Insulin Insuman (Rapid ndi Bazal) - malangizo a momwe angabwezeretsere

Posachedwa, dziko lapansi lichita chikondwerero cha zana la kugwiritsa ntchito insulin kupulumutsa miyoyo ya anthu odwala matenda ashuga. Kupambana kwakukulu pakukhazikitsa thanzi la mamiliyoni a anthu odwala matenda ashuga ndi amtundu wa insulin waumunthu, womwe ndi Insuman.

Mankhwalawa ndi chipani cha nkhawa ya Sanofi, yomwe imatulutsa odziwika a Lantus, Apidra ndi Tujeo. Gawo la Insuman pamsika wa insulin ndi pafupifupi 15%. Malinga ndi anthu odwala matenda ashuga, yankho ndi losavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, lomwe limadziwika ndi mtundu wonse wapamwamba. Pali mitundu iwiri ya insulini pamzere: wa Insuman Bazal ndi waufupi wa Insuman Rapid.

Kodi mankhwalawa amagwira ntchito bwanji?

Insuman ndi insulin yopangidwa ndi anthu. Pa kukula kwa mafakitale, timadzi timene timapanga timabakiteriya. Poyerekeza ndi ma insulins omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kale, kupanga ma genetic kumakhala ndi zotsatira zokhazikika komanso kuyeretsa kwapamwamba.

M'mbuyomu, cholinga cha mankhwala a insulin chinali kulimbana ndi imfa. Ndi kuyamba kwa insulin ya anthu, vutoli lasintha. Tsopano tikulankhula zochepetsera chiopsezo cha zovuta komanso moyo wathunthu wa odwala. Inde, kukwaniritsa izi pa insulin analogues ndikosavuta, koma pa Insuman okhazikika kulipira matenda ashuga ndikotheka. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kuwerenga mosamala malangizo a mankhwalawo, momwe amagwirira ntchito, kuphunzira momwe angawerengere mlingo wake moyenera komanso kusintha kwake panthawi yake.

Matenda a shuga ndi kupsinjika kudzakhala chinthu chakale

• Matenda a shuga -95%
• Kuthetsa kwa mitsempha thrombosis - 70%
• Kuthetsa kwa kugunda kwamtima kwamphamvu -90%
• Kuthana ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi - 92%
• Kuwonjezeka kwa mphamvu masana, kukonza kugona usiku -97%

Kuphatikizika kwa mahomoni mu kapamba amoyo wathanzi sikuyenda bwino. Kutulutsa kwakukulu kwa insulin kumachitika poyankha glucose omwe amalowa m'mitsempha yamagazi kuchokera chakudya. Komabe, ngati munthu ali ndi njala kapena akugona, ndiye kuti insulin ilipo m'magazi, ngakhale zili zochepa kwambiri - pamlingo wotchedwa basal. Kupanga kwa timadzi timene timayamwa ndi matenda ashuga, mankhwala othandizira amayamba. Izi nthawi zambiri zimafuna mitundu iwiri ya insulin. Mulingo woyambira umalingalira Insuman Bazal, imalowa m'magazi pang'onopang'ono, kwa nthawi yayitali komanso m'magawo ang'onoang'ono. Shuga mutatha kudya amapangidwira kuti muchepetse Insuman Rapid, yomwe imafikira zombo mwachangu kwambiri.

Makhalidwe oyerekeza a Insumans:

Malamulo ogwiritsira ntchito

Kufunika kwa insulin ndi munthu aliyense payekha wodwala matenda ashuga. Monga lamulo, odwala omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 2 komanso kunenepa kwambiri amafunikira mahomoni ambiri. Malinga ndi malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito, pafupifupi patsiku, odwala amapaka jekeseni 1 mpaka 1 kilogalamu ya mankhwala. Chiwerengerochi chikuphatikiza Insuman Bazal komanso Rapid. Insulin yochepa imakhala 40-60% ya zosowa zonse.

Insuman Bazal

Popeza Insuman Bazal GT imagwira ntchito osakwana tsiku limodzi, muyenera kuyikamo kawiri: m'mawa mutatha kuyeza shuga komanso musanagone. Mlingo wa makina aliwonse amawerengedwa mosiyana. Pazomwezi, pali mitundu yapadera yomwe imaganizira kukhudzidwa kwa chidwi cha mahomoni ndi data ya glycemia. Mlingo woyenera uyenera kusunga kuchuluka kwa shuga panthawi yomwe wodwala matenda ashuga ali ndi njala.

Insuman Bazal ndi kuyimitsidwa, panthawi yosungirako imatulutsa: pamwamba pali yankho lomveka bwino, pansi pali choyera choyera. Pamaso pa jekeseni iliyonse, mankhwala osokoneza bongo muyenera kusakaniza bwino. Momwe kuyimitsidwa kumayambira, ndiye kuti mlingo womwe umafunawo udzalembetsedwa. Insuman Bazal ndiyosavuta kukonzekera kuposa makola ena apakati. Kupangitsa kusanganikirana, ma cartridge amakhala ndi mipira itatu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikwaniritse bwino homogeneity wa kuyimitsidwa pamitundu isanu ndi umodzi yokha ya cholembera.

Insuman Rapid

Short Insuman Rapid GT jekeseni musanadye, nthawi zambiri patsiku. Imayamba kugwira ntchito patatha mphindi 30, ndiye kuti jakisoni uyenera kuchitidwa pasadakhale. Pofuna kukonza chindapusa cha shuga, ndikofunikira kukwaniritsa zomwe zimachitika polandila magawo a insulin ndi shuga m'magazi.

Kuti muchite izi, muyenera:

1. Yambitsani chakudya chanu pang'onopang'ono ndi mapuloteni. Zakudya zomanga thupi mwachangu zimasiyidwa kumapeto kwa chakudya.
2. Idyani pang'ono pakati pa zakudya zazikulu. Pazakudya zoziziritsa kukhosi, 12-20 g yamafuta okwanira ndizokwanira.

Mlingo wa Insuman Rapid umatsimikiziridwa ndi kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamagulu m'zakudya ndi zotsatira zaminyewa zina. Mlingo wowerengeredwa moyenera umakupatsani mwayi kuti muchotse shuga onse azotengera mu chakudya.

Kuthamanga insulini kumakhala kowonekera nthawi zonse, simuyenera kusakaniza, cholembera chitha kugwiritsa ntchito popanda kukonzekera.

Njira yolowetsera

Insuman imapangidwa ndi wopanga mu mawonekedwe a Mbale 5 ml, 3 ml cartridgeges ndi syringe pens. M'malo ogulitsa ku Russia, ndizosavuta kugula mankhwala omwe amaikidwa mu zolembera za SoloStar syringe. Amakhala ndi 3 ml ya insulin ndipo sangathe kugwiritsidwa ntchito mankhwala atatha.

Momwe mungalowere Insuman:

1. Kuchepetsa ululu wa jakisoni ndikuchepetsa chiopsezo cha lipodystrophy, mankhwala omwe ali mu cholembera amayenera kukhala kutentha kwambiri.
2. Asanagwiritse ntchito, katiriji amayang'aniridwa mosamala kuti awone zowonongeka. Kuti wodwala asasokoneze mitundu ya insulini, zolembera za syringe zimalembedwa ndi mphete zachikuda zofanana ndi utoto wa zolembedwa paphukusili. Insuman Bazal GT - zobiriwira, Rapid GT - chikasu.
3. Insuman Bazal imakulungidwa pakati pa kanjedza kangapo kuti isakanikane.
4. Akutenga singano yatsopano pa jakisoni aliyense. Gwiritsani ntchito ntchito yanu kuwonongeka. Masingano ali konsekonse ali ngati zolembera za SoloStar: MicroFine, Insupen, NovoFine ndi ena. Kutalika kwa singano kumasankhidwa malinga ndi kukula kwa mafuta ochulukirapo.
5. Cholembera cha syringe chimakulolani kuti muzimudula kuyambira 1 mpaka 80 mayunitsi. Insumana, kulondola kwa dosing - 1 unit. Mwa ana ndi odwala pazakudya zochepa za carb, kufunika kwa mahomoni kungakhale kochepa kwambiri, amafunikira kulondola kwapamwamba pakukhazikitsa. SoloStar siyabwino pamilandu yotere.
6. Insuman Rapid makamaka imakanthidwa m'mimba, Insuman Bazal - ntchafu kapena matako.
7. Pambuyo pakuyambitsa yankho, singano imasiyidwa m'thupi kwa masekondi 10 ena kuti mankhwalawo asayambe kutulutsa.
8. Mukatha kugwiritsa ntchito, singano imachotsedwa. Insulin imawopa kuwala kwa dzuwa, chifukwa chake muyenera kutseka cartridge mwachangu ndi kapu.

Zotsatira zoyipa

Ngati mankhwalawa akaperekedwa kuposa momwe amafunikira, hypoglycemia imachitika. Ndizotheka kwambiri chifukwa cha mtundu wa insulin. Hypoglycemia imatha kuvuta msanga, kotero ngakhale madontho pang'ono a shuga omwe amakhala pansi pazoyenera ayenera kuchotsedwa nthawi yomweyo.

Zotsatira zoyipa za Insuman mulinso:

1. Chiwopsezo kwa zigawo za yankho. Nthawi zambiri zimafotokozedwa poyabwa, redness, zotupa m'dera loyang'anira. Nthawi zambiri (malinga ndi malangizo, zosakwana 1%) anaphylactic zimachitika: bronchospasm, edema, dontho dontho, mantha.
2. Kusungidwa kwa sodium. Nthawi zambiri zimawonedwa kumayambiriro kwa chithandizo, pamene shuga kuchokera pamitundu yambiri imatsika kupita kwazonse. Hypernatremia imayendera limodzi ndi edema, kuthamanga kwa magazi, ludzu, kusokonekera.
3. Kapangidwe ka ma antibodies kupita ku insulin mthupi kumadziwika ndi chithandizo chambiri cha insulin. Poterepa, kuchuluka kwa Insuman kumafunikira. Ngati mlingo womwe mukufuna ndi waukulu kwambiri, wodwalayo amasamutsidwa kupita ku mtundu wina wa insulin kapena mankhwala a immunosuppress.
4. Kusintha kwakukulu pakubwezeretsanso shuga kungayambitse kuwonongeka kwakanthawi.

Nthawi zambiri, thupi limazolowera pang'onopang'ono insulin, ndipo matupi awo sagwirizana. Ngati zotsatira zoyipa zikuopseza moyo (anaphylactic shock) kapena sizimatha pambuyo pa masabata awiri, ndikofunika kusintha mankhwalawo ndi analog. Insuman Bazal GT - Humulin NPH kapena Protafan, Rapid GT - Actrapid, Rinsulin kapena Humulin Regular. Mankhwalawa amasiyana muziperekazi. Mbiri yakuchitachita ndi yomweyo kwa iwo. Akadwala insulin yaumunthu, amasinthana ndi ma insulin analogues.

Mtengo wa Insuman ndi wofanana ndi mtengo wamisonkho yake. Mankhwala omwe amapezeka m'matende a syringe amatenga ruble 1100. pa 15 ml (mayunitsi 1500, ma cholembera asanu). Isofan-insulin imaphatikizidwa pamndandanda wazamankhwala ofunika, momwe odwala matenda ashuga alili kuthekera kolandila kwaulere.

Contraindication

Malinga ndi malangizo, kutsutsana kwathunthu kuti mugwiritse ntchito kumangokhala hypoglycemia komanso zovuta zomwe zimagwidwa. Ngati mankhwala a insulini adayikidwa, amatha kusokonezedwa ndi mgwirizano ndi dokotala, chifukwa pakakhala kuti palibe mankhwala ena okhudzana ndi mahomoni a hyperglycemia amapezeka msanga, ndiye ketoacidosis ndi chikomokere. Odwala matendawa nthawi zambiri amatenga insulin kuchipatala.

Zophwanya zotsatirazi sizotsutsana, koma muyenera izi:

• insuman imachotsedwa pang'ono ndi impso, chifukwa chake, kuperewera kwa ziwalo izi, mankhwalawa amatha kulowa mkati mthupi ndikupangitsa hypoglycemia. Mu odwala matenda ashuga omwe ali ndi nephropathy ndi matenda ena a impso, kuwunika kwawo mosavomerezeka kumayang'aniridwa nthawi zonse. Kufunika kwa insulin kumatha kuchepa pang'onopang'ono ukalamba, pamene ntchito ya impso imachepa pazifukwa zakuthupi;
• pafupifupi 40% ya insulini imachotsedwa ndi chiwindi. Chiwalo chomwechi chimapanga gawo lina la glucose lomwe limalowa m'magazi. Kukhala kwa hepatatic kumabweretsa kuchuluka kwa Insuman ndi hypoglycemia;
• kufunikira kwa mahomoni kumachulukirachulukira ndimatenda oyanjana, makamaka ndi matenda owopsa omwe amatsatiridwa ndi kutentha;
• odwala omwe ali ndi zovuta za matenda ashuga, hypoglycemia ndi woopsa kwambiri. Ndi angiopathy ndi kufinya kwamitsempha, kumatha kudzetsa kugunda kwa mtima ndi sitiroko, ndi retinopathy - kulephera kuwona. Kuti muchepetse chiwopsezo cha zotsatira zotere, kuchuluka kwa glucose kwa odwala kumachulukitsidwa pang'ono, ndipo Mlingo wa insuman umachepetsedwa;
• zochita za insulin zimatha kusintha mothandizidwa ndi zinthu zingapo zomwe zimalowa m'magazi: Mowa, mahomoni, antihypertensives ndi mankhwala ena. Mankhwala aliwonse ayenera kuvomerezana ndi dokotala. Ndikofunikira kukonzekera kuti chiphatso cha matenda osokoneza bongo chiziwonjezereka, ndikufunika kusintha kwa mlingo wa insuman.

Mlingo wofunikira wa Insuman wokhala ndi matenda amtundu wa 2 ungachepetse pang'onopang'ono ngati kukana insulini kumachepa. Matenda a kunenepa kwambiri, zakudya zamafuta ochepa, komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi pafupipafupi kumabweretsa kuchepa koteroko.

Malangizo apadera

Hypoglycemia ndiye njira yovuta kwambiri ya insulin mankhwala, choncho gawo lina lodzigawikiratu limadzipereka potsatira malangizo a Insuman. Chiwopsezo cha kutsika koopsa kwa shuga ndikofunikira kwambiri kumayambiriro kwa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa insulin, pomwe wodwalayo amangophunzira kuwerengera mlingo wa mankhwalawo. Pakadali pano, kuwunika kwambiri shuga kumalimbikitsidwa: mita imagwiritsidwa ntchito osati m'mawa komanso asanadye, komanso pang'onopang'ono.

Hypoglycemia imayimitsidwa pazizindikiro zoyambirira kapena zokhala ndi shuga ochepa, ngakhale sizikhudza thanzi. Zizindikiro zowopsa: mantha, ludzu, kunjenjemera, dzanzi kapena kumva kutulutsa lilime ndi milomo, thukuta, matupa, mutu. Kuwonjezeka kwa hypoglycemia kumatha kukayikiridwa ndikukhudzidwa, kusadziletsa komanso kugwirizanitsa. Akatha kuzindikira, vutoli limakulirakulira, chikomokere cha hypoglycemic chimayamba.

Nthawi zambiri matenda obwera chifukwa cha hypoglycemia amayambiranso, pamene odwala matenda ashuga amayamba kuzindikira zizindikiro zake, ndipo pamakhala kowopsa shuga. Hypoglycemia pafupipafupi imafuna kusintha kwa mlingo wa Insuman. Thandizo Loyambirira la Ashuga Otsika - 20 g shuga. Mlingo uwu ukhoza kupitilira pazochulukirapo, popeza kuchuluka kwa chakudya champhamvu kwambiri kumabweretsa chiwonetsero chazovuta - hyperglycemia.

Vuto lalikulu la hyperglycemia ndi ketoacidotic chikomokere. Nthawi zambiri amakula kwa masiku angapo, choncho wodwala amakhala ndi nthawi yochitapo kanthu. Nthawi zina, kuyambira ketoacidosis kupita ku chikomokere, ndimatha maola ochepa, kotero muyenera kuchepetsa shuga yambiri itapezeka. Zolinga izi gwiritsani ntchito insuman yokha mwachangu. Monga lamulo wamba, 1 unit ikuyenera kuchepetsa glycemia ndi 2 mmol / L. Insuman. Popewa hypoglycemia, shuga mu gawo loyamba amachepetsedwa 8. Kuwongolera zomwe zimachitika kumachitika patatha maola ochepa, pomwe nthawi yovulala kale yatha.