Echogenicity ndi imodzi mwazinthu zomwe zimakhala ndizophunzirira zomwe zimaphunziridwa ndi ultrasound diagnostics. Chizindikiro ichi chimakupatsani mwayi wowunika kukula kwa chiwalo, ndipo ngati mutapendekera mbali imodzi, kufunsidwa kwa akatswiri ndikofunikira. Pomaliza, adokotala atha kuwonetsa kuti kuphatikizika kwa kapamba kumachulukanso. Tanthauzo la kapangidwe kameneka lifotokozedwa pansipa.
Mtengo wa echogenicity
Kuunika kwa Ultrasound kumakhazikitsidwa pa mfundo za echolocation - kuthekera kwa minofu kuwonetsa ultrasound. Panthawi ya njirayi, dokotala amawona chithunzi chakuda ndi choyera, chifukwa ziwalo zosiyanasiyana zimawonetsa mafunde a ultrasound m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Tsitsi lonyalalo, limawoneka bwino.
Ngati pali madzimadzi mkati mwa limba (ndulu ndi chikhodzodzo), ndiye kuti chithunzi chake chimakhala chakuda. Chifukwa chake, lingaliro lachilendo pamagulu osiyanasiyana limapangidwa motsutsana. Dokotala wodziwitsa za matenda anu amayenera kudziwa chomwe chimayenera kukhala chiwalo china, ndipo nthawi yomweyo amazindikira kusintha.
Mukamayesa kuchuluka kwa khunyu ya pancreatic parenchyma, ndiye kuti ndimayerekezera ndi chiwindi, chomwe chimakhala ngati zitsanzo. Nthawi zambiri, ziwalozi zimakhala ndi kufanana kwamwini, apo ayi titha kuganiza za chitukuko cha matenda.
Komabe, ziyenera kudziwika kuti kusiyanitsa pang'ono kwakubvomerezeka. Ngati wodwalayo sakudandaula za chilichonse, ndipo palibenso zizindikiro zina zopatuka, ndiye kuti izi zimawerengedwa. Kuphatikiza apo, mapangidwe a chinthu ndi zopanga zake amakumbukiridwadi.
Nthawi zambiri, kapangidwe kake ka ziwalo zake ndi kachulukidwe. Ngati pali malingaliro ena ochokera kunja omwe alipo, izi zimasonyezedwanso mu lipoti la ultrasound. Mahinji osasintha a kapamba amathanso kuwonetsa kukula kwa chotupa.
Ngati kapamba ndiwabwinobwino, ndiye kuti mawu oti "isoechogenicity" amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofotokozerako, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti ndi gawo limodzi.
Lipomatosis ndi njira yosasinthika yosinthira maselo a pancreatic athanzi kukhala mafuta
Zokhudza thupi
Kuchulukana kwa kapamba kumatha kukhala wamba (koyang'ana) kapena kupatsanso. Kusintha kovuta kumatha kuyambitsa zinthu monga kusintha kwakuthwa kwa zakudya, zakudya zolimba kapena chakudya chambiri musanayambe phunzirolo. Kusokoneza pazotsatira nthawi zambiri kumawonedwa mu nyengo inayake - monga lamulo, kuchuluka kwa echo kumawonjezeka panthawi yopanda nyengo, kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira.
Hyperechoogenicity yolimbitsa thupi itha kuyambitsanso matenda opatsirana. Kuphatikiza apo, kuwonjezeka pang'ono kwa echogenicity ya kapamba ndizachilendo kwa anthu okalamba. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kukalamba kwa thupi komanso kuchepa pang'ono kwa maselo am'mimba omwe ali ndi madzimadzi.
Zomwe zimayambitsa
Kapangidwe kamene kamasinthasintha kumatha kukhala chizindikiro cha matenda osiyanasiyana, koma nthawi zambiri chimawonedwa ndi mitundu mitundu ya kapamba. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mabala amapanga chiwalo, ndipo minyewa yofalikira (minofu) imakula.
Hyperechoogenicity yam'deralo imawonetsa kukhalapo kwa cysts, kuwerengera ndi ma neoplasms osiyanasiyana.
Zina mwa zifukwa ndi izi:
- lipomatosis (mafuta lipomatosis, steatosis, hepatosis, fibrolimatosis). Amayamba makamaka motsutsana ndi maziko a nthawi yayitali ya kapamba kapena kapamba ka necosis, wodziwika ndi kusintha kwa maselo a tiziwalo tomwe timalumikizana minyewa ndi maselo amafuta;
- pachimake kapamba, womwe umayenda limodzi ndi kutupa ndi kuchuluka kwa kapamba;
- pancreatic necrosis - complication ya kapamba owononga chikhalidwe, limodzi ndi kufa kwa ziwalo;
- matenda a shuga;
- fibrosis (sclerosis) - kutupa kosatha kwa kapamba, momwe maselo athanzi amakhala kwathunthu kapena pang'ono pang'ono osakanikirana ndi minyewa yolumikizira minyewa;
- neoplasms yoyipa.
Kuti mupeze zotsatira zoyenera, masiku awiri 2-3 musanayambe phunziroli, zinthu zopanga mpweya (nyemba, mphesa, kabichi) komanso zakudya zambiri zomanga thupi sizimafunika kudya.
Mlingo wa kuchuluka kwa echogenicity ukhoza kukhala wapakati, wapakati komanso wapamwamba. Ndi chisonyezo chokwanira, zomwe zimayambitsa nthawi zambiri zimakhala zolimbitsa thupi, koma nthawi zina kutupa kosalekeza kumatheka.
Pafupifupi owonjezera, monga lamulo, akuwonetsa kusintha kwa maselo m'mafuta. Kuchulukitsa kwakukulu kumawonedwa mu pancreatitis pachimake. Ngati inclusions yolimba (calculi, calcifying) ilipo mu kapamba, ndiye kuti titha kulankhula za mtundu wosakanikirana wa mawonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe a heterogeneous.
Nthawi zina, ndi pancreatitis yovuta kapena yosatha, echogenicity, m'malo mwake, imachepetsedwa. Chodabwitsachi chikufotokozedwa ndi kufalikira kwamphamvu kwa pancreatic duct, kuphimba kwathunthu England chifukwa cha kukoka kwake. Zomwe zimayambitsa nthawi zambiri zimakhala mtundu wa kapamba.
Madera a Hypoechoic amapezeka mu hemorrhagic pancreatitis, pomwe pali edema pakapangidwe ka gland. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito zida zolondola kwambiri, kutsitsa kwakukulu kumawonekeranso monga dera la hypoechoic, lomwe limakulanso ndi zaka.
Zizindikiro
Ngati ma ultrasound adawonetsa hyperechoic inclusions mu kapamba, ndiye kuti ntchito yake imalephera. Mwambiri, kuperewera kwa michere yam'mimba ndi zizindikiro zapadera zimachitika:
Pancreatic Exacerbation- kusangalatsa ndi kutulutsa;
- phokoso mokhumudwa;
- kutaya mtima ndi kunenepa;
- kuthamanga kwa magazi;
- tachycardia (mtima palpitations);
- kupweteka kwam'mimba, pansi pa nthiti;
- kusanza, kusanza
- kumverera kwodzaza m'mimba;
- malungo.
Ngati kuchuluka kwa kapamba mu khanda kumachulukitsidwa, ndiye kuti kuthekera kwa kusiyana pakumveka kwa limba ndikokwera.
Palibe zizindikiro zotchulidwa, hyperechoogenicity imatha kupezeka ndi zolakwika pakudya. Ndikusintha koyenera komanso kupatula zakudya zina muzakudya, phunziroli likuwonetsa zomwe zili zofunikira.
Chithandizo
Ndi kuchulukana kwamphamvu kwa kapamba, wodwalayo amayenera kukayezetsa ndi kutenga magazi, mkodzo ndi ndowe. Kuzindikira ndi kuchiritsa kumachitika ndi gastroenterologist. Mfundo yofunika yochizira pancreatitis pachimake ndi lamulo: "kuzizira, njala ndi kupuma." M'masiku oyamba matenda, wodwalayo ayenera kupuma pabedi ndi kukana chakudya chilichonse.
Njira zothandizira achire zimatha kusiyanasiyana kutengera momwe wodwalayo alili, kuchuluka kwake komanso kuchuluka kwa njira ya pathological. Mitundu ina ya matendawa imafunikira opaleshoni.
Pothandizidwa ndi zowawa, ma analgesics ndi antispasmodics ndi mankhwala, komanso mankhwala omwe si a antiidal - Diclofenac, Ketoprofen, Papaverin, No-shpa, Drotaverin.
Mapiritsi a Pancreatin ndiye muyezo wagolide pochiza matenda apakhungu ogwirizana ndi kusowa kwa michere.
Popeza kupanga ma enzyme kumawonjezeka kwambiri mu kapamba am'mimba, othandizira amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupondera pancreatic ntchito (somatostatin). Maantibayotiki amafunikira kuti muchepetse matenda opatsirana.
Ngati matendawa ndi "lipomatosis", ndiye kuti mankhwalawo ndi njira zochizira ndizotheka pokhapokha ndi kukula kochepa kwamafuta. Pakakhala kuchuluka kwakukulu, zisumbu zamafuta zimafinya zimbudzi ndi kusokoneza kapamba. Kenako lipomas imachotsedwa opaleshoni.
Chithandizo cha lipomatosis ndikutsatira zakudya ndikuchepetsa thupi. Mankhwala samathandizira kuchotsa mawonekedwe amafuta, chifukwa chake njira zonse cholinga chake ndi kuthana ndi kukula kwina.
Ndi kuchepa kwa puloteni, yomwe imayendera limodzi ndi kapamba, zotupa ndi matenda ena angapo, mankhwala othandizira amaloledwa. Kukonzekera kumasankhidwa mosasamala payekhapayekha, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi Mezim, Pancreatin ndi Creon. Pa mankhwala, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti muzitsatira zakudya No. 5 komanso osamwa mowa.
Ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti chizindikiritso cha echogenicity ndi chizindikiro cha thupi chokhudza vuto lomwe lingachitike. Komabe, sizinganyalanyazidwe, ndipo mulimonsemo, muyenera kufunsa katswiri.
