Momwe Mungawerengere Low Density Cholesterol Kudziwa HDL ndi Total Cholesterol

Kuwerengera kwa cholesterol kumakhala ndi zofunikira zingapo - HDL, LDL ndi triglycerides. Kusintha kwazinthu izi komanso kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'thupi kumatha kuwonetsa kukula kwa matenda amtima, kuphatikizapo atherossteosis, matenda apakhungu oopsa, matenda olowa, matenda ashuga, ndi zina zambiri.

Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti cholesterol ndi gawo lachilengedwe lomwe limapezeka mu membrane wa khungu pafupifupi chilichonse chamoyo padziko lapansi, kuwonjezera pa prokaryotes, bowa ndi mbewu.

Pafupifupi 80% ya cholesterol (cholesterol) imapangidwa ndi thupi, monga impso, chiwindi, gland ndi gren. 20% yotsala imachokera kunja ndi chakudya. Chifukwa chake, chifukwa cha zakudya zopanda thanzi, kuchuluka kwa cholesterol kumatha kusiyanasiyana.

Momwe mungawerengere cholesterol ndikuletsa kukula kwamavuto akulu, werengani.

Mtengo wa cholesterol thupi

Kubwerera mu 1769, wasayansi P. de la Salle anapeza gulu la mitundu yoyera, lofanana kwambiri ndi mafuta. Pamenepo, sanadziwe za kupezeka kwa cholesterol.

Mu 1789 zokha, chifukwa cha ntchito ya A. Fourcroix, zinali zotheka kupeza zinthuzo mwanjira yake yabwino, ndipo wasayansi M. Chevrel adapereka dzina lamakono "cholesterol".

Cholesterol sungasungunuke m'madzi. Koma chinthucho chimadumphira bwino mu zosungunulira zamafuta kapena mafuta.

Pali mitundu ingapo ya zinthu zachilengedwe:

• High Density Lipoproteins (HDL), kapena "wabwino" cholesterol. Amakhala ndi udindo wonyamula lipids ku maselo, minofu ya mtima, mitsempha yamagazi, mitsempha ya chiwindi ndi ubongo, komwe kuphatikizanso kwa bile kumachitika. Pambuyo pake, cholesterol "yabwino" imasweka ndikuchotsedwa m'thupi.
• Lowensens lipoproteins (LDL), kapena cholesterol "choyipa". Udindo wonyamula lipids kuchokera ku chiwindi kupita ku ma cell onse a thupi. Ndi lipids yochulukirapo, imadziunjikira pamakoma amkati mwa mitsempha, zomwe zimathandizira kupanga mapangidwe a atherosranceotic.
• Triglycerides, kapena lipids zosalowerera ndale. Izi ndizomwe zimachokera pamafuta acid ndi glycerol omwe amaphatikiza ndi cholesterol kuti apange magazi. Triglycerides ndi gwero lamphamvu lothandizira thupi.

Cholesterol ndi gawo lofunikira kwa thupi la munthu.

Ndi kuchuluka kwake, ntchito zotsatirazi zimaperekedwa:

1. Ntchito ya chapakati mantha dongosolo. Cholesterol ndi gawo lamtambo wa zotupa zamanjenje, zomwe zimawateteza kuti asawonongeke. Izi zimathandizanso kuyendetsa bwino kwa kukhudzidwa kwa mitsempha.
2. Kuthetsa poizoni ndi antioxidant zotsatira. HDL imateteza maselo ofiira a m'magazi (maselo ofiira a magazi) ku zotsatira zoyipa za poizoni osiyanasiyana. Ntchito yawo yotsitsa antioxidant ndikupititsa patsogolo chitetezo chokwanira.
3. Kupanga mavitamini ndi mahomoni. Chifukwa cha HDL, mavitamini osungunuka mafuta, ma steroid ndi mahomoni ogonana amapangidwa. Cholesterol imagwira nawo ntchito yopanga vitamini D ndi K, testosterone, estrogen, cortisol ndi aldosterone.
4. Kuongolera za kuchuluka kwa ma cell. Cholesterol "Chabwino" chimasunthira michere yogwira maselo ambiri.

Kuphatikiza apo, kupewa kwa neoplasms yoyipa kumachitika. Pamaso pa zotupa zovomerezeka, HDL imalepheretsa kupweteka kwawo.

Kudziwitsa za cholesterol

Mbiri ya lipid (kuyesedwa kwa cholesterol) imayikidwa kwa matenda a mtima, kuthamanga kwa magazi, kusokonekera kwa shuga, chiwindi kapena kukanika kwaimpso, komanso kuyesa mayeso. Pofufuza koteroko, ndikofunikira kukonzekera molondola.

Maola 9 mpaka 12 mayeso musanadye kapena kumwa chilichonse (tikulankhula za khofi, tiyi, mowa ndi zakumwa zina). Munthawi imeneyi, mumatha kumwa madzi okha. Pankhani yakumwa mankhwala, nkhaniyi iyenera kukambirana ndi adotolo, chifukwa ikhoza kukhudza zotsatira za kafukufukuyu.

Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti muthe kuyesa mayeso anu a cholesterol ndi dokotala wa banja lanu. Katswiri amadziwa kale mbiri yam'banja, kuthamanga kwa magazi, zomwe zimayenderana ndi zomwe zimachitika mthupi. Ndi zotsatira zabwino, amatha kukhala ndi regimen yothandizira.

Cholesterol imawerengeredwa ndi zizindikiro monga HDL, LDL ndi triglycerides. Pachifukwa ichi, magazi a capillary amatengedwa pamimba yopanda kanthu. Mlingo wa cholesterol m'mwazi, kutengera umunthu wa wodwala, umafotokozedwa pagome.

Ngakhale kuchuluka kwambiri kwa cholesterol sikuti kumangosonyeza ma pathologies onse. Zitha kukhala chifukwa cha zapamwamba za HDL. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti mwa amayi ena kuchuluka kwa HDL kumatha kuwonjezeka chifukwa chokhala ndi estrogen.

Chiwerengero cha cholesterol chiwerengero chimawerengeredwa motere: cholesterol yathunthu imagawidwa ndi HDL. Mwachitsanzo, cholesterol yathunthu ndi 10 mmol / L ndipo mulingo wa HDL ndi 2 mmol / L, ndiye chiyezo cha cholesterol ndi 5: 1.

Kodi kupatuka kunthawi zonse kumatanthauza chiyani?

Ngati njira yowerengera cholesterol idawonetsa phindu lalikulu kapena laling'ono kuposa 3.61-5.25 mmol / L, izi zitha kuwonetsa kukula kwa matenda oopsa.

Ngati cholesterol index yonse ndi yotsika kwambiri poyerekeza ndi yabwinobwino, mwina wodwalayo ali ndi matenda oyamba ndi mavairasi; matenda a m'mapapo; kulemala kwamalingaliro; matenda osiyanasiyana a mafupa.

Tiyenera kudziwa kuti munthu akakhala ndi njala kapena akudya zakudya zokhala ndi ma amino acid ambiri, nthawi zambiri cholesterol yake imagwera pansi. Zimathanso kuchitika chifukwa chomwa mankhwala ena omwe amawotcha cholesterol.

Kupitilira muyeso kungasonyeze kupezeka kwa matenda kapena mikhalidwe yotere:

• atherosulinosis;
• hepatic kukanika;
• kulephera kwaimpso;
• shuga osadalira insulin;
• shuga wodalira insulin;
• zotupa za kapamba kapena Prostate;
• matenda a mtima;
• kuledzera;
• nthawi yapakati;
• chitukuko cha gout;
• chakudya chopanda malire.

Zotsatira zofala kwambiri zamavuto a lipid metabolism, pakakhala kuchepa kwa HDL komanso kuwonjezeka kwa LDL, ndikokula kwa atherosulinosis.

Matenda a atherosulinosis ndi njira yomwe pamatsekeka mitsempha yokhala ndi cholesterol malo amawonedwa ndioposa theka. Njira imeneyi pakapita nthawi imaphatikizira kuchepa kwa ziwiya ndi kuchepa kwa mphamvu zawo.

Zowopsa kwambiri zomwe zimachitika pakukula kwa matenda ndi kuwonongeka kwa ziwiya zamitsempha. Mwayi wa thrombosis, kugunda kwa mtima, sitiroko komanso matenda a mtima.

Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti mafuta a cholesterol - ma ostersterols - amaika ngozi yayikulu ku thanzi la munthu.

Amapezeka m'mitengo yambiri yamkaka, mazira a mazira, nyama yamafuta ndi nsomba.

Kupewa kwa lipid kagayidwe

Zomwe zimayambitsa kuperewera kwa lipid metabolism komanso kukula kwa atherosulinosis kumakhala ndi ma genetics, matenda opatsirana, kunenepa kwambiri, moyo wopanda ntchito, zizolowezi zoperewera, komanso zakudya zopanda thanzi.

Popewa kuphwanya kagayidwe ka lipid, ndikofunikira kutsatira malamulo oyambira kupewa:

1. gwiritsitsani chakudya chiwerengero 5;
2. phatikizani zolimbitsa thupi ndi kupuma kwabwino;
3. ngati pali mapaundi owonjezera, sinthani kulemera kwake;
4. kusiya kusuta fodya ndi kumwa mowa kwambiri;
5. osagonjera kupsinjika mtima.

Kudya zakudya zopatsa thanzi kumaphatikiza zakudya monga nsomba yazakudya ndi nyama, buledi wathunthu, mafuta a masamba, zipatso zosaphika, zitsamba ndi masamba.

Kuti mafuta a cholesterol akhalebe abwinobwino, mafuta a nyama, margarine, shuga woyengedwa, mazira a mazira, ndi mafuta amkaka amafuta ayenera kusiidwa.

Zakudya za tiyi ndi khofi ziyeneranso kuchepetsedwa. Ngakhale kuti zakumwa izi sizikhudzanso kagayidwe ka lipid, zimakhudza kuchepa kwa mitsempha. Izi zimathandizanso kupanga mapangidwe a cholesterol kukula ndi zolembera.

Ngakhale ndizosatheka kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, muyenera kuyenda mu mpweya wabwino tsiku lililonse kwa mphindi zosachepera 40. Chifukwa chake, ndizotheka kupewa zotsatira za vuto la lipid metabolism.

Akatswiri azikambirana za cholesterol mu kanema munkhaniyi.