Hemoglobin ndi chinthu chomwe chimapezeka m'magazi ndipo chimayang'anira ntchito yogawa oxygen m'thupi lonse. Ndi hemoglobin yomwe imapanga magazi ofiira - izi zimachitika chifukwa cha zomwe chitsulo chili momwemo.
Hemoglobin ndi gawo lamaselo ofiira a magazi - tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta magazi. Glucose amatenga nawo mbali popanga hemoglobin. Njirayi ndi yayitali, popeza maselo ofiira a magazi amapangidwa pakatha miyezi itatu. Zotsatira zake, hemoglobin ya glycated (glycosylated) imapezeka, yomwe imawonetsa kuchuluka kwa glycemia koposa miyezi 3.
Kuti mudziwe mulingo wanu, muyenera kukayezetsa magazi mwapadera. Tsoka ilo, ngati mayesowa akuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa glycogemoglobin, ndiye kuti izi zikuwonetsa kukhalapo kwa matenda a shuga, ngakhale atakhala ofatsa ndipo osadziwika pa siteji iyi, osadzetsa vuto. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuti mumvetsetse m'mene mungasinthire izi molondola komanso zomwe muyenera kudziwa kuti mupewe zovuta.
Kodi glycogemoglobin ndi chiyani?
Glycated hemoglobin ndi molekyu ya hemoglobin yolumikizidwa ndi glucose. Ndi pamaziko a zisonyezo zake kuti titha kunena kuti pali matenda monga matenda a shuga.
Mlingo wa hemoglobin wa glycated umatha kupereka chidziwitso pazambiri za shuga m'miyezi iwiri yapitayi, ndichifukwa chake anthu omwe ali ndi matenda monga matenda a shuga ayenera kukhala ndi ndondomeko nthawi ino.
Izi zikuthandizani kuwunika momwe mankhwalawo amathandizira ndikuzindikira kusintha kwakanthawi kuti muchepetse zovuta. Mokulira kuchuluka kwa glycogemoglobin, nthawi zambiri kumakhala kuchuluka kwa glycemia m'miyezi yaposachedwa, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti chiopsezo chokhala ndi matenda ashuga komanso kukhala ndi matenda othandizanso chikukula.
Pokhala ndi zambiri za hemoglobin yokhala ndi glycosylated, zotsatirazi zingathandize kuteteza vuto:
- mankhwala a insulin;
- kuchepetsa mankhwala osokoneza bongo monga mapiritsi;
- zakudya mankhwala.
Kuwunika kwa hemoglobin ya glycated kumathandizira kuti adziwe zoyenera komanso kuti adziwe matenda a shuga, mosiyana ndi muyeso wokhazikika ndi glucometer, omwe amawonetsa zomwe zili ndi shuga panthawi ya njirayi.
Ndani akufuna magazi a HbA1c?
Maupangiri wofufuza ngati awa ndiwololedwa kupatsidwa ndi madotolo osiyanasiyana, ndipo mutha kupita inunso mu labotale yofufuza.
Dokotalayo amapereka chidziwitso pazochitika zotsatirazi:
- ngati mukukaikira
matenda a shuga; - kuyang'anira njira yamankhwala;
- kupereka mankhwala ena;
- kuwunika zochita za metabolic mthupi;
- mukanyamula mwana (ngati mukukayikira za matenda ashuga).
matenda a shuga;Koma chifukwa chachikulu ndikupezeka kwa matenda ashuga, pakakhala zizindikiro:
- kamwa yowuma
- kufunikira kowonjezereka kopita kuchimbudzi;
- kusintha kwa mkhalidwe;
- kutopa kwakukulu ndi kulimbitsa thupi pang'ono.
Kodi ndingapeze kuti kusanthula? Kuyesedwa kwa hemoglobin ya glycated kumatha kuchitika kuchipatala chilichonse kapena kuchipatala chayekha, kusiyana kwake kungakhale mu mtengo ndi mtundu wa ntchito. Pali mabungwe achinsinsi kuposa boma, ndipo izi ndizothandiza kwambiri, ndipo simuyenera kudikirira. Nthawi ya kafukufukuyu itha kukhala yosiyana.
Ngati mukusanthula pafupipafupi izi, ndiye kuti muyenera kulumikizana ndi chipatala chimodzi kuti zitheke kuwunikira bwino zotsatira zake, chifukwa chida chilichonse chili ndi cholakwika chake.
Kukonzekera malamulo
Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti zilibe kanthu kuti kusanthula kumeneku kudzaperekedwa pamimba yopanda kanthu kapena ayi, chifukwa zotsatira za kafukufuku sizidalira izi.
Musanapite kuchipatala, mutha kumwa khofi kapena tiyi mosamala. Nthawi zambiri, mawonekedwe okhala ndi zizindikiro sangaperekedwe pasanadutse masiku atatu antchito.
Wothandizira labotale ayenera kutenga pafupi-fupi mamilimita atatu a magazi kuchokera kwa wodwala.
Zotsatirazi sizimagwira nawo gawo polemba mayeso a hemoglobin wa glycated:
- psycho-mtima maziko a wodwalayo;
- nthawi ya tsiku ndi chaka;
- kumwa mankhwala.
Zotsatira zakufukufuku zingakhudzidwe ndi:
- kutaya magazi (kuchuluka kwakukulu);
- kuthira magazi;
- kusamba.
Zikatero, madokotala amalimbikitsa kuti aziika kaye magazi m'malo kwakanthawi.
Pomaliza, hemoglobin wa glycated amasonyezedwa ngati HbA1c.
Mfundo zake zitha kufotokozedwa motere:
- mmol / l
- mg / dl
- kuchuluka.
Makhalidwe abwinobwino a glycosylated hemoglobin
Kuti mumvetsetse zomwe zikuyenera kukhala, muyenera kumvetsetsa zomwe zikugwirizana ndi ichi.
Zotsatira zimatengera:
- zaka
- jenda
- thupi.
Kusiyana kwakukulu pazomwezo ndi zosiyana zaka. Kukhalapo kwa matenda olumikizana kapena kutenga pakati kumakhudzanso.
Mulingo wambiri mwa% mwa anthu ochepera zaka 45:
- zabwinobwino <6.5;
- zokhutiritsa - 6.5-7;
- kuchuluka> 7.
Zomwe zimachitika mu% mwa anthu pambuyo pa zaka 45:
- zabwinobwino <7;
- zokhutiritsa - 7-7.5;
- kuchuluka> 7.5.
Nthawi zambiri%% mwa anthu atatha zaka 65:
- zabwinobwino <7.5;
- zokhutiritsa - 7.5-8;
- kuchuluka> 8.
Komanso, ngati zotsatira zake zili mulingo wamba, osadandaula. Mtengo ukakhala wokhutiritsa, ndiye kuti muyenera kuchita nawo zaumoyo wanu. Ngati mawonekedwe ali ndi zambiri, ndiye kuti muyenera kufunsa dokotala, mwina muli ndi matenda a shuga.
Zambiri mu% pa mimba:
- zabwinobwino <6;
- zokhutiritsa - 6-6.5;
- kuchuluka> 6.5.
Ngati zotsatira za kusanthula kuli <5.7%, ndiye kuti palibe vuto ndi mayamwidwe am'madzi, ndipo ndi chisonyezo cha 5.7-6% ndikofunikira kuganizira za thanzi, chifukwa chiopsezo chodwala matenda ashuga ndichokwera kwambiri. Sizowawa kupitiliza kudya zakudya zamafuta ochepa.
Ngati mayi yemwe ali pamwambowu ali ndi glycated hemoglobin wa 6.1-6.5%, ndiye kuti muyenera kuyang'ananso kudya kwanu, kuyamba moyo wathanzi, chifukwa chizindikiro ichi chikuwonetsa kuti ali ndi vuto lotenga matenda a shuga.
Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga mellitus, chizindikiro ichi chimatha kukhala 6.5-8.5%.
Norm%% ya matenda ashuga:
- Mtundu 1 <6.5;
- Mitundu 2 <7;
- mwa amayi apakati <6.
Makanema pazinthu za glycogemoglobin m'magazi:
Kodi chizindikiritso chokwanira kapena chochepetsedwa chimatanthawuza chiyani?
Ngati mndandanda wazidziwitso wa glycated hemoglobin uposa zomwe zili zovomerezeka, ndiye kuti izi sizitanthauza kuti wodwala ali ndi matenda a shuga. Koma mutha kunena motsimikiza kuti kagayidwe kazakudya kamphamvu kwambiri.
Kukhalapo kwa matenda kumatha kutsimikiziridwa ndi dokotala, mungafunike kuyesa zowonjezereka kuti musatenge mitundu ina yazomwe thupi limachita.
Zimachitika kuti hemoglobin wa glycated amatha kutsika kwambiri kuposa masiku onse. Chodabwitsachi chimatchedwa hypoglycemia, chomwe chimapezeka m'matenda ambiri, kuphatikizapo khansa ya kapamba, yomwe imapangitsa kutulutsidwa kwa insulin m'magazi.
Mwanjira imeneyi, kuchuluka kwa insulini kumachepetsa shuga, zomwe zimayambitsa hypoglycemia.
Njira zochepetsera HbA1c
Pankhani ya HbA1c yowonjezereka, kufunsira kwa katswiri ndi katswiri ndikofunikira, yemwe angadziwe njira zamankhwala ndikupereka mankhwala ofunikira.
Monga njira yochepetsera magazi a glycemia, ndikofunikira kuwonetsa kudya kwamankhwala. Zambiri zimatengera chakudya choyenera, pankhaniyi ndikofunikira kusankha zakudya zamafuta ochepa.
Iyenera kutsatira malangizo awa pakudya:
- sankhani zakudya zoyenera;
- Gawani zakudya m'magawo ang'onoang'ono, ndibwino kudya pang'ono maola awiri aliwonse;
- idyani pang'onopang'ono (thupi liyenera kuzolowera ndikumvetsetsa kuti sipadzakhala kuchedwa pakati pa chakudya);
- idyani masamba ndi zipatso zambiri;
- yambitsani nthochi ndi nyemba mu chakudya chanu;
- ndikofunikira kuwonjezera mkaka ndi mkaka;
- menyu azioneka mtedza ndi nsomba zodontha;
- sinamoni ikhoza kuwonjezeredwa kuchokera ku zonunkhira;
- kumwa madzi ndikuchotsa koloko;
- Zakudya zamafuta ndi zopatsa mphamvu zambiri ziyenera kuyiwalika, chifukwa zimawononga thupi.
Ngati ndizovuta kukhazikitsa nokha zakudya, ndiye kuti muyenera kulumikizana ndi katswiri wazakudya yemwe angakuthandizeni kupanga menyu omwe akukuyenererani.
Ndikofunika kuyang'anira chidwi chanu. Ndikofunikira kuyambitsa zolimbitsa thupi mokhazikika.
Zimatsimikiziridwa kuti kusewera masewera kumawonjezera kwambiri kagayidwe ndipo kumalimbikitsa kuyamwa kwa zakudya zamatumbo. Sichabwino kuti muzidzigwira nokha, koma muyenera kuchita zolimbitsa thupi pang'ono, osachepera theka la ola.
Kupsinjika ndi chisangalalo kumathandizanso kuopsa kwa matenda ashuga, chifukwa chake ngati mumatentha kwambiri komanso osagwiritsa ntchito nkhawa, ndiye kuti muyenera kuthana ndi vuto lanu lachipwirikiti. Kungakhale koyenera kuyamba kukhazikika pansi.
Musaiwale kuonana ndi dokotala yemwe angakuthandizeni ndi upangiri ndi malangizo othandiza.
