Cancreas ndi chiwalo chofunikira chomwe ntchito ya chamoyo chonse chimadalira. Kupezeka kwa kusokonezeka kwa kayendedwe kazinthu kameneka kumayambitsa kukhumudwa pakuyenda kwa thupi lonse.
Matendawa amapezeka pamene kapamba amayaka chifukwa cha zinthu zina. Nthawi zambiri, matenda a kapamba amapezeka mu gawo la amuna. Izi ndichifukwa choti abambo amatha kugwiritsa ntchito zakumwa zoledzeretsa, zomwe zochita zawo ndizomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zovuta zapancreatic.
Ndi kuchuluka kowonjezereka kwa mowa, pafupifupi anthu azaka zomwe ali ndi matendawa ndi 39, ndipo motsutsana ndi maziko a matenda apamtunda, ali ndi zaka pafupifupi 69.
Zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa pancreatitis yayikulu:
- Munthu wadwala kapena wadwala kudzera njira ya bacteria.
- Pa opaleshoni, pokhudzana ndi ma pathologies omwe amagwirizana ndi chiwalochi.
- Ngati munthu wamwa mankhwalawa omwe ali ndi vuto chifukwa cha kapamba.
- Pangakhalenso kubereka kwatsopano, komwe kumakhudza kapamba, chibadwa ndichotheka.
- Munthu amamwa mowa mopitirira muyeso, amatenga zakudya zopanda pake zochuluka.
- Ndi matenda ena otupa m'mimba.
- Ngati munthu atengeka ndi cholelithiasis.
Zizindikiro za matenda opatsirana ndikuphatikiza: kupweteka kwapweteka pamimba, pamakhala kupweteka kumbuyo, kapena hypochondrium yamanzere.
Nthawi zina, chikaso cha khungu kapena maso chimawonedwa. Munthuyo amakhala ndi vuto la mseru, ndipo amakonda kusanza. Mwapadera, imatha kutuluka magazi kuzungulira navel. Kuzindikira kwawawa kumadalira malo omwe akutupa.
Zizindikiro zodziwika bwino zimaphatikizanso kuchepa kwa njala, kufooka wamba. Nthawi zina pamakhala kuwonjezeka kwa kutentha. Njirayi ikhoza kukhudza minofu yomwe ili pafupi.
Muzovuta kwambiri, pafupifupi ziwalo zonse zimayambitsidwa - kuchokera pansi pamtima mpaka ku impso.
Njira zazikulu zochizira matendawa
Njira zochizira matendawa zimatsimikizidwa ndi akatswiri oyenerera, kutengera zifukwa zosiyanasiyana. Kuchuluka kwa zowonongeka, momwe wodwalayo angakhudzire njira zamankhwala. Choyamba, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kumagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Chithandizo cha mankhwala osokoneza bongo chikuchitika moyang'aniridwa ndi dokotala kuchipatala. Zimaphatikizanso kubwezeretsa ntchito za chiwalo, kupondereza njira yotupa ndikubwezeretsa bwino.
Pa mankhwala, wodwalayo amakulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito njira yochepetsera zakudya panthawi yonse ya chithandizo kuti mukwaniritse zabwino zambiri, ndipo kusala kudya kwa masiku angapo kumalimbikitsidwa munthawi yamankhwala olimbitsa thupi kuti muthe kuchira. Kwa wodwala, kuti muchepetse madzi a m'mimba pancreatic minofu, m'mimba timatsukidwa ndi kafukufuku wapadera.
Kuchepetsa acidity, zakumwa zamchere tikulimbikitsidwa.
Kuphatikiza pa kuchiritsa kwa zamzitini, ndizotheka kuchitapo kanthu opaleshoni.
Kuthandizira opaleshoni kuyenera kuchitidwa pamene wodwala ali ndi kachilombo ka pancreatic necrosis, ndikuwonetsetsa momwe wodwalayo akumvera. Ngati wodwala ali ndi pancreatic necrosis, yomwe imakhala yachilengedwe, opaleshoni imapangidwa mosamalitsa, chifukwa pamakhala chiopsezo chachikulu chotaya magazi mkatikati, matenda a malo osapezeka, komanso kuwonongeka kwakukulu pamtunda wamatumbo.
Kodi opaleshoni ikufunika liti?
Opaleshoni ya laparotomy imayikidwa pokhapokha ngati aseptic gawo la matendawa. Sichosankhidwa, payenera kukhala zifukwa zomveka.
Ndondomeko ikuchitika ngati, motsutsana ndi maziko azovuta za chithandizo chamankhwala, kupita patsogolo kwa matendawa kumawululidwa ndikufalikira kwa matenda opatsirana kumadera ena am'mimbamo.
Njirayi ndi yovuta kwambiri motero imapatsidwa komaliza, ndiye kuti, nthawi zonse imakhala yofunikira.
Zingakhale zolakwika ngati atchulidwa popanda njira zoyambirira za zovuta kutsata. Njira yakugwirira ntchito ndiyosowa kwambiri, popeza pali zoopsa zazikulu.
Opaleshoni imatheka kokha mwa 6-12 peresenti ya odwala.
Zizindikiro za izi zitha kukhala motere:
- peritonitis;
- chithandizo chosasinthika sichikuyenda bwino kwa masiku angapo;
- ngati peritonitis imayendera limodzi ndi cholecystitis kapena purulent.
Nthawi yakulowererapo ndi yosiyana:
- Oyambirira amatchedwa kulowererapo komwe kumachitika sabata yoyamba yamatenda.
- Chakumapeto ndizomwe zimachitika mkati mwa sabata lachiwiri ndi lachitatu matendawa atadwala, popanda chithandizo.
- Zochedwetsedwa zimachitika kale munthawi yakuchulukirachulukira, kapena matendawa atafika pachimodzimodzi. Kuchitapo kanthu kotereku kumachitika pambuyo poti kudutsa kovutirako kutha.
Kuchita opaleshoni iliyonse kumathandiza kupewa kubwerezanso matenda.
Mlingo wa kulowerera umatsimikiziridwa ndi zovuta za njira ya matendawa. Zimatanthauzanso kupezeka kwa purulent foci ndi zotupa za biliary system.
Kuti muwone izi, laparoscopy, kuyezetsa zam'mimba ndi zotupa zimachitika.
Kodi kuchotsa pamimba ndi chiyani?
Mtundu umodzi wothandizirana opaleshoni ndiyo kukhetsa ziphuphu. Kuchita koteroko pa kapamba kumaphatikizira kutulutsa kwa kapamba pamimba pamimba kuchokera pancreatic fiber. Choyamba, amapatsidwa mankhwala ngati wodwala ali ndi peritonitis, pancreatic necrosis.
Panthawi imeneyi, kapamba amatsukidwa minofu yomwe ili pafupi kuti tisatenge matenda ena. Izi zimapangidwanso pofuna kupewa kufalitsa kwa poizoni kuti achepetse mphamvu yake pamatenda a gland. Kuthinjidwa kwam'mimba kumachitika kuti minofu ya chiwalo ikhale pang'onopang'ono ndi madzi a pancreatic.
Pofuna kuchitidwa opareshoni, kukonzekera mwatsatanetsatane kumachitika koyamba. Kukonzekeraku kumaphatikizapo kusonkhanitsa deta ndikuwunika mwatsatanetsatane ndi dotolo, mayeso onse ofunikira kuti atsimikizire kuti matendawa amatumizidwa.
Zolinga zazikulu za chithandizo cha opaleshoni ndi:
- mpumulo;
- kumathandizira magwiridwe antchito a chinsinsi cha chiwalo;
- kuchotsedwa kwa poizoni ndi zoopsa zosiyanasiyana.
Opaleshoni iyi imalepheretsa kuwoneka kwa zovuta zochuluka zomwe zimakhudzana ndi kupitilira kwa kutupa mkati mwa ziwalo za thupilo.
Thandizo la opaleshoni lili ndi magawo otsatirawa:
- Mawu oyamba ndi opaleshoni yodwala.
- Kuchititsa laparotomy a kumtunda kwapakati.
- Gastrocolic ligament imasulidwa, ndiye kuti kapamba amayesedwa, pambuyo pake fiber imayesedwa.
- Pansi pa kutulutsa, kupendekera kumapangidwa, kuwongoleredwa motsatira.
- Zikondazo zimakokedwa kotero kuti mutu ndi mchira wokhawu ndi okhazikika.
- Mapeto aulere a omentum amakokedwa kudzera m'munsi m'munsi mwa gland. Pambuyo pake, imabweretsedwa pamphepete ndipo imayikidwa patsogolo.
- Thumba lamadzimadzi limayikidwa kudzera kumanzere kumanzere kumbuyo.
- Khoma lam'mimba limadzisenda pang'onopang'ono, m'magawo.
Njira yolowererapo ndi yovuta, koma ndizotheka ngati dokotala wothandizira akudziwa bwino ntchito zovuta.
Kukonzanso pambuyo pamimba
Makoma akamakongoletsedwa, baluni amaimitsa pazitsulo, amafunika kuti kuziziritsa.
Izi zimachitika motere: mkhutu umapangika pansi pa nthiti yakumanzere, yomwe chubu chake chimatuluka cholumikizana ndi silinda. Thupi limaziziritsa katatu patsiku, m'masiku atatu atatha kulowererapo. Wodwala akakhala bwino, baluni imachotsedwa. Gastroenterologists ndi lingaliro kuti kuziziritsa kukhazikika kwachilengedwe kumachitika mthupi ndipo kumathandizira kubwezeretsa.
Ngakhale imagwira ntchito, njirayi ili ndi zotsutsana zina.
Opaleshoni sangachitike ngati:
- wodwala amadwala matenda oopsa;
- pali zambiri zam'magazi m'magazi;
- wodwalayo amakumana ndi vuto lomwe silimatha nthawi yayitali;
- ngati kuchuluka kwa magazi komwe kwatayika chifukwa cha opareshoni sikungabwezeretsedwe.
Kuchotsa mimba ndichinthu chovuta kwambiri, motero zovuta zina siziperekedwa. Zitha kuchitika pokhapokha ngati opareshoniyo sachitidwa ndi dokotala wodziwa zambiri.
Kupatsirana ndikotheka, komwe mtsogolomo kumakhala ndi zotsatira zosayembekezereka.
Pali kuthekera kwakukulu kwa magazi. Zotsatira za Lethal ndizochepa, komabe siziyenera kupatula.
Zotsatira zabwino za opaleshoni sizimangotengera zofunikira za dokotala wothandizayo, komanso mkhalidwe wa wodwalayo, kuchuluka kwa kulowererapo.
Chofunika kwambiri, kupewa koyambirira, komwe kumachitika ngakhale matendawa asanadziwonetsere okha, ndikofunikira kwambiri. Gawo loyamba ndikuyambitsa zakudya zoyenera m'moyo wanu, kupatula kumwa pang'ono kapena pang'ono. Kukhala wakhama ndi kukana kwathunthu zinthu za fodya kumachepetsa chiopsezo chotenga matendawa.
Chithandizo cha opaleshoni ya pancreatic chafotokozedwa mu kanema m'nkhaniyi.
