Chithandizo cha matenda ashuga

Matenda a shuga ndi vuto lalikulu lazachipatala komanso chikhalidwe chamasiku athu ano, lodziwika ndi kulumala koyambirira kwa odwala komanso kufa pafupipafupi. Pali mitundu ingapo ya matendawa. Matenda a shuga a Type 1 amakhudza anthu 0,5% osakwana zaka 18, omwe ana amaposa theka la odwala onse. Njira yodwalitsa yomwe imayamba pakati pa amayi amapezeka mwa 3% mwa amayi.

"Matenda okoma" mtundu 2 umawoneka ngati mtundu wofala wa matenda, womwe umatsimikiziridwa mu 85% ya milandu yonse yazachipatala. Kuphatikiza apo, pafupifupi theka la odwala oyamba omwe ali kale ndi mavuto osiyanasiyana a mtima, impso, mawonedwe ophatikizidwa ndi mantha.

Werengani zambiri zamankhwala a matenda a shuga a m'nkhaniyi.

Mwachidule za matendawa

Mtundu wodalira insulini umadziwika ndi matenda a metabolism a carbohydrate, omwe amachitika chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa maselo achinsinsi a insulini. Vutoli limakhala ndi chizolowezi chokhala ndi ketoacidosis. Type 2 shuga mellitus amadziwika ndi zovuta zomwezo mu metabolism ya carbohydrate, koma amayamba chifukwa cha kusintha kwa chidwi cha maselo kupita ku maholide a pancreatic panthawi yabwinobwino ya insulin.

Mwazi wamagazi chachikulu ndikuwonetsedwa kwakukulu kwa mtundu uliwonse wa "matenda okoma"

Zoyambitsa zazikulu za matenda ashuga:

• kubadwa mwabadwa;
• pancreatic yotupa njira;
• kukhalapo kwa kuwonongeka kwamakina;
• uchidakwa;
• kunenepa
• mankhwala a nthawi yayitali;
• kupsinjika

Mwa munthu wathanzi, shuga amayamba kusefedwa kwathunthu mu impso glomeruli, ndipo kenako amatengeka ndi ma tubules. Ma glucose akangowerenga mopitilira malire ndikumalowetsa cholowa chovomerezeka, shuga amapezeka mumkodzo (vuto lotchedwa glucosuria). Thupi limayesetsa kuchotsa shuga pochepetsa magazi ake mothandizidwa ndi polyuria.

Izi zimatsogolera kumadzi. Mwazi umakhala wokulirapo, kudwala kwam'madzi, kufooka kumachitika. Ndi mawonekedwe odalira insulin, odwala amachepetsa thupi, ndi mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda, kunenepa kwambiri kumawonedwa nthawi zambiri. Pamene matenda akupita patsogolo, khungu, lilime ndi milomo zimakhala zouma, turgor amachepetsa kwambiri, kuyabwa ndi zotupa khungu.

Mfundo zachithandizo

Endocrinologist, wathanzi komanso physiotherapist amathandizira wodwala kulimbana ndi matenda ashuga. Pakadali pano, pali njira zatsopano zochizira matenda ashuga, komabe, zinthu zakale zachikhalidwe ndizomwe zimakhala zazikulu:

• zakudya mankhwala;
• mankhwala a shuga a mellitus (osiyanasiyana mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya matenda);
• kukonza mawonekedwe;
• zolimbitsa thupi zokwanira.

Munthu aliyense yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga ayenera kuyang'aniridwa pafupipafupi ndi endocrinologist

Zakudya zamankhwala

Chithandizo cha zakudya chimatengedwa ngati chimodzi mwazinthu zofunikira kwambiri polimbana ndi matenda ashuga. Cholinga chake ndi kubwezeretsa zovuta za metabolic, kulipiritsa matenda ndi matenda komanso kupewa kutulutsa zovuta. Mwa mitundu yonse yamatenda, mfundo zotsatirazi zamankhwala azakudya ziyenera kuonedwa:

• kupatula zakudya zokhala ndi chakudya chamafuta ambiri;
• kudya kwa kalori tsiku ndi tsiku kuyenera kufanana ndi kuwonongera mphamvu kwa wodwala;
• chakudya chakudyacho chimagawika pakati pa zakudya zonse;
• Ma protein okwanira ndi ma lipids, mavitamini, michere ndi mafuta ochulukirapo a polyunsaturated ayenera kuperekedwa;
• zakudya ziyenera kuchitika nthawi yomweyo;
• zakudya zomwe amakonda kudya pafupipafupi zimakondedwa - zakudya zimayenera kukhala ndi chakudya 4, ndipo ndi mtundu umodzi wa matenda, zowonjezera zofunikira zimafunikanso.

Zamasamba - Zinthu Zabwino Kwambiri Zosiyanasiyana

Zakudya zamatenda a shuga zimafuna kukanidwa kwathunthu kwa shuga. Sorbitol, xylitol ndi fructose angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati zotsekemera.

Zochita zolimbitsa thupi

Zakhala zikuwonetsedweratu kuti kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi okwanira sikungangochepetsa kuchuluka kwa magazi, kupititsa patsogolo thanzi labwino, kukulitsa mphamvu yogwira ntchito, kukhalanso ndi moyo, komanso kumakulitsa chidwi cha maselo amthupi kuti apange insulin, yomwe ndi yofunika kuti pakhale mtundu wa insulin wopanda matenda.

Momwe mungachiritsire matenda ashuga

Zochita zolimbitsa thupi zitha kuyambitsa mitundu ingapo yamavuto amthupi:

• kuchuluka kwa shuga sikusintha kwenikweni kapena ndi kuchuluka komweko kumatsika kukhala kwamagulu abwinobwino;
• glycemia amachepetsa kwambiri;
• kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kukukwera.

Kuchita koyamba kwa chamoyo kwa odwala matenda ashuga kumafanana ndi momwe thupi lathanzi limapangidwira. Izi ndizotheka pokhazikitsa chipukutiro cha matendawa. Gulu ili la odwala limadziwika ndi shuga ochepa masana, kusowa kwa chidwi cha hypoglycemia ndi ketoacidosis, komanso kuchuluka kwa glycogen m'chiwindi.

Kuchita kwachiwiri ndikotheka kwa odwala matenda ashuga omwe amakhala ndi matenda ochepa a endocrine. Njira yachitatu imayamba ndi kuwonongeka kwa matenda ashuga. Chizolowezi chochitika cha ketoacidosis ndi masamba a shuga pamtunda wa 15 mmol / l ndi zotsutsana ndi zolimbitsa thupi.

Masewera ndi gawo limodzi lamankhwala ochizira "matenda okoma"

Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi ndi njira yogwira yomwe imathandizira kuthana ndi matenda ashuga kumayambiriro kwa chitukuko ndikupanga chindapusa pa digiri yachiwiri komanso pambuyo pake. Katundu ayenera kukhala mwadongosolo komanso dosed, aliyense payekha utoto lililonse matenda.

Kuchizira kumatheka chifukwa choyenda, kuthamanga, kuyendetsa njinga, kusambira, kusewera tennis, yoga, skating ice, masewera.

Mankhwala

Mfundo za chithandizo cha matenda ashuga zimatengera mtundu wa endocrine matenda ndi magawo a chitukuko chake. Mtundu woyamba, mankhwala a insulin ndi omwe amalembedwa, mu mtundu 2, mumagwiritsidwa ntchito mankhwala ochepetsa shuga (ena mwa matenda a shuga omwe angapangidwenso ndi insulin).

Mankhwala a insulin

Chithandizo chotere cha matenda a shuga chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pafupifupi odwala onse omwe ali ndi mtundu umodzi wa matenda. Cholinga cha mankhwala a insulin:

• kuthandizira kwa shuga okwanira musanalowe m'thupi komanso pakati pa chakudya chachikulu;
• kuthandizira wodwalayo;
• mwayi wopeza njira yaulere ya wodwalayo;
• kuchotsedwa kwa cholesterol owonjezera m'thupi;
• matenda a lipids m'magazi;
• kupewa chitukuko cha matenda a mtima, mtsempha wamagazi ndi mantha dongosolo.

Kuti mumve zambiri popewa matenda amtundu 1 a shuga, onani nkhani iyi.

Mankhwala a insulin atha kupatsidwa mankhwala a mtundu 2.

Zizindikiro Zokwanira za:

• mawonetsero owoneka bwino a kuchepa kwa mahomoni a pancreatic;
• kuwonda kwambiri;
• chitukuko cha ketoacidosis;
• kufunika kwa kuchitapo kanthu;
• pachimake mtima mavuto;
• matenda opatsirana;
• Zizindikiro za shuga pamaso chakudya pamwamba 15 mmol / l;
• kusowa kwa chipukuta matendawa pogwiritsa ntchito othandizira a hypoglycemic.

Jekeseni wa insulin analogues - maziko a matenda a insulin-amadalira mawonekedwe a matenda

Njira yabwino ndiyo kuyambitsa insulin yayitali musanapume usiku, komanso kumwa mankhwala mwachidule musanadye. Chifukwa chake, yankho lalitali limapereka chiyambi chamapangidwe am'madzi, ndipo kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osakhalitsa kungachepetse vuto la hyperglycemia motsutsana ndi zakudya za thupi. Kuphatikiza apo, jakisoni wa wothandizapo kwa nthawi yayitali usiku amalepheretsa "chodabwitsa cham'mawa."

Oimira ma insulin analogue:

• Insuman Rapid, Humulin P - kukonzekera kwapafupi;
• Insuman Bazal, Protafan NM - ma insulini apakatikati;
• Ultratard NM, Ultralente MS - ma insulin aatali.

Werengani zambiri zamachiritso a matenda a shuga m'nkhaniyi.

Mwina zotheka insulin mankhwala

Thupi lawo siligwirizana limatha kuchitika m'malo kapena wamba. Potengera momwe mawonetseredwe am'deralo, ofiira, owuma, opweteka pang'ono, mapepala otentha amawonekera pamalo a jekeseni a insulin. Ndi mawonekedwe ophatikizika, mutha kudziwa kukhalapo kwa urticaria, zotupa pakhungu, kukokoloka pa mucous nembanemba zamkamwa ndi m'mphuno, nseru, kusanza, hyperthermia.

Mkhalidwe wotsatira ndi hypoglycemia. Kuchepa kwa shuga m'magazi kumachitika pamene insulin ikulowetsedwa pamlingo wokulirapo kuposa momwe zimafunikira, kudya kosakwanira kwa saccharides pambuyo pobayira pang'ono pakukonzekera, pamikhalidwe yovuta komanso kukhumudwa. Hypoglycemia imafuna thandizo mwachangu chifukwa choopsa kwambiri cha kufa.

Vuto linanso ndi kukula kwa insulin. Pali kuchepa kumvekera kwa maselo ndi minyewa kupita ku mahomoni a kapamba, chifukwa chomwe ikhoza kupitirira 100 IU ya insulini patsiku kuti ikwaniritse kufunika kobwezeretsa matendawa. Vutoli limapangidwa motsutsana ndi maziko a matenda a adrenal gland, gland gland ndi chithokomiro.

Chithandizo cha matenda ashuga chimatha kuphatikizidwa ndi lipodystrophy ngati wodwala amathandizidwa ndi mapampu a insulin. Makina a chitukuko cha matenda samadziwika bwino. Pali lingaliro loti kuvulala kwanthawi yayitali kwa nthambi zazing'onoting'ono zamitsempha kapena kugwiritsa ntchito insulin yoyenera yoyeretsedwa kumathandizira pathogeneis.

Othandizira kuchepetsa shuga

Gulu la mankhwalawa limagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda omwe amadziwikitsa pawokha. Mankhwala amkamwa amagawidwa m'magulu angapo:

• Zomwe zimachokera ku sulfonylureas ndi mankhwala omwe amatha kuchepetsa shuga m'magawo omwe maselo achinsinsi a insulin amagwira ntchito mokwanira. Oimira - Maninil, Diabetes, Glycvidon.
• Biguanides - mankhwala amachepetsa glycemia mosasamala kanthu za kugwira ntchito kwa maselo achinsinsi a insulin. Amachepetsa kuchepa kwa shuga kuchokera m'mimba m'magazi, kusintha momwe amapangidwira mapuloteni, kuchepetsa kulemera kwa wodwalayo, komanso kuchepetsa kudya. Izi zikuphatikizapo Metformin, Meridia.
• Digestive enzyme inhibitors beta-glycosidases (Acarbose) - imachepetsa mayamwidwe a saccharides kutalikirana matumbo onse.
• Glitazones ndi mankhwala amakono omwe amalimbikitsa chidwi cha maselo kuti apange insulin. Oimira gulu ndi Troglitazone, Rosiglitazone.

Mankhwala am`kamwa ndi gawo limodzi la mankhwala a endocrine okhazikika odziimira

Zofunika! Kulandila kwa mankhwala kuyenera kuchitika pokhapokha ngati dokotala akusankhidwa malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa mankhwala komanso njira yothandizira. Kudzipatsa nokha sikuloledwa.

Gland ndi insulin mobisa cell kupatsirana

Pakadali pano, nkhondo yolimbana ndi matenda ashuga imagwiritsa ntchito kufalikira kwa kapamba (wathunthu) kapena timalovu tating'ono ta Langerhans-Sobolev. Ngati dokotala wasankha kufalitsa chiwalo chonse, mavuto otsatilawa akhoza kukhala: chitetezo cha mthupi sichilandira kupatsirana chiwalo china, njira zotupa zimayamba, kudzimbidwa timayambitsa.

Pofuna kuthana ndi gland, mahomoni a adrenal cortex ndi cytostatics amagwiritsidwa ntchito. M'zaka zaposachedwa, maselo achinsinsi a insulin akhala akuziika mwachangu. Amabzyala "m'matumbo a rectus abdominis kapena m'chiwindi. Chithandizo choterocho cha shuga chimatha kulipirira "nthenda yokoma" ndikulepheretsa kukula kwa zovuta zam'mimba. Tsoka ilo, kulimba kwa kusintha kwa maselo ndikosakhalitsa ndipo kumatha chaka chimodzi.

Physiotherapy

Kubwezeretsa matenda a shuga, monga njira zamankhwala, kumaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito physiotherapy. Mutha kuthana ndi mawonekedwe owoneka pogwiritsa ntchito njira zotsatirazi:

• Hyperbaric oxygenation ya magazi;
• magnetotherapy;
• balneotherapy;
• electrophoresis;
• plasmapheresis;
• katemera.

Njira za anthu

Popeza ndizosatheka kuthetsa matenda ashuga, odwala amagwiritsa ntchito njira zonse zopewera matenda kuti apeze chipukutiro chokhazikika.

Phytotea - mankhwala omwe amachepetsa glycemia ndikuwonjezera chidwi cha maselo kupita ku mahomoni

Chinsinsi 1

Konzani zosakaniza izi:

• Udzu wa wort wa St. John - 3 tbsp.;
• maluwa osatha - 1 tsp;
• yarrow - 1 tsp;
• udzu wa knotweed - 1 tbsp

Thirani osakaniza ndi 1.5 malita a madzi, kubweretsa kwa chithupsa, chotsani ndi kutumiza kumalo amdima kuti kulowetsedwa. Ndikofunika kukonzekera kulowetsedwa kwamadzulo, kuti m'mawa muthe kutero. Imwani kapu kotala katatu patsiku.

Chinsinsi 2

Mutha kudya saladi potengera mankhwala azomera (masamba a dandelion, nettle, plantain, medunica, sorelo). Zoyenera kuchita ndi zigawo zikuluzikulu: zopangira ziyenera kutsukidwa, zouma, zophwanyika. Muyenera kudzaza ndi kirimu wowawasa kapena mafuta a masamba, onjezerani mchere pang'ono kuti mulawe.

Dziwani zambiri zamankhwala a matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri omwe ali ndi mankhwala wowerengeka m'nkhaniyi.

Popeza ndizosatheka kuchotsa shuga pakadali pano, munthu ayenera kutsatira upangiri wa adokotala kuti athandizire kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Izi zimathandiza kuti pakhale zovuta zingapo ndikukhalabe ndi moyo womwe wodwalayo azolowera.