Atherosclerosis ndi mtsogoleri pakuwonongeka kwa dongosolo lamagazi. Kuthamanga kwa kufalikira ndikodabwitsadi, ndipo matendawa omwewo kwa zaka zana limodzi akhala akutenga malo oyamba pakati pa zofunikira zakufa chifukwa cha matenda amtima.
Moyo wongokhala, kusachita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kuwononga mitsempha yamagazi, zakudya zopatsa mphamvu kwambiri komanso zakudya zamafuta ndi zina mwa zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa plaque. Kodi mungapewe bwanji vutoli, momwe mungachitire ndi kukhala nawo nthawi yayitali?
Kodi ndi chiani ndipo chifukwa chiyani chimatuluka?
Atherosulinosis ndi matenda omwe chizindikiritso chake chachikulu ndicho kufalikira kwa mapuloteni am'madzi mu minofu ndi zotanuka za zotengera zazikulu komanso zapakatikati.
Zotsatira za kudzikundikira kumeneku kudzakhala kuchepa kwa kufalikira kwa chotupa komanso kuthamanga kwake, komanso kupindika kwa lumen, kutsatiridwa ndi kuwonongeka kwa kayendedwe ka magazi ndi minyewa ya m'magazi.
Pali malingaliro awiri amakono a trigger limagwirira kusintha kwa atherosulinotic, omwe, ngakhale atakhala ndi mbiri yopitilira zaka zana zapitazo, sanaphunzirepo.
Chimodzi mwazomwe chikuwonetsa kuwonongeka kwa mbiriyakale ndi bakiteriya, mankhwala, mphamvu yakuthupi ndikusintha kwake kukhala lipid misa.
Lachiwiri likunena za kupezeka kwa ma receptor achilengedwe pama cell a endothelial, ndipo ngati munthu ali ndi majini ambiri, ndiye kuti matendawo amawonjezeka.
Kutengera ndi izi, zomwe zimayambitsa chiopsezo zidakhazikitsidwa - mawonekedwe a anthu omwe akukhala mowerengeka omwe angawonjezere mwayi wodwala.
Izi zikuphatikiza:
- Kukula kwa zakudya zamafuta ndi chakudya chamagulu ambiri m'zakudya. Zinthu izi ndizofunikira kuti thupi lizigwira ntchito moyenera, koma zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mopitilira muyeso, mankhwalawa alibe nthawi yoti asanduke mphamvu ndi metabolites, kudziunjikira ndikugwera dziwe lozungulira. Kuphatikiza apo, kuchuluka kwa ma lipids omwe amabwera mopikisana kumalepheretsa njira zawo zowonjezera, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikulidwe kwambiri.
- Zaka ndi jenda. Malinga ndi kafukufuku, amuna okulirapo kuposa zaka makumi anayi ndi omwe amakhudzidwa kwambiri. Izi ndichifukwa choti azimayi asanasiye kusamba, timadzi tamadzi timene timatulutsa ma cell, timene timakhala ndi anti-sclerosing. Age imakhudzanso zochita za ma antioxidant osungira komanso kusinthasintha kwa chotengera, chifukwa munthu akamakula, ulusi wocheperako wa collagen amakhala nawo.
- Matenda a shuga. Monga kuphwanya kwamphamvu kwa kagayidwe kazakudya, matenda a shuga sangathe kukhudza kagayidwe ka mafuta, omwe "amawotcha" kuchokera ku lawi la saccharides. Boiler ya metabolic imasefukira chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa mayankho onse okhudzana ndi kuzungulira kwa mphamvu. Chifukwa cha izi, zinthu zambiri zosakonzedwa bwino komanso zinthu zapakatikati zimalowa m'madzi a m'magazi. Zina mwazomwezo ndi mafuta a trans ndi cholesterol yoyipa.
- Zofooka zolimbitsa thupi komanso kupsinjika. Moyo wongokhala, komanso kupsinjika tsiku ndi tsiku, sitingathe kuwona. Zomwe zimapangidwira kuchokera pakati pa vasomotor Center zimasokonekera, mphamvu ya ma myocardial contractions imafooka ndipo minyewa yamitsempha yama cell. Pambuyo pang'onopang'ono kukhala lotayirira, sikofunikira kuyembekezera kukhululuka kwa nthawi yayitali.
Poyamba, kusintha kwamkati pamtima sikungawoneke kwakukulu, popanda maikulosikopu. Koma ndi kusanthula kwa histochemical, kutupa kwa endothelium, kuwonjezeka kwa kupezeka kwa mawonekedwe awo, kumaonekera. Kenako mafuta ndi cholesterol, chifukwa cha kusakhazikika kwa lipoproteins yapamwamba komanso yotsika, amathamangira mu cell ndikudzaza, ikukula.
Tsopano ndi mawonekedwe opaka mafuta ambiri omwe sangathe kuyankha mokwanira kumalamulo ochokera kumwamba. Dera linalake likadzaza ndi cholesterol yomwe imalowetsedwa, malo achikasu kapena mawonekedwe ake - gawo la lipid layamba.
Kuyambira pano, madokotala amalankhula za kupanga kwa atherosulinotic embolus.
Ndi mitundu yanji yomwe ilipo?
Tsopano chitukuko cha matenda a pathological amatha kupita mosiyanasiyana. Mafuta, kudziunjikira, amapanga mawonekedwe osanjikiza ndi chidindo ndikutseka njira.
Nthawi zambiri, fibrin ndi mapulateleti amadziunjikira mozungulira momwe matendawa amayendera, omwe amachepetsa mphamvu ya chubu la organic kunyamula zomwe zili mkati mwake.
Zofewa zofikira. Imatha kuyambitsa mavuto atheromatous - kupatukana kapena zilonda zam'mimba.
Njira yachiwiri yachitukuko ndikuwerengera, ndiye kuti, mkati mwa tsambalo mukadzaza mchere wamchere.
Zoyala zamatumbo a calcined zimatha kutaya mgwirizano, zimakhala zopanda mphamvu ndipo zimatha kuphulika.
Khoma lotupa limalepheretsa kwathunthu kayendedwe ka magazi.
Chikalacho ndicholimba komanso chachikulu, chovuta kuchiza. Mitundu yotere ya ma atherosselotic plaques pa ultrasound imadziwika mosavuta.
Mwa kukhazikika, kukana kwa misozi:
- Kukhazikika kochepa. Mtunduwu umapereka chithunzi cha mawonekedwe ake ofanana ndi chilengedwe, chifukwa chake sichitha kusiyanitsidwa ndi ultrasound, yomwe imasokoneza zida zothandizira kudziwa zinthu. Kukhala ndi chipolopolo chopyapyala komanso chopindika, chokhala ndi madzimadzi, kuwira kumatha kuphulika pakukula kulikonse kwa magazi, komwe kumabweretsa hemorrhage, mu msempha - kupita ku aneurysm yachiwiri ndi kudwala boma.
- Kukhazikika kwapakatikati. Kubwezeretsa m'makulidwe owunikira sikunachitikebe, koma ndi olemera mu fibrin ndipo ali ndi mapulateleti ambiri. Ndi mtundu uwu womwe ungayambitse pulmonary thromboembolism, m'mimba pang'onopang'ono ndi blockage ya arteriamesenterica, ndi zovuta zina zowopsa. Kuphatikiza apo, chifukwa cha kapangidwe kake kokhazikika, imabwerekera ku mankhwala ndipo imapezeka.
- Khazikika. Chofunikira kwambiri pamapangidwewa ndi collagen ouma chifukwa cha makhwala a Ca2 +. Pafupifupi satenga kuthamanga kwa magazi, alibe mphamvu. Imayesedwa modabwitsa, ngakhale kuti imakhala gawo lalikulu la chotengera, zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuyesa kukula kwake ndi ultrasound.
Mitundu iwiri yamapangidwe imasiyanitsidwa ndi kapangidwe. Chopanda chopanda pake. Izi zikutanthauza kuti kapangidwe kake ndi kopangirako, sikokhala ndi inclusions ndipo sikulowetsedwa ndi ma capillaries, sikakamizidwa ndi khoma. Nthawi zambiri awa amakhala achichepere, ngakhale mawonekedwe omwe ndi osavuta kuchiritsa ndi matenda oyenera.
Chopanga zolengedwa. Chipilala chopangidwa ndi matanthwe omwe amapangitsa kuti mavutowa apezeke.
Ndikosavuta kuchotsa, nthawi zambiri amasintha kukhala zilonda ndi zotupa, ndipo amakula msanga chifukwa cha trophism yabwino ya capillaries yomwe idaphukira kudzera pamenepo.
Zizindikiro ndi zotsatira za chitukuko cha matenda
Choyamba, wodwalayo ayenera kumvetsera zaumoyo wake, zomwe akumva, ndipo pamaziko awa, afunsane ndi katswiri kuti athetse vuto lakelo.
Kuwonetsera kwakukulu kwapakati pa atherosulinosis kunaphunziridwa, ndipo aliyense wa iwo ali ndi zizindikiro zake, mndandanda wa mankhwala a pharmacopeia umasiyana.
Kukhazikika kwawomwe kwamaphunziro kumatha kupezeka pokhapokha kuyesa kwa ultrasound.
Ngati mapangidwe a calcified ali ochulukirapo mu aorta, ndiye kuti mphamvu zake zowonjezera mphamvu zimachepa kwambiri, ndipo kuthamanga kwa magazi kumakwera, makamaka diastolic. Odwala otere amadandaula za mutu, tinnitus, "ntchentche" patsogolo pa maso, kufupika ngati mawonekedwe a kulephera kwa mtima. Zotsatira zake zitha kukhala kuchuluka kwa magazi m'magazi am'munsi, kuwonongeka kwa ziwalo, komanso impso.
Matumbo mawonekedwe a chitukuko cha kukonzanso mwamphamvu kwa ziwiya za dziwe la carotid ndi mafupa am'mitsempha, pomwe akuwonjezera kukakamira kwina, wodwala akudwala, kukumbukira kumasokonezeka, kugona, kugwirizanitsa. Zotsatira zowopsa ndi sitiroko ya ischemic. Komanso mchere wamkaka umatha kukhumudwitsa carotid sinus yomwe imalowetsedwa ndi ma receptors, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magazi azikhala ochepa komanso asamagwire ntchito yambiri.
Kukula kwa matenda a mtima mu mtima kumamveka ndi munthu ngati kupweteka kwamphamvu ndi radiation kupita kudzanja lamanzere, tsamba lamapewa, ndi nsagwada. Mawonetsedwe oterewa ndi mawonekedwe a kugonjetsedwa, kuphatikizidwa kwa mitsempha yamanja kumanzere kwakumanja komwe kumadyetsa mtima, komanso stenosis ya ma valves ossified.
Ngati mankhwalawa amathandizidwa pokhapokha ngati akuwoneka kuti ali ndi vuto linalake, ndipo izi zimapangitsa kuti pakhale ntchito yayikulu kwambiri m'magawo a mtima.
Chithandizo ndi kupewa matenda
Chithandizo chilichonse cha atherosulinosis cha ziwiya chimayamba ndi matenda oyenera. Pankhani ya nthenda inayake, kuvomerezedwa ndi ma ultrasound, dopplerografia, mwina MRI ndi CT angiography amalembedwa. Kusanthula kwamkodzo kwamkodzo ndi magazi kumachitidwanso pa mbiri ya LDL ndi HDL. Pomwe vuto lenileni likhazikitsidwa, litha kukhala ngati chithandizo chamankhwala.
Mulingo wa golide pochiza matenda a atherosulinosis ndi ma statin - mankhwalawa omwe m'magawo osiyanasiyana amachedwetsa kuchepa kwa cholesterol, kuwononga, ndikuwonjezera kuyimitsidwa. Pakati pawo, Simvastatin, Atorvastatin, Lovastatin, Pravastatin ndi ena.
Kuphatikiza pa iwo, mankhwalawa amadziwitsa kuti aletse kuyamwa kwa cholesterol chifukwa cha mayamwidwe ake - Cholestyramine, Enterosgel, Colestipol. Kuti muchepetse mtima ngati chubu ya mtima, mavitamini (C, rutin, A, E), antioxidants, ndi angioprotectors amasonyezedwa. M'magawo aposachedwa, pakuchotsa opaleshoni ya malo enaake ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito, kuyambitsa baluni yapadera kuti muwonjezere lumen.
Njira zodzitetezera zimaphatikizapo kudya zakudya zolimbitsa thupi, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi momwe mungathere, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala azitsamba m'chiuno mwa rose, kusiya zizolowezi zoipa, kumwa zitsamba, masamba ambiri.
Momwe ma cholesterol plaques amafotokozedwera muvidiyoyi.
