Kodi nkhuku imakhala ndi cholesterol ndipo imakhala yayani m'mawere a nkhuku?

Cholesterol mu nkhuku imakhala yochepa - pafupifupi 80 mg yokha pa 100 g ya nyama. Popeza kufooketsa kwa lipid metabolism ndi amodzi mwa mavuto omwe ali ponseponse masiku ano, kusintha kadyedwe ndi kunenepa kwambiri kumathandiza.

Zomwe cholesterol mthupi la munthu imayang'anira, chifukwa chochulukirapo cha zinthu izi ndi zovulaza, komanso momwe mungaphikire nkhuku yokoma komanso yathanzi - nkhaniyi idafotokozedwa m'nkhaniyi.

Cholesterol chabwino komanso choyipa

Cholesterol (cholesterol) ndi chinthu chokhala ngati mafuta chomwe chimakhala cha gulu la lipophilic alcohols. Sayansi yamakono imadziwa za kuchuluka kwa cholesterol chifukwa cha ntchito ya P. de la Salle, A. Fourcroix, M. Chevrel ndi M. Berthelot.

Ndi chiwindi cha munthu chomwe chimapanga 80% ichi, ndipo ndi 20% yokha yomwe imalowa m'thupi ndi chakudya. Nthawi zambiri, zomwe zimakhala m'mafuta a cholesterol ziyenera kukhala kuchokera 3.3 mpaka 5.2 mmol / L. Momwe kuphatikizira kwazinthu kudutsa malire abwinobwino, kulephera kwa lipid metabolism kumachitika.

Lipoproteins, gulu la mapuloteni ovuta, ndi ofunikira potumiza cholesterol. Amatha kukhala ndi mafuta acids, phospholipids, mafuta osalowerera komanso mafuta m'thupi.

Lowensens lipoproteins (LDL) sizinthu zosungunuka bwino m'magazi zomwe zimatulutsa mpweya wamatumbo a cholesterol. Kafukufuku wakhazikitsa ubale wolunjika pakati pa kuchuluka kwa LDL ndikupanga cholesterol plaques. Pankhaniyi, amatchedwanso "cholesterol" yoyipa.

High density lipoproteins (HDL) ndi zinthu zosungunuka kwambiri zomwe sizikulakalaka. Sali atherogenic ndipo amateteza mitsempha kuti isapangidwe ndi zilembo zamatchulidwe ndi kukula.

Muyeso wa ndende ya LDL sayenera kupitirira 2.586 mmol / l. Pogwiritsa ntchito cholesterol yoipa "yambiri," chiwopsezo cha matenda a mtima kapena matenda a mtima, komanso matenda ena amitsempha.

Kuchuluka kwa LDL kumatha kuphatikizidwa ndi kukhalapo kwa zizolowezi zoyipa, kunenepa kwambiri, kusachita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi, kusakhazikika kwa bile mu chiwindi, komanso kulephera kwa dongosolo la endocrine.

Zinthu monga kusewera masewera, kusiya mowa ndi kusuta, kudya zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi fiber, mavitamini, mafuta acids, michere yaying'ono komanso zazikulu zomwe zimachepetsa mulingo wa LDL.

Mtengo wa cholesterol thupi

Kapangidwe kazinthu kameneka kamapezeka pazamoyo zonse zomwe zimakhala padziko lapansi.

Kupatula kokha ndi prokaryotes, kapena osakhala nyukiliya, bowa ndi zomera.

Cholesterol ndi chinthu chomwe chimagwira ntchito zambiri zofunika mthupi la munthu.

Njira zotsatirazi ndizosatheka popanda kulumikizana:

• Mapangidwe a nembanemba wa plasma. Cholesterol ndi gawo la nembanemba, kukhala chosinthira mwa biolayer. Imachulukitsa kuchuluka kwa kulongedza ma phospholipid mamolekyulu.
• Kutenga nawo gawo pantchito yamanjenje. Pulogalamuyi ndi gawo lamtambo wa zotupa zamanjenje, zomwe zimapangidwa kuti ziziteteza kuti zisawonongeke. Chifukwa chake, cholesterol imayenda bwino kwa kutsekeka kwa mitsempha.
• Kutsegulira unyolo wa mahomoni a biosynthesis ndikupanga mavitamini. Izi zimalimbikitsa kupanga ma sex ndi ma steroid. Cholesterol ndiye maziko opanga mavitamini a gulu D ndi ma acid bile.
• Kuchuluka chitetezo chokwanira komanso kuthetsedwa kwa poizoni. Ntchitoyi imalumikizidwa ndi kutetezedwa kwa maselo ofiira pamavuto oyipa a hemolytic poisons.
• Kuteteza mapangidwe zotupa. Mulingo wabwinobwino wa HDL umalepheretsa kusintha kwa chotupa kukhala zotupa zoyipa.

Ngakhale amagwira ntchito zofunika kwambiri mthupi, cholesterol yochulukirapo, yomwe ndi LDL, imabweretsa ma pathologies ambiri owopsa. Chofala kwambiri ndi atherosulinosis, momwe cholesterol imamera ndipo zikhadakhazikika pamakhoma amitsempha yamagazi. Zotsatira zake, pali kufupika kwa lumen ya ziwiya, kuwonongeka kwawo kwa kutanuka ndi kutanuka, komwe kumakhudza magazi.

Kugonjera nyama zopanda mafuta

Poletsa komanso kuchiza matenda a atherosulinosis, nyama zokhazokha monga nkhuku, kalulu ndi Turkey ziyenera kuphatikizidwa muzakudya.

Palibe chovuta kuchita popanda nyama, chifukwa malonda ndi omwe amatsogolera pakupanga mapuloteni. Muli ma amino acid, ofunika kwambiri kwa ana, amayi oyembekezera komanso oyembekezera. Zakudya zosiyanasiyana zamafuta ndi mafuta ndizophatikiza zinthu zambiri - chitsulo, magnesium, calcium, zinki, ndi zina zambiri.

Nyama ya nkhuku ndichopanga chomwe chimapezeka mosavuta ndi kukoma kwabwinoko, mafuta ochepa komanso chidziwitso chochepa cha glycemic. Mulinso phosphorous ndi chitsulo, carotene, mavitamini D ndi E. Gawo No. 10c ndi zakudya zina kupatula kudyedwa kwa nkhuku ya nkhuku, motero imasiyanitsidwa ndi nyama musanaphike. Khungu ndi viscera sizipindulitsa thupi.

Kalulu ndiye mankhwala azakudya kwambiri. Kuwerengera kwamafuta, zopatsa mphamvu ndi mapuloteni munyama uno ndi pafupi. Kuledzera kwa kalulu nyama kumathandizira kagayidwe, chifukwa chake ndi atherosulinosis kumathandizira kuti kagayidwe ka lipid kagayidwe.

Turkey ilinso ndi mafuta ochulukirapo. Ndi kuchuluka kwa phosphorous, sichotsika kuposa nsomba. Kudya kutumikiridwa kwa nkaka, thupi la munthu limapatsidwa theka la mavitamini B ndi R tsiku lililonse.

Pansipa pali tebulo lomwe lili ndi zopatsa mphamvu komanso mafuta m'thupi.

Ngakhale kuti nkhuku imakhala ndi cholesterol yaying'ono, mu dzira yolk imakhala 400-500 mg / 100 g. Chifukwa chake, ndi atherosclerosis, kumwa mazira a nkhuku kuyenera kuchepetsedwa.

Mtima wa nkhuku uli ndi 170 mg / 100 g, ndipo chiwindi chimakhala ndi 492 mg / 100 g. Funso limatsalira kuti cholesterol ndiyani m'mawere a nkhuku, chifukwa kuchokera pamenepo mumatha kuphika mitundu yambiri ya miyala yamtengo wapatali. Kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'mawere a nkhuku ndi 35 mg / 100 g .. Ngakhale zili zochepa mu nkhuku zazing'ono - 20 mg / 100 g yokha.

Zomwe zili bwino kukana atherosulinosis ndi nyama yamafuta. Izi zimaphatikizapo nkhumba, mafuta a nkhumba ndi mwanawankhosa.

Ngakhale kuti nkhumba imakhala ndi cholesterol yaying'ono - 80 mg / 100 g, mafuta ochulukirapo m'thupi amatsogolera pakupanga matenda amtima.

Kodi kuphika nkhuku?

Pofuna kukhazikika magazi cholesterol ndikuletsa kukula kwa atherosulinosis, ndikofunikira kutsatira malamulo a zakudya zopatsa thanzi. Mafuta, okazinga, osuta, osankhika ndi mchere amchere sayenera kuyikamo zakudya. Muyenera kusiya mafuta ndi ma viscera (chiwindi, mtima, ndi zina).

Pali malamulo angapo pokonzekera kudya nyama kuti ikhale yopindulitsa kwambiri pazombo zowonongeka ndikukhutitsa thupi ndi zigawo zogwiritsa ntchito kwachilengedwe:

1. Nkhuku ndi mitundu ina ya nyama yophika yophika, yophika kapena yofinya. Chifukwa chake, mavitamini onse ndi zinthu zina zimasungidwa.
2. Mukamakonza nyama muyenera kuwonjezera mchere wochepa. Zomwe zimachitika tsiku lililonse pakudya kwake ndi 5 g .Kuchulukitsa mchere mthupi kumabweretsa vasodilation komanso kuchuluka kwa magazi.
3. Nkhuku iyenera kuphikidwa popanda khungu. Brisket ndi abwino kwambiri, chifukwa ili ndi cholesterol yocheperako.

Kuti muchepetse cholesterol ya plasma, muyenera kuyang'ana izi:

• kutsatira zakudya - osachepera 4 pa tsiku. Mautumiki azikhala ochepa. Zakudya zoyenera zimathandiza kupewa cholesterol plaques.
• kuphatikiza soya, nandolo, mafuta a masamba ndi buckwheat muzakudya, zomwe zimakhala ndi lecithin, wotsutsa wachilengedwe wa LDL;
• kudya tchizi tchizi, mbatata, cod, oat ndi buckwheat, wolemera mu lipotropic zinthu;
• kuphatikiza pa nyama zopanda nyama, muyenera kudya zakudya zam'nyanja - squid, nsomba zam'madzi, shrimp, mussels;
• Idyani zakudya za tsiku lililonse zomwe zimaphatikizapo mchere wa potaziyamu monga tchizi tchizi, nyemba, malalanje, apricots, udzu winawake, zoumba zoumba;
• onjezerani ku zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba zomwe muli vitamini C ndi R. Izi zikuphatikizapo mandimu, chiuno chamadzimadzi, letesi, malalanje, parsley, walnuts
• idyani masamba a masamba, omwe amapezeka mumadyera, masamba, mkate wakuda, zipatso ndi zipatso.

Kuphatikiza apo, ndi atherosulinosis yovuta kwambiri ndi kunenepa kwambiri, ndikofunikira kuchita masiku osala kudya kawiri pa sabata, zomwe zimathandizira kuti ntchito yodyetsa pakhale komanso kuwongolera thupi.

Phindu ndi zovuta za nkhuku zafotokozedwa mu kanema munkhaniyi.