Matenda A shuga: angati akukhala nayo? Kodi moyo wa odwala matenda ashuga ndi otani?

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Matenda a shuga ndi matenda ovuta omwe akhala akudziwika kwa anthu kwazaka zambiri. Komabe, panthawiyi, anthu adatha kuphunzira momwe angathanirane nawo ndikusintha nthawi yawo yayitali. Kwa nthawi yoyamba mawuwa adalowetsedwa mu zaka za zana lachiwiri la BC e. Mchiritsi wachi Greek Demetrios. Adalumikizana ndi dzina la "shuga" lomwe limapangitsa kuti thupi laumunthu lisasungunuke, limataya nthawi zambiri, koma lidalinso ndi ludzu.

M'zaka za XVII, zizindikirazi zidakwaniritsidwa chifukwa chodziwa kuchuluka kwa shuga - madokotala adayamba kuzindikira kukoma kwa magazi ndi mkodzo wa odwala. Munali m'zaka za zana la 19 zokha pomwe kudalira kwachindunji kwa matendawa pancreas kunawululidwa, komanso anthu adaphunzira za mahomoni otere amapangidwa ndi thupi monga insulin.

Ngati m'masiku akale ano kupezeka kwa matenda ashuga kumatanthauza kufa kwa miyezi ingapo kapena zaka kwa wodwalayo, tsopano mutha kukhala ndi matenda kwa nthawi yayitali, khalani ndi moyo wokangalika ndi kusangalala nawo.

Matenda a shuga isanayambike insulin

Insulin yochokera kwa chinthu ndi chinthu chachikulu kwambiri chopanga.
Iwo omwe sakudziwa bwino matenda a shuga sangathe kuyamikiranso kwambiri insulin yaumboni. Komabe, ndi iye omwe amatha kuchepetsa kwambiri mkhalidwe wa wodwalayo, ndikupereka mwayi kwa zaka zambiri za moyo.

Kalekale asanapangidwe, matenda a shuga anali ngati matenda oopsa kwambiri, kuyambira nthawi yomwe amadziwika, odwala akuluakulu sanakhalepo zaka zopitilira 15 - 20. Koma anawo anali opanda mwayi kwenikweni - anawo sangakhale ndi moyo zaka zopitilira zitatu.

Choyambitsa kufa kwa wodwala nthenda yotere sichikhala ndi matenda ashuga okha, koma zovuta zake zonse, zomwe zimachitika chifukwa chakugwira bwino ntchito kwa ziwalo za thupi. Insulin imakulolani kuti muwongolere kuchuluka kwa glucose, chifukwa chake, salola kuti ziwiya zamtunduwu zikhale zosalimba kwambiri komanso zovuta zimayamba. Kuperewera kwake, komanso kuthekera kwa kuyambitsa thupi kuchokera kunja nthawi ya insulin isanachitike, kunabweretsa zotsatira zomvetsa chisoni posachedwa.

Matenda a Zomwe Zikuchitika Pano: Zowona ndi Zithunzi

M'zaka za m'ma 2000, matenda a shuga amakhalabe vuto lalikulu; kuchuluka kwake kukuyandikira mliri.
Chiwerengero cha milandu imakula chaka chilichonse, ndipo mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda umadziwika kawiri kawiri kuposa woyamba. Zaka khumi zilizonse, kuchuluka kwa odwala koteroko kumawonjezeka pafupifupi kawiri.

Ngati tiyerekeza ziwerengero zaka 20 zapitazi, manambalawa sakutonthoza:

  • mu 1994, padziko lapansi panali anthu odwala matenda ashuga pafupifupi 110 miliyoni.
  • pofika 2000, chiwerengerochi chinali pafupi ndi anthu miliyoni 170,
  • lero (kumapeto kwa 2014) - anthu 390 miliyoni.

Chifukwa chake, zonenedweratu zikusonyeza kuti podzafika chaka cha 2025 ziwerengero zamilandu padziko lapansi zidzaposa kuchuluka kwa zigawo 450 miliyoni.

Zachidziwikire, ziwerengero zonsezi ndizowopsa. Komabe, zamakono zimabweretsanso zabwino. Mankhwala aposachedwa komanso odziwika kale, zatsopano zomwe zimachitika pophunzira za matendawa komanso malingaliro a madokotala amalola kuti odwala azikhala ndi moyo wabwino, komanso, chofunikira, kukulitsa nthawi yawo yamoyo. Masiku ano, anthu odwala matenda ashuga amatha kukhala ndi moyo mpaka zaka 70 pansi pa zinthu zina, i.e. pafupifupi onse athanzi.

Ndipo komabe, sikuti zonse ndizowopsa.

Mbiri imatipatsa chitsanzo cha odwala matenda ashuga a nthawi yayitali omwe adatha kuthana ndi matenda awo ndikukhala ndi moyo wautali kuposa momwe munthu aliyense wathanzi adaperekedwera.
Chinsinsi chawo ndi chiyani? Zachidziwikire, mu moyo: zakudya, chithandizo, kudzisamalira komanso masewera, komanso chosatheka kukhala ndi moyo wolimba. Nayi ena a iwo:

  • Walter Barnes (wochita zisudzo waku America, wosewera mpira) - adamwalira ali ndi zaka 80;
  • Yuri Nikulin (wochita masewera achi Russia, adachita nkhondo ziwiri) - adamwalira ali ndi zaka 76;
  • Ella Fitzgerald (woyimba waku America) - adachoka padziko lapansi ali ndi zaka 79;
  • Elizabeth Taylor (wochita sewero waku America-Wachingerezi) - anamwalira ali ndi zaka 79.

Type 1 ndi matenda ashuga 2 - omwe amakhala nawo nthawi yayitali?

Aliyense amene akudziwa bwino matendawa amadziwa kuti ndi zamitundu iwiri, zomwe zimachitika mosiyanasiyana. Kutengera kuchuluka kwa kuwonongeka kwa thupi, chikhalidwe cha matendawa, kupezeka kwa chisamaliro choyenera ndikuwongolera thanzi, mwayi wautali wa moyo wake umadalira. Komabe, chifukwa cha ziwerengero zomwe zimasungidwa ndi asing'anga, mutha kuphatikiza milandu yofala kwambiri ndikumvetsetsa (pafupifupi pafupifupi) momwe munthu angakhalire ndi moyo.

  1. Chifukwa chake, shuga yodalira matenda a shuga (mtundu I) imakula muubwana kapena mwana, osapitirira zaka 30. Nthawi zambiri amapezeka odwala 10% onse odwala matenda ashuga. Matenda ofanana nawo ndimavuto amtima komanso kwamikodzo, aimpso. Mwa izi, pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa atatu la odwala amafa osapulumuka zaka 30 zotsatira. Kuphatikizanso apo, mavuto ambiri amakula m'moyo wa wodwalayo, ndiye kuti sangakhale ndi ukalamba.
    Komabe, matenda amtundu wa 1 shuga sichiri chiganizo, chifukwa ndi kuchuluka koyenera kwa kuchuluka kwa shuga mthupi, jakisoni wa panthawi yake wa insulin komanso kulimbitsa thupi kochepa, wodwalayo ali ndi mwayi wokhala ndi zaka 70.
  2. Matenda a shuga osadalira insulini (mtundu II) amakhala amtundu wina wosiyana kwambiri, nthawi zambiri amakula mwa anthu opitirira zaka 50, komabe, milandu imakhala yofala pakati pa achinyamata azaka 35. Amakhala pafupifupi 90% ya milandu yonse yolembedwa zamankhwala. Odwala amtunduwu amatenga matenda amtima, amakhala ndi ischemia, stroko komanso mtima, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimamupha. Chiwopsezo chokhala ndi kulephera kwa impso ndilokwera kwambiri, koma ndizotsika kwambiri. Mavuto onse amodzimodziwa amatha kubweretsa imfa kapena kulemala, zomwe sizachilendo mtundu 2 shuga.
    Nthawi yokhala ndi moyo wa odwala otere nthawi zambiri imakhala yochepa kwambiri kuposa pafupifupi zaka pafupifupi 5 mpaka 10, i.e. pafupifupi 65-67.
    Komabe, nthendayi yodziwika bwino, yopezeka munthawi yake ndikutsatira kwathunthu malangizo a endocrinologist angakutsimikizireni kuti mudzakhala ndi moyo wautali, womwe si wosiyana ndi anthu athanzi.
Ngati tilingalira zakusiyana kwa masiku amoyo wa abambo ndi amayi odwala, ndiye, malinga ndi ziwerengero zamankhwala, kuchuluka kwa anthu ogonana ofooka nthawi zambiri kumachepetsedwa ndi zaka 12, komanso kwa olimba - ndi 15. Izi sizodziwika ndi njira zachilengedwe mthupi, koma chifukwa choti azimayi amakhala ambiri. kudziletsa pa moyo wanu, zakudya komanso zizolowezi zoipa. Udindo wofunikira umachitika ndi cholowa.

Matenda a shuga kwa ana ndi zotsatira zake

Mwa ana ndi achinyamata, ndi mtundu umodzi wokha wa matenda ashuga womwe ungatheke - woyamba.
Mankhwala amakono alibe mphamvu yochiritsira kwathunthu, koma amatha kukwanitsa kusintha kwakanthawi komanso njira yayitali yokhudzana ndi metabolic, makamaka kuchuluka kwa shuga m'thupi. Ndikofunikira kudziwa nthawi yomwe mwanayo ali ndi matendawa, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti wodwala akuwatsata moyenera komanso moyenera.

Chithandizo choyenera ndimikhalidwe yotere ndi chitsimikizo cha kusakhalapo kwa zovuta zambiri, thanzi labwino komanso ntchito yayitali. Matendawa ndi abwino. Komabe, kuwonekera kwa zovuta zilizonse zomwe zimakhudza mtima wamtima kumachepetsa mwayi.

Kuzindikira koyambira ndi kuyambitsanso mankhwalawa ndizinthu zamphamvu zomwe zikuthandizira kutalika kwa moyo.

Chofunikira china ndi nthawi ya matenda omwe mwanayo adwala - atazindikira msanga ali ndi zaka 0 - 8 zimatipatsa chiyembekezo chazaka zosaposa 30, koma wokalamba wodwalayo panthawi ya matendawa, adzakulanso mwayi. Achinyamata azaka za 20 amatha kukhala ndi zaka 70 ndikutsatira mosamalitsa malingaliro onse a katswiri.

Ndadwala - mwayi wanga ndi chiyani?

Masiku ano, matenda ashuga si vuto lopsa moyo.
Kutengera malamulo ndi miyezo yina ya moyo, kudalirika kwa wodwala wamtundu uliwonse nkabwino kwambiri. Kuzindikiritsa munthawi yake, chithandizo chokwanira, kutsatira zakudya zamagulu a zakudya ndi zakudya, komanso chisamaliro chathanzi lanu kumalola zaka zambiri kukhalabe ogwira ntchito ndikukhala ndi moyo wonse.

Ngati mwapatsidwa chithandizo ichi, choyambirira simuyenera kutaya mtima.

Gawo lanu loyamba liyenera kukhala kukaona akatswiri apadera:

  • Endocrinologist;
  • Wothandizira;
  • Cardiologist;
  • Nephrologist kapena urologist;
  • Opaleshoni ya mtima (ngati kuli kotheka).
Pambuyo pofufuza mtundu wamatenda, kuchuluka kwake momwe amathandizira thupi, matenda ofanana, ndikofunikira kutsatira mosamalitsa malingaliro a madokotala. Ena mwa iwo nthawi zambiri ndi:

  • Zakudya zapadera;
  • Kumwa mankhwala kapena jakisoni;
  • Zochita zolimbitsa thupi;
  • Kupitiliza kuyang'anitsitsa shuga komanso zinthu zina.
Gawo lofunikira kwambiri kwa inu liyenera kukhala kuzindikira kuti shuga sichakudya chakanthawi chochepa chomwe chimatha kuthyoledwa mchikakamizo cha zofuna zanu, koma moyo wanu wonse.
Osatengera kusowa kwa maswiti omwe mumawakonda koma oletsedwa ngati chilango, chifukwa tsopano ndi njira yokulitsira kwambiri moyo wanu ndikukhazikitsanso kuwonetsa zovuta zomwe zingatheke. Ndipo kumbukirani, matenda anu si chiganizo - odwala matenda ashuga ali ndi mabanja, kubereka ana ndikusangalala ndi moyo zaka zambiri.

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