Atherosulinosis ndi njira ya m'magazi yomwe imayambitsa kuthamanga kwa magazi komanso kusintha kwa mitsempha. Zodabwitsazi zimachitika chifukwa cha kuphwanya kwamafuta mu thupi ndi kapangidwe ka zolembedwa za atherosselotic pamakoma amitsempha yamagazi.
Cardiology sichimatanthauzira kuti ndi matenda omwe adadza palokha. Ichi ndi matenda, limodzi ndi zovuta zina zamatumbo ndi mtima. Nthawi zambiri, mitsempha ya popliteal, femal, coronary, ndi tibial imavutika nayo. Chimodzi mwazinthu zazikulu zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa ndi kuchuluka kwa lipoprotein m'magazi.
Cholesterol yokha siyingatengeke kudzera m'matumbo, chifukwa chake, pali mitundu iwiri yazinthu zomwe zimapangidwa mthupi zomwe zimadziwika kuti lipoproteins.
M'magazi, ali m'mitundu iwiri:
- Low Density Lipoproteins (LDL). Pazowoneka bwino, zimathandizira njira zambiri zothandiza, koma zochuluka kwambiri ndizowopsa kwa thupi la munthu, chifukwa zimatsogolera pakupanga mapepala komanso kupezeka kwa atherosclerosis.
- Ma lipoproteins okwera kwambiri amatha kusokoneza machitidwe onse a thupi. Kukwera kwawo m'magazi, kuli bwino.
Kuti thupi lizigwira ntchito bwino, kuyerekezera mitundu iwiri iyi ya cholesterol ndikofunikira. Ngati cholesterol "yoyipa" iposa yachilendo, njira za pathological zimachitika zomwe zimafuna chithandizo chamankhwala.
Matenda a atherosulinosis amatuluka nthawi zambiri kwathunthu kwa munthu, chifukwa chake, nthawi zambiri matendawa amapezeka m'magulu otsogola. Pofuna kuti izi zisachitike, muyenera kumawunikidwa pafupipafupi kuti mudzionere nokha.
Mukayamba kupita patsogolo kwambiri, kumakhala kovutirapo kuchiritsa kwake komanso kumabweretsa zovuta zingapo.
Chithandizo cha mankhwalawa chimaphatikizaponso njira yophatikizidwa, imapereka kusintha kosinthika m'moyo ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala.
Pali maupangiri apadera azachipatala omwe ayenera kutsatiridwa munthawi yonse ya chithandizo.
Malangizo azachipatala a atherosulinosis akuphatikiza njira zingapo zomwe zotsatira za chithandizo chokwanira zidzadalira.
Palibe malingaliro amodzi okha okhudzidwa ndi mtima omwe ayenera kunyalanyazidwa.
Pofuna kupewa zovuta za matendawa, muyenera kudziwa chomwe chimayambitsa matenda.
Choyamba, munthu amatha kupatula yekha zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa payekha.
Mwa zina mwazinthu zomwe zimakhala zofunikira kwambiri pakuchitika kwa matenda.
Zina mwa zifukwa zazikulu ndi izi:
- Mowa. Mowa uliwonse umakhala ndi vuto m'mitsempha ndi m'magazi, chifukwa chake kugwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zonse kumachepetsa kukula kwa makhoma a mitsempha, komanso kumakhudza minofu yamtima.
- Kusuta sikungakhudze kukula kwa matenda monga atherosulinosis, komanso kuonjezera ngozi zomwe zingayambitse matenda owopsa. Chifukwa chake, kusiya chizolowezi choyipa ichi, munthu amachepetsa mwayi wamatenda amtima ndi mitsempha yamagazi ndi 80%.
- Kudya zakudya zowononga zambiri zomwe zimakhala ndi mafuta ambiri azinyama.
- Mitundu ya chibadwa. Ngati wachibale wa munthu akudwala atherosulinosis, kapena magazi m'thupi, ayenera kumayezetsa kuchipatala pafupipafupi ndi kupewetsa ziwopsezo zina pamoyo.
- Kukhalapo kwa kunenepa kwambiri kumayendera limodzi ndi zovuta zina zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a atherosulinosis, kapena zovuta zofanana.
- Kukhalapo kwa mbiri ya matenda oopsa, kapena matenda oopsa pakuwonetsedwa kulikonse.
Chimodzi mwa zinthu ziyenera kuyambitsa kusintha ndi kuwunika pafupipafupi kuchipatala cha mtima.
Nthawi zambiri, kuti atherosulinosis ichitike, muyenera kukhala ndi zifukwa zingapo. Kuti thandizo liperekedwe munthawi yake, muyenera kudziwa zomwe sizitha kunyalanyazidwa.
Ngakhale nthendayi imadutsa mosazindikira, mu magawo omaliza mutha kuwona zambiri izi:
- kupweteka mutu pafupipafupi;
- kukoka kwamtima;
- lameness;
- kulemera m'miyendo;
- Chizungulire
- nseru
- kusanza
- kupuma movutikira
- thukuta;
- kupanikizika kosalekeza;
- matenda a mtima;
- kupweteka pachifuwa;
Zizindikirozi ndizofala ku mitundu yambiri ya atherosulinosis. Mwachitsanzo, kuwononga ma atherosulinosis a m'munsi yotsika kumadziwika ndi zovuta pakuyenda, kuuma. Nthawi zambiri nthambi imodzi imatupa, khungu limasintha mtundu. Zimakhala zovuta kuti munthu ayende mtunda wautali, ndipo pakapita nthawi, mtunda umangoyenda. Izi zimakhudzana mwachindunji ndi kukula kwa cholesterol plaques komanso kupezeka kwa matenda a ischemic.
Atherosulinosis obliterans imatha kukhala mwa anthu azaka zosiyanasiyana.
Malangizo azachipatala amaphatikizapo chithandizo chosagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
Popereka chithandizo cha matenda, munthu ayenera kutsatira malangizo a dokotala.
Njira zochizira zosagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa zimaphatikizapo: kutsatira zakudya zapadera za cholesterol yambiri, kuwonjezera zolimbitsa thupi, kusintha thupi, komanso kusiya zizolowezi zoyipa.
Mukamaliza kudya, wodwalayo ayenera kutsatira mfundo izi:
- osiyanasiyana zakudya;
- menyu ayenera kuthandiza kuteteza kulemera kwa wodwalayo;
- kuchuluka kwa kudya zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba zatsopano;
- kukana confectionery, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mkate wopanda tirigu;
- kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa nsomba pamenyu;
- kuwonjezera pazakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku Omega-3;
- kuchuluka kwa mafuta sikuyenera kupitirira 30% ya chakudya chonse;
Nthawi zina, muyenera kufunsa katswiri pa nkhani ya zakudya. Makamaka pafupipafupi, matenda a lipid metabolism amawonedwa mwa anthu omwe ali ndi thupi lochulukirapo. Chifukwa chake, makulidwe a kulemera amakhalanso ndi chithandizo chamankhwala, chomwe chidzathandizira ku kagayidwe kazachilengedwe a lipids ndi kusintha kwa mitundu yawo.
Kuwongolera thupi kumafunikiranso kupewa zovuta zomwe zingakhudze mtima wamtima.
Izi zitha kuchitika potsatira zakudya zapadera, zomwe zimapangidwa poganizira zomwe zimachitika mthupi la munthu komanso matendawa.
Kuti mukwaniritse izi, muyenera kuchotsa osachepera 10% ya kulemera koyambirira. Komanso, odwala onse omwe akudwala matenda omwe mtima wawo umadwala, amafunika kuwonjezera zolimbitsa thupi. Mwachilengedwe, izi ziyenera kuganizira zaka ndi momwe wodwalayo alili.
Ndikofunika kuwonjezera katundu pang'onopang'ono. Anthu omwe alibe matenda am'mtima amatha kupatsidwa masewera abwino kwambiri kwa iwo. Ulamuliro wa katundu uyenera kuvomerezedwa ndi katswiri.
Komanso, kusuta fodya kumaphatikizidwanso mu zovuta zamankhwala.
Katswiriyo ayenera kutsimikizira wodwalayo kusiya kusuta pogwiritsa ntchito algorithm:
- Kufunsa za kusuta.
- Kuyesa gawo la chizolowezi komanso kufunitsitsa kwa wodwala kusiya.
- Kukangana kusiya chikhalidwe.
- Thandizo lapadera pa izi, kuphatikizapo njira zamankhwala othandizira.
- Kuwunikiranso odwala pankhaniyi.
Njira ina yovomerezeka ndi kukana zakumwa zoledzeretsa.
Malangizo aku Russia othandizira atherosulinosis akuphatikizira kuvomerezedwa kwa mankhwala apadera. Amathandizira kuti magawo onse akhale mthupi la munthu komanso kayendedwe ka mafuta kagayidwe.
Mlingo ndi njira yothandizira imayikidwa ndi adokotala okha. Kwenikweni, chithandizo choterechi chimafotokozedwera ngati vuto la mankhwala osagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ndi anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha zovuta.
Mankhwala ayenera kumwedwa pokhapokha ndi njira zina zomwe zingachiritse matendawa.
Madokotala amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito atherosulinosis:
- GMK-CoA enzyme inhibitors (ma statins);
- sequestrants of bile acid (ma resins);
- nicotinic acid;
- michere ya michere;
- cholesterol mayamwidwe inhibitor.
Statin amathandizira kuchepetsa cholesterol m'magazi a anthu. Kuphatikiza pa lipid-kutsitsa, amathandizira kugwira ntchito kwa endothelium. Mlingo ndi njira yogwiritsira ntchito ziyenera kuyikidwa kokha ndi katswiri woyenera, kutengera mtundu wa thanzi la munthu. Zotsatira zoyipa za gulu la mankhwalawa zimaphatikizapo kudzimbidwa, kusefukira, komanso nthawi zina nseru. Kwenikweni, mankhwala amavomerezedwa ndi thupi. Izi zikachitika, muyenera kusintha mlingo.
Mlingo wa bile acid umaperekedwa kwa odwala omwe ali ndi zaka zopitilira 30. Popewa zovuta zam'mimba, anali mankhwalawa omwe adatsimikiza kugwira ntchito kwawo. Kukhazikitsidwa kwa ndalama zina kuyenera kuchitika kokha ndi dokotala. Zotsatira zoyipa zimaphatikizapo dyspepsia, kudzimbidwa. Nthawi zambiri, odwala amakana kuwatenga chifukwa cha kukoma kosasangalatsa. Nthawi zambiri zotchulidwa mankhwala ndi zofanana kusintha bwino mankhwala ndi kupewa mavuto.
Kugwiritsa ntchito kwa michere kumatsutsidwa chifukwa cha kukhudzidwa mtima kwa chiwindi, chomwe ndi chinthu chachikulu pakupanga cholesterol. Chifukwa cha njira zina, kuphatikiza kwawo kumawonjezera kuchuluka kwa lipoproteins yapamwamba. Amalandira makamaka mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya hyperlipidemia.
Nthawi zambiri, mankhwalawa amaloledwa bwino ndi odwala, koma nthawi zina pamakhala kudzimbidwa, kusefukira kwam'mutu, kupweteka mutu komanso nseru.
Pogwiritsa ntchito nthawi yayitali, ma fibrate amatha kuthana ndi bile.
Kuchepa kwa lipid kagayidwe ndi imodzi mwazinthu zazikulu pakupanga matenda a mtima ndi mtima.
Kuzindikira kwakanthawi ndimayendedwe a lipid metabolism kuti mupewe komanso kuthandizira atherosclerosis iyenera kukhala yofunika kwambiri, chifukwa munjira imeneyi ndizotheka kupewa zovuta za matenda, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimatha kupha.
Makamaka nthawi zambiri amadwala matenda a ubongo. Palibe vuto limodzi lachipatala lomwe linapha ndi kupezeka kwa katswiri pa nthawi yake. Kupewa kumathandizanso kwambiri m'matumbo athanzi.
Chimodzi mwazomwe zimathandizira ndikugwiritsa ntchito mafuta ochulukirapo a polyunsaturated. Omega-3 amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti matenda a metabolism abweretse thupi.
M'gawo la Russian Federation, Omacor wa mankhwala, omwe ali ndi izi, amalembetsedwa.
Kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa nthawi zonse kumachepetsa kuchuluka kwa triglycerides m'mwazi ndi 50%. Malinga ndi protocol, zinthu zina zomwe zili ndi zomwezo sizilimbikitsidwa kutengedwa chifukwa cha kuthekera kwa chiwongolero chokwanira, kupenda mwakuzama kwa kuyanjana ndi mankhwala ena othandizira. Ndizinthu izi zomwe zimatsitsa cholesterol ndikuthandizira kupewa kuwonekera kwa matenda a mtima. Kukhazikitsidwa kwa Omega-3 kumachitika nthawi zonse pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ena osagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kuphatikiza njira zamankhwala azikhalidwe.
Atherossteosis akufotokozedwa mu kanema munkhaniyi.
