Kodi matenda a shuga ndi insipidus: gulu, zizindikiro zazikulu ndi zizindikiro

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Mosiyana ndi malingaliro olakwika, chomwe chimayambitsa matenda ashuga sichingagwiritsidwe ntchito pakukhudza shuga wokha m'thupi.

Pali mtundu wa matenda monga matenda a shuga insipidus, omwe amadziwika kwambiri. Ngakhale kuti matendawa ndi osowa, amuna ndi akazi ali pachiwopsezo.

Akuluakulu azaka zapakati pa 20 mpaka 35 ndi omwe amatha kupezeka ndi matendawa, komabe, milandu yodziwitsa ana izi sizachilendo.

Ichi ndi chiyani

Matenda a shuga ndi matenda ochititsa chidwi omwe amaphatikizana ndi kuphwanya mapangidwe a vasopressin kapena zolakwika zomwe zimachitika kuchokera ku impso.

Amayang'anira ntchito yosunga madzi mthupi la munthu, kuonjezera kuchuluka kwa mkodzo komanso kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwake. Kuchokera pakuchepa kwa timadzi tomwe timayamwa, kuwopsa kwa zizindikiro za matendawa kumawonekeranso.

Gulu

Kutengera ndi gwero la vutoli, mitundu yotsatilayi yamatenda imasiyanitsidwa kwambiri:

  • wapakati (kapena hypothalamic). Molumikizidwa mwachindunji ndi zofooka mu hypothalamus, kapena, kuchepa kwapang'onopang'ono kwa chinsinsi cha vasopressin mmenemo kapena kugawa kwake kolakwika m'magazi ndi gawo la ubongo wamanjenje;
  • nephrogenic (aimpso). Zimakhudzana ndikuphwanya komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha impso za vasopressin chifukwa cha zovuta zilizonse. Nthawi yomweyo, mulingo wa kupangika kwa mahomoni umakhalabe wabwinobwino, koma kuletsa kumasulidwa kwamadzi kudutsa impso kumaphwanyidwa. Choyipa choipitsitsa cha impso mpaka vasopressin, ndi kuchuluka kwa madzi amadzimadzi ochokera m'thupi.

Zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa

Matenda a shuga angatengere kapena kubereka.

Pomwe gwero la matendawa silingakhazikike, amalankhula za mtundu wa idiopathic wa pathology, womwe umakhala 70% ya milandu yonse.

Ndi matenda amtundu, chiwonetsero cha kupatuka uku chikuwoneka m'mibadwo ingapo, chomwe chimayamba chifukwa cha kusintha kwa ma genotypic, zomwe zimachitika ndikuphwanya kapangidwe ka timadzi tating'onoting'ono. Izi ndichifukwa chakubadwa kolakwika pakapangidwe kazinthu zina zaubongo.

Matenda a shuga atha kupezedwa ndikuwonekera chifukwa cha matenda ena kapena kuvulala. Mwachitsanzo:

  • matenda opatsirana (matenda opatsirana pogonana, chifuwa chachikulu, chimfine, tonsillitis);
  • kuvulala kwamkati kwa ubongo;
  • chifukwa cha opareshoni;
  • kuzungulira kwa matenda;
  • kuthamanga kwa magazi;
  • zotupa ndi edematous njira ya ubongo chotupa;
  • aakulu aimpso kulephera;
  • kumwa mankhwala ena;
  • matenda ena a impso.
Mavuto omwe nthawi zina amakumana nawo amayambitsa matendawo. Komabe, siyosapweteka (ngakhale kulimbikira) mwachilengedwe ndipo imazimiririka ndi chithandizo choyenera.

Nthawi zina matendawa omwe amafunsidwa amatha kuoneka popanda kukhalapo kwa matenda aliwonse. Pakusintha kwa mahomoni mwa amayi apakati, transistor shuga insipidus nthawi zina imachitika, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimatha mwadzidzidzi mwana akabadwa.

Zizindikiro zake

Zizindikiro za matenda a shuga insipidus ndizovuta kuzisokoneza ndi matenda ena aliwonse, chifukwa zimatchulidwa komanso zimakhala zachindunji.

Matendawa ali ndi dzina lina - "shuga", lomwe limawonetsa chizindikiro chachikulu cha matendawa - polyuria.

Masana, thupi lamunthu limatulutsa malita asanu ndi limodzi mpaka khumi ndi awiri amadzimadzi, omwe amapitilira muyeso wachilengedwe. Chilimbikitso chimbudzi chimakhala chambiri, koma, mosiyana ndi polakiuria, mkodzo nthawi imodzi ndizowonjezera kapena mkati mwamavomerezeka.

Popeza madzi samatengedwa ndi thupi, magawikidwewo amachitika pafupifupi kuchuluka komweko ngati kunyamula kwake.

Mtsempha umakhala wopanda khungu. Kafukufuku wa Laborator amakhazikitsa zinthu zotsika za urea, uric acid, mchere.

Chizindikiro chachikulu chachiwiri cha matendawa ndi polydipsia, momwe mumakhala ludzu losatha.

Ngati kuchuluka kwa madzi okwanira kumatulutsa pafupifupi malita awiri, ndiye kuti wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda a shuga amatha kumwa mpaka makumi awiri patsiku. Ndi zonsezi, thupi limavutika ndi kusowa kwa madzi ngakhale pamaselo a m'manja, omwe amawonetsedwa ndi mawonekedwe a wodwalayo.

Kuchepetsa thukuta, kukhazikika ndi ming'alu kumaonekera pamalo owuma a mucous membranes ndi khungu. Popeza maliseche a mkazi amaphatikizidwa ndi mucous membrane, kukhudzana ndi kugonana kumayambitsa kuyabwa, kuwotcha komanso kusasangalala.

Zizindikiro zosatchulidwa za matendawa ndi izi:

  • kuchepa kapena kusowa kudya kwathunthu;
  • kuwonda chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa madzi kuchokera mthupi, kuchepa kwamisempha, mafuta amthupi;
  • kuchepa kwamadzi kumachepetsa kuchuluka kwa magazi ozungulira, omwe amachepetsa kuthamanga kwake pazitseko zamitsempha yamagazi, kotero kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi kuperewera kwamadzi kumatha kutsika kwambiri.

Zonsezi sizingakhudze momwe wodwalayo alili. Nthawi zambiri, mothandizidwa ndi zizindikiro ngati izi, zimakhala zovuta kuti munthu agone kwakanthawi, zomwe zimayambitsa mantha ambiri, kusalingalira pamalingaliro, kulephera kukhazikika, kusasangalala ndi chidwi.

Kuzindikira ndi njira zamankhwala

Matenda a shuga palokha sindiwo matenda odziyimira pawokha, koma amakula monga momwe thupi limagwirira masinthidwe amchiberekero cha ubongo kapena impso.

Chifukwa chake, mankhwalawa amapita mbali ziwiri: kupondereza zizindikiro ndi chithandizo chomwe chingapatsidwe matenda.

Kuzindikira matendawa, monga lamulo, sikubweretsa zovuta, popeza zizindikiro zake zimakhala zachindunji komanso ali ndi mphamvu yowonetsera.

Choyamba, choyambitsa kuphwanya chimakhazikitsidwa, komanso mtundu wamatendawa (wobadwa nawo kapena wotengedwa). Zakudya zouma zimayikidwa - njira yotsimikizika ndi chakudya kuchokera kwa anthu kuti adziwe kuchuluka kwa impso ndikuwachotsa matenda osokoneza bongo omwe amayambitsa matenda.

Nthawi zina zotupa zakumwa tsiku ndi tsiku zimayezedwa Thupi la Transistor nthawi zambiri silifuna mankhwala, pokhapokha ngati madzi atha thupi kwambiri.

Fomu yapakati imathandizidwa ndi mahomoni opanga antidiuretic ndi kukondoweza kwa vasopressin kupanga ndi mankhwala.

Ndi mtundu wa aimpso, njira yothandizira zakudya muzakumwa imagwiritsidwa ntchito - mapuloteni amachepetsedwa kuti achepetse kulemetsa kwa impso.

Chithandizo cha mankhwala osokoneza bongo chimaphatikizapo mankhwala othana ndi kutupa ndi thiazide diuretics. Ndi kobadwa nako hypothalamic shuga insipidus kapena kusintha kwa matenda osachiritsika, chithandizo chamankhwala chikhala chofunikira pamoyo wonse.

Makanema okhudzana nawo

Momwe mavalidwe a shuga a impso amawonekera mu kanema:

Matendawa sakuwaika pachiwopsezo cha moyo ndipo, ndi chithandizo choyenera, sizimabweretsa vuto. Kubwezeretsa kumachitika pamene gwero lenileni la matendawa limachiritsidwa, ngakhale izi sizichitika kawirikawiri.

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