SHUGA WOWERENGEKA KOMANSO WOPINDIKA

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Kodi chiphuphu cha shuga ndi chiyani?

Kubwezera matendawa kumatanthauza kuyandikira kwakukwanira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kukhala chinthu chofunikira komanso kuchepetsa ziwonetsero zina za matendawa.

M'malo mwake, kukhala bwino kwa munthu wokhala ndi mtundu wopindulitsa wa shuga sikusiyana ndi kwa anthu athanzi. Chifukwa chake, chiopsezo chotenga zovuta pamilandu iyi ndizochepa.

Malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa chipukuta, shuga mellitus agawika magawo atatu:

kulipidwa - Zizindikiro zonse za metabolic zili pafupi kwambiri ngati momwe zingathere, chiopsezo chokhala ndi zovuta zocheperako ndizochepa, moyo waumoyo umavutika pang'ono - uwu ndi mtundu wosavuta wa matendawa;
zoperekedwa - gawo lapakatikati, kuwonjezeka kwa zizindikiro, chiopsezo chokulirapo kwamatenda komanso mavuto aposachedwa - maphunziro olimbitsa thupi;
zopindika - kupatuka kwakukulu kwa zizindikiro kuchokera ku chizolowezi, chiopsezo chachikulu chokhala ndi zovuta zamtundu uliwonse, moyo wamunthu umakhudzidwa kwambiri - njira yoopsa ya matendawa, kudwala koyipa.

Ndi matenda amtundu wa 2, monga lamulo, ndizosavuta kulipira ngongole yayikulu, makamaka koyambirira kwa chitukuko cha matendawa, ndikuwasunga kwa nthawi yayitali.

Kuti izi zitheke, odwala amafunika kupendedwa pafupipafupi ndikupanga mayeso ofunikira.

Malipiro Othandizira

Glucose kapena shuga m'magazi, kuchuluka kwake komwe kumayeza pamimba yopanda kanthu, ndi chimodzi mwazofunikira kwambiri za njira yolondola ya kagayidwe m'thupi. Mwa anthu athanzi, chizindikirocho chimachokera ku 3.3-5.5 mmol / L.
Glucose kulolera mayeso a shuga Nthawi zambiri zimachitika mkati mwa maola awiri wodwala atatha kugwiritsa ntchito shuga. Kuphatikiza pa kuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa chindapusa cha matenda ashuga, chitha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito pozindikira anthu omwe ali ndi vuto lolephera glucose (omwe amatchedwa prediabetes state, gawo lapakati pakati pa chizolowezi ndi kuyambika kwa matendawa). Mwa anthu athanzi, sizidutsa 7.7 mmol / L.
Zomwe zili ndi glycated (glycolised) hemoglobin chosonyezedwa ndi HbA1c ndi kuyesedwa peresenti. Akuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa mamolekyulu a hemoglobin omwe alumikizana molimba ndi mamolekyu a glucose, ofanana ndi hemoglobin yonse. Amawonetsa glucose wapakati pamayezi pafupifupi atatu. Mwaumoyo, ndi 3-6%.
Glucose, kapena shuga wapezeka mkodzo, ikuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwake m'magazi kuposa kupitirira kovomerezeka (8.9 mmol / l), komwe impso zimatha kuwusefa. Nthawi zambiri, shuga mumkodzo sachotsedwa.
Cholesterol (tikulankhula za cholesterol "choyipa" chotsika kwambiri) chimadaliranso mwachindunji ku kuwopsa kwa matenda ashuga. Kutsika kwake kwamphamvu kumawononga thanzi la mitsempha yamagazi. Kwa anthu athanzi, phindu la chizindikiro sichidutsa 4 mmol / L.
Triglycerides - gulu lapadera la lipids, lomwe ndimapangidwe amthupi ndi mphamvu ya thupi, limagwiranso ntchito ngati kuchuluka kwa mtima kwamatenda a shuga. Mwa anthu athanzi, amasiyanasiyana pamitundu yambiri, koma kwa odwala matenda ashuga, zomwe zimawonedwa kuti sizapamwamba kuposa 1.7 mmol / L.
Mlozera waukulu imakhala ngati yowonetsera kuchuluka kwa kunenepa kwambiri, komwe nthawi zambiri kumayambitsa matenda amtundu wa 2. Kuti muwerengere, kulemera kwa thupi (kg) kumagawidwa ndi mraba wa kukula (m). Nthawi zambiri, mtengo uwu suyenera kupitilira 24-25.
Kupsinjika kwa magazi mosawerengeka amawonetsa gawo la matendawa ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyesa momwe wodwalayo alili palimodzi ndi magawo ena. Kukhalapo kwa matenda ashuga kumakhudza mitsempha ya magazi, chifukwa chake, ndi kuwonongeka kwa chipukutiro, monga lamulo, kupanikizika kumakulanso. Masiku ano, kupanikizika kwabwinobwino kumatengedwa ku 140/90 mm RT. Art.

Mfundo za zisonyezozi, zomwe zimapangidwira gawo lina la chiphuphu, zimaperekedwa pagome.

Zizindikiro	Kuchulukitsa kwamalipiro
Zizindikiro	shuga wolipidwa	shuga wowonjezera	shuga wowonjezera
Mwazi wamagazi ("kusanthula kwanjala")	4.4-6.1 mmol / L	6.2-7.8 mmol / L	> 7.8 mmol / L
Mwazi wamagazi (mayeso a shuga)	5.5-8 mmol / L	mpaka 10 mmol / l	> 10 mmol / l
Hba1c	<6,5%	6,5-7,5%	>7,5%
Shuga wa mkodzo	0%	<0,5%	>0,5%
Cholesterol	<5.2 mmol / l	5.2-6.5 mmol / L	> 6.5 mmol / l
Triglycerides	<1.7 mmol / l	1.7-2.2 mmol / L	> 2.2 mmol / l
Mlozera wamasamba aamuna	<25	25-27	>27
Mndandanda wamawu amthupi azimayi	<24	24-26	>26
Kupsinjika kwa magazi	<140/85 mmHg Art.	<160/95 mmHg Art.	> 160/95 mmHg Art.

* M'magawo osiyanasiyana, zomwe zidziwitso za patebulopo zingasiyane pang'ono.

Kodi mungakwaniritse bwanji bwino?

Nthawi zambiri, kuti mupeze bwino matenda a shuga a 2, ndikokwanira kutsatira malamulo angapo okhudzana ndi kadyedwe, moyo wake komanso zolimbitsa thupi popanda kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala. Pansipa pali ena a iwo

kusiyiratu zakudya zopatsa shuga, zonunkhira, ufa (kupatula wholemeal), mafuta ndi zakudya zamchere zazakudya;
kugwiritsa ntchito zakudya yokazinga ndikosayenera kwenikweni; ndikofunikira kudya makamaka yophika, yophika kapena yophika mbale;
kudya nthawi zambiri komanso m'magawo ang'onoang'ono;
kukhalabe ndi zopatsa mphamvu zopatsa mphamvu ndikutha;
dzipatseni nokha katundu wokwanira;
Pewani zochitika zovuta;
musayesetse kugwira ntchito mopitilira muyeso, samalani kugona komanso kukhala maso.

Ngati malingaliro awa sakwanira kulipirira kwathunthu matendawa, odwala amawonjezeranso mankhwala omwe amachepetsa shuga. Matendawa akamakula, jakisoni wa insulini angafunike.

Mwachiwonekere, odwala omwe ali ndi mtundu uliwonse wa matenda a shuga, komanso anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo (omwe apezeka ndi kulolera kwa glucose kapena cholowa chowonjezereka), ayenera kuyang'anira pawokha thanzi lawo, kuyeserera pafupipafupi ndikuyang'ana ndi adokotala.

Kuphatikiza pa othandizira ndi endocrinologist, ndikofunikira kuyendera pafupipafupi maofesi a cardiologist, mano ndi dermatologist kuti mupewe kapena kuzindikira panthawi yake kukula kwa zovuta zowopsa.

Kumbukirani kuti kuzindikira za matenda ashuga kwasiya kale kumveka ngati chiganizo. Zachidziwikire, amaletsa zoletsa zingapo pa wodwala, komabe, zonse ndizotheka. Potsatira mosamalitsa malingaliro omwe ali pamwambapa, kuchuluka ndi chiyembekezo cha moyo wa odwala amakhalabe pamlingo wokwanira.

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