphunzira kuwerengera pawokha chizindikiritso ichi pachinthu chilichonse. Pachifukwa ichi, muyenera kudziwa kuchuluka kwa zopatsa mphamvu za mafuta zomwe zimapezeka mu 100 g mu chakudya, chiwerengerocho chimagawidwa ndi 12 ndikuchulukitsidwa ndi kulemera kwa thupi la mwana.

Kuphatikiza apo, kwa mtundu uliwonse wa matenda ashuga, zolimbitsa thupi zopepuka zimalembedwa. Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kumathandizira kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga ndikukulitsa chidwi cha maselo kwa insulin. Popewa kuchuluka kwa glucose, musanayambe kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi komanso pambuyo pake, mwana ayenera kudya zakudya zamagulu ena. Ndikofunikira kupewa katundu wambiri, chifukwa izi zimangowononga thanzi la mwana.

Kuti muchepetse kunenepa kwambiri, mankhwalawa amachitika pogwiritsa ntchito chromium, aristolochic acid, Dubrovnik, Chitosan, momordic, Pyruvate. Mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda, ndikofunikira kudya nandolo, yisiti yofulula, soseji, mbewu za fenugreek, broccoli. Pofuna kuthana ndi njala, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala onunkhiritsa a pamimba kapena patch yapadera.

Zizindikiro za matenda ashuga mwa ana zakambidwa mu kanema munkhaniyi.

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