Pali malingaliro kuti cholesterol ndi chinthu choyipa komanso chowopsa, koma kwenikweni izi sizowona. Cholesterol ndiyofunikira, ndi gawo limodzi la khungu lililonse m'thupi.
Ntchito za cholesterol ndizodzipatula kwa mathero amitsempha, kupanga mavitamini D kuchokera ku dzuwa, kuthandizira kuyamwa kwa mavitamini, ntchito ya chikhodzodzo. Popanda izi, makulidwe a mahormon sangatheke.
Cholesterol ndi 80% yopangidwa ndi thupi lokha (amkati), 20% yotsalayo ya munthu imalandira ndi chakudya (chakunja). Lipoprotein imatha kukhala yotsika (LDL) komanso yotsika kwambiri (HDL) cholesterol yabwino yolimbitsa thupi ndi zinthu zomanga maselo, zochulukirapo zimatumizidwanso ku chiwindi, komwe zimakonzedwa ndikuchotsedwa m'thupi.
Cholesterol wocheperachepera wocheperachepera ndende yowonjezera umayikidwa pamakoma amitsempha yamagazi, amapanga zolembera, ndipo amachititsa kuti magazi atuluke. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti chizindikiritso cha zinthu izi chizikhala mu mtundu wamba. Pachulukidwe kakang'ono lipoproteins amachititsa kulakwitsa kwa chithokomiro.
Kodi cholesterol imawoneka bwanji?
Kapangidwe ka cholesterol kumadalira kagwiridwe koyenera ka thupi, ngakhale pang'ono pang'onopang'ono, zochitika zosiyanasiyana za matenda ndi matenda zimayamba.
Kodi cholesterol imapangidwa bwanji m'thupi la munthu? Chiwindi ndi chomwe chimapangitsa kuti pakhale chinthu china ngati mafuta, ndiye chiwalo ichi chomwe ndichofunikira kwambiri kuti secretion ya high density lipoproteins.
Gawo laling'ono la cholesterol limapangidwa ndi maselo ndi intestine yaying'ono. Masana, thupi limatulutsa pafupifupi gramu imodzi ya chinthu.
Ngati cholesterol sikokwanira, mapangidwe ake a kapangidwe kamasokonekera, ma lipoproteins aku chiwindi amabwerera kuzungulira.
Tizigawo:
- amangosungunuka pang'ono pang'ono zamadzimadzi;
- matope obisika amunjenjemera pamakoma amitsempha;
- atherosclerotic zolembera mawonekedwe.
Popita nthawi, neoplasms imayambitsa kukula kwa matenda a mtima ndi kayendedwe kazungulire.
Popanga cholesterol yapamwamba kwambiri, zimachitika zosiyanasiyana. Mchitidwewo umayamba ndi kubisalira kwa mankhwala ena apadera a mvalonate, pomwe amvalonic acid amadzatulukira, omwe ndi ofunikira kwambiri mu kagayidwe.
Pokhapokha ndalama zokwanira zitulutsidwa, mapangidwe a isoprenoid adadziwika. Muli zambiri zachilengedwe. Kenako zinthuzo zimaphatikizidwa, squalene amapangidwa. Pambuyo pa kusinthidwa kukhala mankhwala a lanosterol, omwe amalowerera pazovuta zosiyanasiyana zamankhwala ndikupanga cholesterol.
Yokha, cholesterol satenga nawo mbali machitidwe a metabolic, chifukwa samatha kusungunuka m'madzi a m'magazi. Lipoprotein yoperekera ku cell yomwe ingafunike imatheka pokhapokha ataphatikizidwa ndi ma protein a protein.
Mitundu yayikulu ndi ntchito za cholesterol
Machitidwe othandizira magazi samadzaza ndi cholesterol, koma osakanikirana ndi lipoproteins. Pali mitundu itatu ya cholesterol m'thupi: okwera, otsika komanso otsika kwambiri. Cholesterol wotsika kwambiri komanso triglycerides amathanso kuteteza magazi ndi kuyambitsa mapangidwe a cholesterol. Amabisala m'misili yokhala ngati makhiristo, amadziunjikira ndikusokoneza kayendedwe ka magazi; kuchotsa ma neoplasms sikophweka.
Munthu amene ali ndi cholesterol yambiri, chiopsezo cha mtima wam'matumbo chimawonjezeka, madipoziti amachititsa chidwi cham'mimba. Zotsatira zake, kayendedwe ka magazi achilengedwe amasokonezeka, ziwalo zofunika zamkati zimavutika chifukwa chosowa magazi. Nthawi zina, kuchuluka kwa magazi kumawonjezeka, kupangika kumeneku komanso kuwonongeka kwawo kumayambitsa mitsempha yamagazi.
Mwa zina mwa ntchito ya cholesterol, kupereka kwa mahomoni ogonana, mwachitsanzo, testosterone, iyenera kuwonetsedwa. Ndi maziko omwe amapanga vitamini D, amateteza maselo ku zotsatira zoyipa za radicals yaulere. Thupi limagwira gawo lalikulu mu kagayidwe; kuperewera kwake kumayambitsa kusokonezeka kwa zomwe zimachitika mu ubongo.
Phindu limadza kokha ndi cholesterol yabwino, pomwe yoyipa imavulaza thupi la munthu. Ndi kuwonjezeka kwa kuchuluka kwa zinthu ngati mafuta, zovuta zowopsa ndi matenda zimayamba.
Mndandanda wa zifukwa zowonjezera cholesterol umaphatikizapo:
- kudya kwambiri;
- kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'zakudya;
- zizolowezi zoipa;
- kumwa mankhwala ena;
- chibadwa.
Zovuta pamapangidwe achilengedwe achilengedwe zimatha kuchitika chifukwa cha kusuta fodya komanso kumwa kwambiri mowa. Kapangidwe kavutoli kanapangidwanso motsutsana ndi maziko a matenda ena, kuphatikiza kulephera kwa impso, matenda oopsa, ma neoplasms, ma pancreatic pathologies.
Nthawi zambiri, kukula kwa cholesterol kumadziwika mwa odwala matenda a shuga. Anthu oterewa ali ndi kuchepa kwakanthawi kwa ma enzoni apancreatic, motero ndikofunikira kuti azitha kuyandikira kusankha zakudya.
Amayi ndi abambo angathe kuyang'anizana ndi kuphwanyidwa. Njira yopanga zinthu iyenera kuyang'aniridwa ndi madokotala. Ndikofunikira kumayesedwa pafupipafupi, makamaka:
- atakwanitsa zaka 30;
- pamaso pa chidwi cha matendawa;
- ndi matenda a shuga a 2.
Popeza paulendo, cholesterol imapukusidwa ndipo imasanduka molekyu yosakhazikika yomwe imalowa m'mitsempha yamagazi, madokotala amalimbikitsa kuti odwala matenda ashuga azigwiritsa ntchito zakudya zomwe zili ndi antioxidants. Antioxidant wodziwika bwino ndi ascorbic acid, yemwe amapezeka mumasamba ndi zipatso. Mavitamini E, Amakhala othandizira amphamvu oletsa kuphatikiza mafutawa.
Cholesterol chochepa ndi chizindikiro cha matenda oopsa: matenda amitsempha kumapeto, kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi, aimpso, kulephera kwa m'mapapo, matenda am'mafupa.
Kuchepa msanga kwa cholesterol ndi chikhalidwe cha sepsis, matenda apachimake, kupsa kwambiri.
Kutsika kwa zinthu kungakhale umboni wa zolakwika zakudya zopatsa thanzi pamene wodwala matenda ashuga amakonda kusala, kudya zakudya zopatsa chidwi, ndipo amadya asidi wochepa wa 3.
Njira Zodziwitsira
High cholesterol siyikupereka zizindikiro zenizeni, kotero njira yokhayo yomwe imathandizira kudziwa magawo a chinthucho ndi kuphatikizira kwa magazi. Kutengera ndi phunziroli, kuchuluka kwa mafuta ndi magawo ake, dokotalayo amalimbikitsa kuti wodwalayo aganizirenso moyo wake, momwe amadyera, kupereka mankhwala ena.
Kutengera pa kusanthula, kukula kwa mtima wamatenda a mtima, mwayi wokhala ndi matendawa ndi zovuta zake zimakhazikitsidwa. Kwambiri mafuta m'thupi, kumakhala pachiwopsezo cha matenda amtima.
Magazi amaperekedwa chifukwa cha cholesterol pamimba yopanda kanthu, tsiku lotsatira muyenera kutsatira zakudya zanu zamasiku onse. Kupenda kwazinthu zam'magazi kudzawonetsa mulingo wa:
- mkulu osalimba lipoproteins (zabwino);
- kachulukidwe kakang'ono (koyipa);
- cholesterol yathunthu;
- triglycerides (otsika kwambiri).
Kwa masiku atatu kusanachitike kupatula mowa, kusuta, lekani kumwa zowonjezera zamankhwala osokoneza bongo. Dokotala amayenera kunena kuti ndi wodwala uti yemwe amamwa mankhwala, mavitamini ndi michere. Kwa dokotala, chidziwitso chofunikira ndikugwiritsa ntchito ma fiber, ma statins, okodzetsa, mankhwala opha maantibayotiki.
Kuti mumvetsetsetsetse wa kukhala ndi atherosulinosis, muyenera kudziwa miyeso ya cholesterol, kotero, kupezeka kwachilengedwe kumadziwika ndi zisonyezo za chinthu:
- kachulukidwe kakakulu - pamwambapa 40 mg / dl;
- kachulukidwe kochepa - pansipa 130 mg / dl;
- okwanira osakwana 200 mg / dl;
- triglycerides - zosakwana 200 mg / dl.
Malinga ndi madotolo ena, ndikofunikira makamaka ngati chizindikiro cha cholesterol choyipa ndi triglycerides sichiri chochepa kwambiri.
Njirayi imangotenga mphindi zochepa, zotsatirapo zake zimatha kupezeka patatha maola angapo kapena tsiku lotsatira. Nthawi zina mungafunike kuchita kafukufuku wina wachiwiri wamagazi kuti mutsimikizire kapena kukanizani matendawo. Ndikofunika kuchita izi kuchipatala chomwecho, chifukwa m'mabotolo osiyanasiyana njira zofufuzira zimasiyana pang'ono.
Kapangidwe ndi kagayidwe ka cholesterol kofotokozedwera kanema munkhaniyi.
