Kodi chiwopsezo cha matenda ashuga pakatha nthawi yayitali ndi chiyani?

Pakupimidwa pafupipafupi pakubala, pafupifupi 10% ya amayi apakati amawonetsa shuga pakuwunika mkodzo kapena magazi.

Ngati kafukufuku wachiwiri akuwonetsa zotsatira zomwezo, ndiye kuti mayiyo apezeka ndi matenda a shuga.

Carbohydrate metabolism kulephera

Mawonekedwe a mahomoni omwe amasintha pakapita nthawi amachepetsa kupanga insulini, komwe, motsutsana ndi kukula kwa kuchuluka ndi kuchepa kwa ntchito zamagalimoto, kumapangitsa kukula kwamphamvu kwa glucose. Izi zimadzetsa vuto la metabolism ndipo zimasokoneza ntchito ya ziwalo zamkati.

Nthawi zambiri, azimayi omwe asanakhale ndi pakati samakhala ndi mawonekedwe a carbohydrate metabolism cholephera.

Pambuyo pobereka, Zizindikiro za shuga ndizabwinobwino, koma zimawonetsa mwayi wophwanya dongosolo la endocrine mtsogolomo. Matenda oyembekezera omwe ali ndi pakati amakhala ndi ICD ya 10 - O24.4.

Chifukwa chiyani matendawa amachitika?

Nthawi ya mwana akukulira kwa intrauterine, thupi limapanga kuchuluka kwa glucose kopatsa mwana wosabadwayo mphamvu ndi zakudya zomwe zimafunikira kuti akule ndi kukula.

Zikondwererozi zimagwira ntchito mochulukitsa, kuonetsetsa kuti pali kuchuluka kwa insulini, yomwe imakonza kuchuluka kwa shuga mthupi.

Nthawi yomweyo, insulini imalowa pakulimbana ndi progesterone - mahomoni omwe amapangidwa ndi placenta, omwe amalepheretsa zochita zake.

Kuphatikiza apo, mahomoni amachititsa kuti insulin ichuluke mosavuta.

Pali magulu a azimayi omwe atengeka kwambiri ndi izi. Pokonzekera kukhala ndi pakati, muyenera kuyesetsa kuthana ndi mavuto omwe angakhalepo.

Nthawi zambiri, shuga amawonjezereka mwa amayi apakati omwe:

• onenepa kwambiri;
• zinthu za cholowa;
• matenda a m'mimba;
• zaka 40;
• zizolowezi zoyipa (kusuta, mowa);
• matenda a shuga kumimba kwakale;
• polyhydramnios;
• fetal kufa kwa mwana wosabadwayo;
• zipatso zazikulu;
• adazindikira kale mavuto obala komanso kubadwa kwa mwana wosabadwayo ndi ma pathologies;
• wokhala fuko linalake - mwa azimayi aku Asia, azimayi achi Sppanic ndi aku Africa, GDM imakonda kuonedwa;
• mobwerezabwereza milandu yowonjezera magazi m'mbuyomu.

Kwa amayi apakati omwe ali m'magulu awa, kuwongoleredwa koyendetsedwa ndi adotolo kumakhazikika.

Zizindikiro zofala

Zizindikiro za kuchepa kwa carbohydrate metabolism ndizofanana ndi kuwonetsa kwa ma pathologies ena, ndipo kafukufuku wowonjezereka adzafunika kutsimikizira matendawa.

Ndikofunika kuchenjeza adokotala ngati zotsatirazi zizindikirika:

• ludzu lochulukirapo;
• kukodza mwachangu ndi fungo la asitone;
• kusintha pakudya;
• kuyamwa
• kufooka, kusakwiya, kusokonezeka kwa tulo;
• kuchuluka kwa mavuto, tachycardia;
• mavuto amawonedwe.

Ngati mumanyalanyaza zizindikirozo ndipo simuyamba kulandira chithandizo munthawi yake, ndiye kuti matenda ashuga angayambitse mavuto akulu:

• kukula kwa hyperglycemia;
• matenda a impso
• kuwonongeka kwamawonekedwe;
• matenda oopsa, sitiroko;
• mavuto amtima
• kulephera kudziwa;
• kuchepa kwa chidwi;
• kusinthika kochepa kwa minofu yowonongeka.

Kodi chiwopsezo cha GDM ndi chiyani?

Kuchiza matenda ashuga osayambira munthawi yake, kulembetsa mochedwa ndi dokotala wazamankhwala kapena kunyalanyaza malangizo a dokotala kumatha kubweretsa zotsatirapo zoyipa za mkhalidwe wa mayiyo ndi mwana wosabadwayo.

Mayi woyembekezera ali pachiwopsezo cha zovuta monga:

• aimpso kuwonongeka;
• chiyembekezo chokhala ndi matenda atatha kukhala ndi pakati;
• molumikizana ndi mtima ischemia, matendawa amatha kubweretsa imfa ya mkazi panthawi yobereka;
• kuwonekera mochedwa gestosis ndi edema yayikulu, kupweteka komanso kuthamanga kwa magazi;
• kuthekera kwa kusagwira bwino mu dongosolo lamuzungulire, komwe kumayambitsa kupezeka kwa preeclampsia ndi eclampsia - vuto lalikulu lomwe lingathetse zotsatira zakupha;
• kubereka kovuta ndi kuvulala kwa ziwalo zamkati chifukwa cha kubadwa kwa mwana wamkulu;
• dontho lakuthwa mu zowoneka bwino.

Matenda osagwirizana ndi matenda a shuga ndi omwe amachititsa kuti mwana abadwe msanga, asanamwalire komanso kuti azitulutsa shuga yayikulu kwambiri mtsogolo. Mwazi wambiri umachepetsa mwayi wobala mwachilengedwe.

Kuchuluka kwa glucose kumakhala ndi vuto pa mwana wosakula. M'miyezi yoyambirira ya bere, mapindikidwe a mwana samatha kubereka, motero kuchuluka kwa glucose kuchokera kwa mayi kumapangitsa kuwoneka kwa matenda a mtima ndi ubongo wa mwana. Nthawi zambiri mu trimester yoyamba, mimba imathera padera.

Kuyambira kuyambira trimester yachiwiri, motsutsana ndi matenda a shuga a amayi, mwana amakhala ndi vuto lakumakula:

• kukula kwakukulu ndikuphwanya kuchuluka kwa thupi - mapewa otambalala, mimba yayikulu, mbali yayikulu yamafuta ndi miyendo yaying'ono imapangika kuchokera ku kuwonda kwambiri kwa shuga;
• pambuyo pobadwa, mwana amakhala ndi khungu la khungu, kutupira;
• Kugundika kwamitsempha yamagazi kumatheka chifukwa chakuwonjezeka kwamitsempha yamagazi;
• kulephera kupuma, kutsamira.

Chifukwa cha kubadwa kwa pathologies, kufa kwa akhanda m'masabata oyamba amoyo pafupifupi 80%.

Pambuyo pake, ana obadwa kwa amayi osaphunzitsidwa amayamba kunenepa kwambiri ndikulemba matenda a shuga a 2.

Diagnostic diagnostic

Mu chipatala cha mayi woyembekezera, mayi woyembekezera nthawi zambiri amamulembera mayeso a shuga.

Zizindikiro za shuga

• mukasinthidwa pamimba yopanda kanthu - osaposa 6 mmol / l
• mukamawunika maola awiri mutatha kudya - osakwana 7 mmol / l

Ngati zotsatira zake ndi zapamwamba kwambiri, kuyezetsa shuga kumachitika, komwe kumafunikira kutsatira malamulo:

• masiku atatu musanayambe phunziroli, musasinthe zizolowezi, chakudya ndi moyo;
• magazi amaperekedwa pamimba yopanda kanthu;
• pambuyo mphindi 5 muyenera kumwa yankho la shuga ndi madzi;
• pambuyo 2 maola, phunziroli limabwerezedwa.

Pathology imapezeka ngati shuga ali:

• pamimba yopanda kanthu - oposa 6 mmol / l
• kudya shuga - kuposa 7 mmol / l

Pamitengo yovomerezeka pamiyezi 7, mayesowo amabwerezedwa. Ndi panthawiyi pomwe kupanga mahomoni kumachuluka, ndipo zotsatira zake zimakhala zodalirika kwambiri.

Njira zochizira

Pambuyo pozindikira kuti mwazindikira, muyenera kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa shuga pafupipafupi.

Mayi wapakati amalandila izi:

• nthawi zonse tengani mkodzo wowunikira kuti mupeze matupi a ketone munthawi;
• mosamala kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa shuga 4 pa tsiku pamimba yopanda kanthu komanso maola awiri mutatha kudya;
• Nthawi zonse kuyeza kukakamiza;
• Osamadya kwambiri - kulemera sayenera kuchuluka ndi oposa 12 makilogalamu;
• sinthani zakudya;
• kusunthira zina.

Kuti muchepetse matenda a shuga pang'ono, zakudya zopatsa thanzi komanso zolimbitsa thupi zitha kukhala zokwanira.

Mkulu wa glucose akatsika, dokotala amamulembera jakisoni wa insulin. Mlingo wa mankhwalawa amawerengedwa potengera kuuma kwa zovuta.

Jekeseni amafunika kuuchotsa ndi ma syringe osataya ndipo musawononge khungu ndi mowa, chifukwa mowa umaletsanso insulin.

Zakudya kusintha matenda

Kusintha kadyedwe kanu ndi njira yabwino yosinthira shuga wamagazi anu. Muyenera kudya pafupipafupi, osayiwala kumwa malita awiri amadzi oyera tsiku lililonse.

Kuchuluka kwa chakudya cham'magazi othamanga kumayenera kuchepetsedwa, ndipo kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni ndi fiber ziyenera kuchuluka. Mlingo watsiku ndi tsiku sayenera kupitirira 1800 zopatsa mphamvu komanso zimakhala ndi 30% mapuloteni, 40% zovuta za mafuta ndi 30% mafuta. Chakudya cham'mawa ndi chakudya chotsiriza chimayenera kukhala ndi chakudya chamagulu.

Maziko a menyu azikhala:

• nsomba zochepa zamafuta ndi nyama;
• mbewu monga chimanga ndi mbale
• kuchepetsa zakudya zamkaka ndi tchizi, zonona ndi mafuta ochuluka kwambiri;
• zopangidwa ndi soya, mphodza;
• zipatso ndi masamba ambiri;
• nsomba zam'nyanja.

Kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito tomato, mbatata, anyezi. Kudya zipatso ndi zipatso zowawasa pang'ono, osapitilira apulo limodzi kapena lalanje patsiku.

Koma ayisikilimu, makamaka yophika kunyumba, azikhala mchere komanso wowonda. Muyenera kukana zakudya zokazinga ndikuwakonda kukazizira, kutsitsa komanso kuphika. About maswiti, mkate ndi makeke adzayiwalika.

Zinthu monga:

• masoseji ndi mbale zamafuta;
• Zakudya zouma ndi zamkati;
• nyama zotsiriza nyama;
• mafuta owaza;
• zipatso zokoma (vwende, nthochi);
• zakumwa zoziziritsa kukhosi.

Zambiri pazakudya za anthu odwala matenda ashuga mu kanema:

Pambuyo pokambirana ndi dokotala, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala azitsamba kuti muchepetse shuga:

• kabichi watsopano ndi msuzi wa karoti azithandizira kapamba;
• 50 g wa masamba a mabulosi, nkumangirira mphindi 30 mu lita imodzi ya madzi otentha ndikumwa theka kapu kanayi pa tsiku;
• ndikofunika kutenga decoctions a chamomile, clover, kudya cranberries watsopano, raspberries, sea buckthorn.

Masewera olimbitsa thupi

Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi osakwanira limodzi ndi kunenepa kwambiri ndi chimodzi mwazomwe zimayambitsa matenda a shuga. Chifukwa chake, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi pafupipafupi mwamphamvu kwambiri kungakhale njira yothandiza kwambiri yochiritsira komanso kupewa kuti matenda asungunuke.

Muyenera kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kuyang'ana bwino moyo wanu komanso osatsogolera kukuwoneka ngati chizungulire, kufupika ndi kuvulala. Ngati kupweteka kwam'mimba kumachitika, maphunzirowo ayenera kuyimitsidwa ndikuyang'ana kwa dokotala.

Mukamachita masewera olimbitsa thupi, ndikofunikira kupatula masewera olimbitsa thupi atolankhani. Ndikwabwino kuchita zofunikira, kutembenuka, kuzungulira ndi thupi. Zothandiza zimakhala kusambira, kuyenda, makalasi a aerobics. Sitikulimbikitsidwa kuchita masewera ovuta: kukwera njinga, kukwera m'mwamba, kuyenda pansi, kukwera mahatchi.

Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kumakonzekeretsa minofu kuti mugwire mwana, kukulitsa kamvekedwe ka thupi lonse ndikusintha momwe mumafunira

Phunziro la kanema wokhala ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi azimayi apakati:

Matenda a shuga komanso kubereka ana

Nthawi zambiri, zizindikiro za matenda ashuga pambuyo pobereka zimatha, ndipo shuga ndi wabwinobwino. Kotala yokha mwa azimayi omwe amasangalala ndi matenda a shuga atatha kutenga pakati.

Ngati kukula kwa mwana si nkhawa, ndiye kuti kubereka kumachitika mwachilengedwe kuwunika mtima wa mwana ndi kuwongolera shuga.

Mimba yomwe imachitika ndi matenda osokoneza bongo imatha kuyambitsa kuchepa kwa mwana wosabadwayo kapena kukula kwake kwakukulu. Potere, gawo la cesarean limachitidwa kuti muchepetse chiopsezo cha zovuta za kubadwa mwa mwana.

Wobadwa kumene amakhala ndi shuga wochepa m'magazi, omwe safuna kuwongoleredwa ndikuwabwezeretsa atatha kudyetsa.

Pambuyo pobadwa, kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'mayi ndi mwana kumapitilira kwakanthawi.

Kupewa matenda

Pathology imatha kuchitika panthawi ya bere, ngakhale mwa amayi athanzi labwino, omwe omwe shuga amawunika amawunikira nthawi zonse amakhala abwinobwino. Ngati kuchuluka kwa shuga kuwonedwa kale panthawi yam'mbuyomu, ndiye kuti mwayi wobwerera ndi matenda a shuga ndiwambiri.

Kutsatira njira zodzithandizira kungathandize kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha zovuta:

1. Muyenera kuwongolera kulemera kwanu mukamakonzekera kutenga pakati komanso nthawi yonse ya bere.
2. Zakudya za mayi wapakati ziyenera kukhala zokwanira ndipo sizikhala ndi mbale zomwe zingakulitse shuga wamagazi (maswiti, mbale za ufa, zakudya zotsekemera).
3. Pewani zizolowezi zoyipa. Nikotini ndi mowa zimachulukitsa shuga.
4. Gwiritsani ntchito njira zakulera mosamala musanakhale ndi pakati komanso mukabereka.
5. Mankhwala ena, monga prednisone, amatha kuchepetsa chidwi cha maselo kupita ku insulin.
6. Muzifufuza pafupipafupi. Hypertension nthawi zambiri imadzetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga.
7. Ulendo wopita kwa dokotala kuyambira ali ndi pakati ndikukhazikitsa zonse zomwe akulimbikitsa.
8. Matenda oyenda amayenda momasuka, kumangolimbitsa thupi komanso kugona mokwanira kumathandizira kuti mayiyu apitirire modekha komanso popanda zovuta.