Zoyimira shuga zoyera zimagawika m'magulu awiri: zotsekemera ndi zotsekemera. Lokoma amakhala ndi zero calorie okhutira, satenga nawo gawo mu mphamvu kagayidwe (saccharin, cyclamate, aspartame, sucralose).
Shuga wogwirizira amakhala ndi zopatsa mphamvu zambiri zopatsa mphamvu, amagwiritsa ntchito kagayidwe kazakudya, amakonda kukoma ngati shuga yoyera (xylitol, fructose, isomaltose, stevioside).
Zowonjezera zoterezi zimagawidwa popanga komanso zachilengedwe, zakale sizipezeka mwachilengedwe, zimapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala, ndipo omalizirawo amapangidwa kuchokera ku zinthu zachilengedwe zopangidwa.
Pakakhala kusankha pakati pa zinthu zotere, ndibwino kungokonda zinthu zachilengedwe, popeza sizitha kuvulaza thupi la odwala matenda ashuga. Komabe, amakhalanso ndi mikhalidwe yoyipa.
Saccharin
Mankhwala a saccharin amakhala okoma kwambiri kuposa shuga; Saccharin imaphatikizidwa pakuphatikizidwa kwa zotsekemera zotsekemera, zakumwa ndi timadziti, osaganizira kuti ikhoza kukhala gwero la carcinogen, limodzi ndi shuga, kukhala chifukwa cha kukula kwa hyperglycemia.
Omwe atha kulowa mmalo sangathe kuzilimbitsa thupi, umakhala ndi mphamvu pathogenic, makamaka ndikugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri, pomwe kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zimadyedwa zimaposa 5 mg pa kilogalamu ya kulemera. Nthawi yomweyo, World Health Organisation akuti zomwe zingayambitse zotupa za khansa chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito saccharin sizinatsimikizidwe ndipo zimalola kugwiritsa ntchito.
Thupi ili ndi gawo la shuga omwe amachokera m'malo a Sukrazit, MilfordZus, Sladis, shuga okoma. Mapiritsi zana ndi ofanana ndi ma kilogalamu 10 a shuga, ndipo zopatsa mphamvu za calorie ndi zero, Saccharin imalephera kutentha kwambiri komanso ma asidi.
Zoyipa zamalonda zimaphatikizapo:
- kukoma kwachitsulo;
- kukhalapo kwa carcinogens;
- kuthekera kwachulukitsa matenda a ndulu.
Madokotala amati munthu wodwala matenda ashuga ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito shuga m'malo mwake, chakudya chizikhala ndi chakudya. Ndi njirayi, chiopsezo chovulaza thupi chimachepetsedwa kwambiri.
Aspartame
Sumuyi imakhala yotetezeka, koma ili ndi chinthu chomwe chimapanga methanol yoopsa mthupi la munthu. Ngakhale kuchuluka kwa methanol, kupatsa ana aamuna ndi amayi apakati omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga sikofunikira.
Akatentha, aspartame amasintha malo, ndikuwonjezera kuwonongeka kwa thanzi. Ndi kutsekemera, thunthu limapitilira kukoma kwa shuga nthawi 200; amaletsedwa kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu matenda a phenylketonuria. Voliyumu yoyenera ya aspartame ndi 40 mg / kg ya odwala.
M'malo opangira shuga omwe maartartame amapezekapo ndi Sucrasit, Sweetley, Nutrasvit, Slastilin. Chizindikiro cha aspartame ndi kupezeka kwa ma amino acid omwe amathandizira pakupanga mapuloteni.
Ubwino wa malonda ndi:
- kuthekera m'malo mwa ma kilogalamu 8 a shuga;
- kusowa kwa zopatsa mphamvu;
- kukoma pang'ono.
Zinthu zimatha kugulidwa ngati mapiritsi kapena ufa, zimawonjezedwa zakumwa ndi makeke, makeke.
Zakudya zopatsa thanzi zopatsa thanzi ndi aspartame zimatha kupezeka pansi pa mayina a Nutrasvit, Sladeks.
Cyclamate, acesulfame potaziyamu, sucrasite
Cyclamate ndi mankhwala oopsa kwambiri, ndizoletsedwa kwa ana, amayi oyembekezera komanso poyamwitsa. Anthu odwala matenda ashuga omwe ali ndi matenda a impso ndi ziwalo zogaya chakudya amayeneranso kuchepetsa kapena kusiyiratu cyclamate ku chakudya.
Kuchulukitsa kwa mankhwalawa kumapangitsa kuti moyo ukhale wovuta, kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali komanso kuchuluka kwa cyclamate kumapangitsa kukula kwa khansa komanso neoplasms yoyipa.
Mwa kukoma, acesulfame potaziyamu ndi 200 times kukoma kwa sucrose, ngati ma analogi opangidwa kuchokera kuumbidwe, wogwirizira samatengedwa ndi thupi, amatulutsidwa mwachangu. Pamodzi ndi aspartame, imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zakumwa zingapo za zakumwa zosapatsa mowa.
Ubwino wa chinthucho ndi kusowa kwa zopatsa mphamvu, chiopsezo chochepa cha kuyanjana, komanso moyo wautali.
Ilinso ndi zovuta zoyipa, pakati pawo osungunuka pang'ono pazakumwa, sizikulimbikitsidwa:
- ana
- woyembekezera
- akazi onyamula.
Popeza methanol ilipo mu kapangidwe kake, zomwe zimayambitsa kusokonezeka kwamitsempha yamagazi ndi minofu yamtima, ndikwabwino kusiya kwathunthu kugwiritsa ntchito chinthucho.
Nutritionists sakonda acesulfame chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa aspartic acid, yomwe imalimbikitsa mphamvu yamanjenje, imayambitsa kudalira, kufunika kochulukitsa mlingo wa wowonjezera. Kuopsa kwa thanzi ngati munthu wodwala matenda ashuga amadwala gramu yoposa 1 patsiku.
Chimodzi mwazinthu zodziyimira pa sucrose chinali sucrase, sichikhala ndi zovulaza pa thanzi, ndipo sizitenga nawo mbali machitidwe a metabolic. Nthawi zambiri, mapiritsi amakhalanso ndi soda ndikuwongolera acidity.
Ubwino wa sucracite kunali kusowa kwa zopatsa mphamvu, kupatula kukhalapo kwa fumaric acid, yemwe ali ndi poizoni winawake.
Supralose
Sucralose ndi chakudya chosinthika, chimakhala chokoma kwambiri kuposa 600 shuga. Ngati pazifukwa zilizonse wodwala matenda ashuga asankha yekha momwemo, ayenera kulabadira sucralose.
Popeza amachokera ku shuga, sucralose ndiotetezeka kwa thanzi la anthu athanzi ndikulemba 1 ndi mtundu wa 2 odwala matenda ashuga. Chitetezo chimachitika chifukwa cha kusungidwa kwa mawonekedwe pa kutentha, kusakhudzidwa kwa kapangidwe ka insulin, ndipo chinthucho sichimatengedwa ndi thupi ndikuchisiya mwachibadwa patsiku.
Popeza sucralose ndi chinthu chatsopano, chomwe sichipezeka kuyambira kale kwambiri, palibe umboni wokwanira wazomwe zimapangitsa kuti chitetezo cha munthu chisaberekane komanso kubereka, palibe chidziwitso chazotsatira zakupezeka kwa ntchito.
Masiku ano, shuga wopanda kalori uyu wakhala chinthu chodziwika bwino kwambiri, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tizigwiritsa ntchito munthu wodwala matenda ashuga atayamba kunenepa kwambiri ndipo akufuna kuchepetsa thupi. Komabe, madokotala samvetsera kuti tisaiwale za kubwereranso kumbali ya ndalama, chifukwa zinthu zilizonse zopangidwa ndi njira zochita kupanga sizikulosera nthawi zonse, makamaka munthawi yomwe yasintha. Zina mwazovuta ndi zotsatirazi zizisonyeza:
- zotupa za khansa ndi ma pancreatic cysts;
- kugaya chakudya dongosolo;
- matenda a impso.
Chifukwa chake, ndibwino kuti musagwiritse ntchito zotsekemera zama calorie otsika, koma kusankha zinthu zachilengedwe.
Yemwe shuga wogwirizira kuti musankhe
Momwe mungaganizire posankha munthu wogwirizira shuga, gawo limodzi ndi lodabwitsa, wodwala matenda ashuga amatha kusokonezeka. Pankhaniyi, munthu sayenera kunyalanyaza malingaliro a madokotala, chifukwa kwa aliyense wodwala matenda amtundu wina wowonjezera ndiwothandiza.
Ngati wodwala alibe mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda osokoneza bongo, alibe cholinga chochepetsa thupi, amatha kupeza zotsekemera zachilengedwe. Zinthu zoterezi zimamwidwa tsiku lonse, sizimakhudza glycemia, shuga amakhala m'malire ovomerezeka, thanzi la wodwalayo silisokonezeka.
Ngati munthu wodwala matenda ashuga atupa, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimachitika ndi mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda, ali bwino kugwiritsa ntchito zotsekemera ndi Supralose, koma pokumbukira mlingo woyenera. Koma kuchokera pakugula kwa zowonjezera zotengera Aspartame kapena Cyclamate ziyenera kukana kwathunthu, zimayambitsa thanzi, zimayambitsa poyizoni, kuledzera.
Pogula shuga wogwirizira, wodwala matenda ashuga ayenera kuyang'anitsitsa kupezeka kwa zizindikiro ndi zotsutsana pakugwiritsa ntchito zinthu ngati izi. Choyamba, amayang'ana zomwe zikuwonetsa:
- kulawa (kusangalatsa kapena khalani ndimalo enaake);
- zochepa zoyipa mthupi;
- mwayi wa kusintha kapangidwe kake, kulawa mukakumana ndi kutentha kwakukulu;
- kukhalapo kwa lactose.
Sichingakhale chopanda tanthauzo kuwerenganso mosamalitsa zomwe zalembedwazo, ndipo mwina wopanga akuwonjezera zinthu zina zomwe sizili zovomerezeka kwa munthu wodwala matenda ashuga.
Njira yayikulu yoperekera mankhwala a gululi ndi ufa kapena mapiritsi. Ufa ndiwothandiza kuphika, chifukwa mapiritsi amafunikira kuphwanyidwa kapena kuchepetsedwa pang'ono ndi madzi ofunda. Kuti muwonjezere shuga m'malo mwa zakudya zomwe zimapangidwa kale, gwiritsani ntchito madzi amadzimadzi.
Monga mukuwonera, okoma onse amatha kukhala ndi mbali zabwino komanso zoyipa. Ngati kulibe zakudya kwa njuchi, akatswiri azaumoyo angalangize odwala matenda ashuga kuti asiyire shuga m'malo mwake ndikudya uchi wachilengedwe. Ili ndi zinthu zambiri zofunikira zaumoyo, palibe chomwe chingavulaze.Uchi ndiwotsekemera kuposa shuga, choncho zimatenga pang'ono kuti mupatse kukoma. Ubwino wina wa uchi ndi kutha kukulitsa chitetezo cha wodwalayo.
Maple manyuchi agwiritsidwa ntchito ponseponse mu matenda ashuga, ali ndi ma calories ochepa komanso 5 peresenti yokha ya sucrose. Ngati mankhwalawo akauma, amapanga shuga wabwino kwambiri, amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mchere kapena zotsekemera monga maswiti.
Zambiri pa zotsekemera zimaperekedwa mu kanema munkhaniyi.
