Momwe mungasinthire (kuperekera) insulin kwa odwala matenda ashuga

Kuti musunge shuga moyenera pakanthawi koyenera mothandizidwa ndi insulin, kuthekera kuwerengera mulingo woyenera sikokwanira. Ndikofunikanso kubayira insulini molondola: sankhani ndikudzaza syringe, perekani pakuzama kwa jakisoni ndikuwonetsetsa kuti jakisoni wovulalayo amakhalabe mu minofu ndikuchita panthawi.

Ndi njira yabwino yoyendetsera, mankhwalawa amatha kukhala osapweteka komanso kuchepetsa moyo wa wodwala matenda ashuga. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga a 2 a nthawi yayitali, omwe, chifukwa choopa jakisoni, akuyesera zomwe angathe kuti achedwetse kuyamba kwa kugwiritsa ntchito insulin. Ndi matenda amtundu 1, kukhazikika kwa mahomoni ndi njira yofunika kubwezeretsedwera shuga, shuga m'magazi ndikukhazikika kwa wodwala.

Chifukwa chiyani makonzedwe oyenera a insulin amafunikira

Njira yovomerezeka ya jakisoni wa insulin imakupatsani mwayi woti mupereke:

Matenda a shuga ndi kupsinjika kudzakhala chinthu chakale

• Matenda a shuga -95%
• Kuthetsa kwa mitsempha thrombosis - 70%
• Kuthetsa kwa kugunda kwamtima kwamphamvu -90%
• Kuthana ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi - 92%
• Kuwonjezeka kwa mphamvu masana, kukonza kugona usiku -97%

• pazokwanira (pafupifupi 90%) ndi kulowetsedwa kwakanthawi kwa mankhwalawo m'magazi.
• kuchepa kwamphamvu kwa hypoglycemia.
• kusowa kwa zowawa.
• ochepa kuvulala khungu ndi subcutaneous mafuta.
• Popeza hematomas pambuyo jakisoni.
• kuchepa kwa chiwopsezo cha lipohypertrophy - kukula kwa minofu yamafuta m'malo owonongeka pafupipafupi.
• Kuchepetsa mantha a jakisoni, mantha kapena kupsinjika kwa malingaliro musanalowe jekeseni aliyense.

Njira yayikulu yogwiritsira ntchito insulin yolondola ndi shuga wabwinobwino pambuyo podzuka ndi masana maola angapo mutatha kudya.

Zoyenera, anthu odwala matenda ashuga omwe ali ndi mitundu yonse ya matenda ayenera kupeza jakisoni, mosaganizira cholinga cha mankhwala a insulin, komanso abale ndi abale awo. Ndi matenda a 2 a shuga, kulumpha mwadzidzidzi mu shuga ndikotheka chifukwa cha kuvulala, kupsinjika kwakukulu, matenda omwe amayenda ndi kutupa. Nthawi zina, hyperglycemia imatha kusokoneza kwambiri kagayidwe kachakudya, mpaka kufika pa chikomokere (werengani za hyperglycemic coma). Pankhaniyi, jakisoni wa insulin ndiye njira yabwino kwambiri yosungitsira thanzi la wodwalayo.

Njira yomwe mungasankhire

Kusankha kwa chiwembu komwe kumayenera kuperekera insulin mu shuga mellitus kumachitika ndi adokotala. Asanapange mankhwala, amayesa magawo omwe matendawa akuchitika, kupezeka kwa zovuta, malingaliro a wodwalayo, mwayi wophunzitsidwa kwake, kufunitsitsa kwake kuyesetsa kuthana ndi matenda a shuga.

Zachikhalidwe

Njira yodziwira mankhwala a insulin ndiyosavuta kwambiri. Ndibwino kuti mukubayidwa katatu kokha patsiku, kuyeza shuga, ngakhale zochepa. Kuphweka kwa regimen iyi ya insulin mankhwala, mwatsoka, kumasintha kukhala kotsika kwake. Shuga mwa odwala imasungidwa kwambiri pa 8 mmol / L, kotero pazaka zambiri apeza zovuta za matenda ashuga - mavuto amitsempha ndi samanjenje. Chakudya chilichonse chomwe chimakhala ndi mafuta ambiri patebulopo chimasandukanso chiphuphu china. Kuti achepetse shuga, odwala matenda ashuga pachikhalidwe amachepetsa kwambiri zakudya zawo, kuwonetsetsa kuti azikhala ndi chakudya chambiri, monga momwe odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga amathandizira.

Zambiri

Regimen yolimba kwambiri imaphatikizapo jekeseni osachepera 5 patsiku. Awiri mwa iwo ndi a insulin yayitali, 3 ndi yochepa. Shuga amayenera kuyezedwa m'mawa, asanadye komanso pokonzekera kugona. Nthawi iliyonse yomwe mukufunikira kuwerengetsanso kuchuluka kwa magawo a tsiku ndi tsiku, insulini yachangu imafunikira kubayidwa. Koma palibe zoletsa zilizonse mu njira iyi ya insulin yothandizira: mutha kuchita chilichonse, chinthu chachikulu ndikuwerengera zomwe zimapezeka mumbale ndikupanga jakisoni wa kuchuluka kwa insulini.

Palibe maluso apadera a masamu omwe adzafunikire pa izi, kuwerengera kuchuluka kwa insulini, chidziwitso pamlingo woyambira masukulu ndi chokwanira. Kuti mupeze jakisoni molondola, sabata la zokwanira limakwanira. Tsopano chiwembuchi chimaonedwa kuti ndi chotsogola kwambiri komanso chothandiza, kugwiritsa ntchito kwake kumapereka zovuta zochepa komanso nthawi yayitali ya moyo wa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga.

Kodi ndingalowetsereni insulin kwa odwala matenda ashuga?

Muyenera kubaya insulin pansi pakhungu, m'matumbo a adipose. Chifukwa chake, malo omwe jakisoni amayenera kuchitidwa bwino azikhala ndi mafuta oyambira:

1. Mimba ndi malo kuchokera ku nthiti zotsika kupita kumapazi, kuphatikiza mbali ndi njira yocheperako kumbuyo, komwe nthawi zambiri mafambo amapanga. Simungathe kubayira insulin mumchombo ndi kuyandikira kuposa 3 cm.
2. Matako - quadrant pansi pamunsi kumbuyo pang'ono pafupi ndi mbali.
3. Mchiuno - Kutsogolo kwa mwendo kuyambira poyambira mpaka pakati pa ntchafu.
4. Mbali yakunja ya phewa imachokera pachiwuno mpaka kumapeto. M'derali jakisoni imaloledwa pokhapokha ngati pali mafuta okwanira pamenepo.

Kuthamanga ndi kukwana kwa kuyamwa kwa insulin kuchokera m'malo osiyanasiyana amthupi ndi kosiyana. Mwachangu komanso chokwanira kwambiri, timadzi timene timalowa m'magazi kuchokera m'matumbo am'mimba. Pang'onopang'ono - kuchokera phewa, matako, makamaka kutsogolo kwa ntchafu. Chifukwa chake, kubayirira insulin m'mimba ndizabwino kwambiri. Ngati wodwala amangopatsidwa insulin yayitali, ndibwino kuti muibayetsere m'derali. Koma ndi regimen yochizira kwambiri, ndibwino kupulumutsa m'mimba chifukwa cha insulini yochepa, chifukwa pamenepa shuga amapititsidwira minofu yomweyo, chifukwa ikalowa m'magazi. Ngati jakisoni wa insulin yayitali pamenepa, ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito m'chiuno ndi matako. Ultrashort insulini imatha kubayidwa m'malo aliwonse awa, chifukwa ilibe kusiyana pamlingo wodziwika kuchokera m'malo osiyanasiyana. Ngati kubaya insulin panthawi yoyembekezera m'mimba ndikovuta m'maganizo, mogwirizana ndi adotolo, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mkono kapena ntchafu.

Mlingo wa kulowa kwa insulin m'magazi umachulukitsa ngati malo a jakisoni amawenthetsedwa ndi madzi otentha kapena amangowaza. Komanso, kulowa kwa timadzi timeneti kumachitika mwachangu m'malo omwe minofu imagwira ntchito. Malo omwe insulin ingalowetsedwe posachedwa sayenera kupitilira ndi kusuntha mwachangu. Mwachitsanzo, ngati mukukonzekera kuyenda mtunda wautali, ndibwino kuti mupeze mankhwalawo m'mimba, ndipo ngati mukufuna kupinikiza utolankhani - m'chiuno. Mwa mitundu yonse ya insulini, chowopsa kwambiri ndi kuyamwa mwachangu kwa ma analogi omwe amagwira ntchito nthawi yayitali;

Masamba obayira ayenera kusinthidwa pafupipafupi. Mutha kumudula mankhwalawo mtunda wa 2 cm kuchokera pamalo omwe adabayira kale. Jekeseni wachiwiri pamalo omwewo pakatha masiku atatu ngati palibe pakhungu.

Kuphunzira kubayira insulin molondola

Kukula kwa insulin sikufunika, chifukwa pamenepa zochita za timadzi timene zimakulirakulira mosakayikira, chifukwa chake, kutsika kwamphamvu kwa shuga kumakhala kwakukulu. Ndikotheka kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha insulini kulowa mu minofu, m'malo mwa adipose minofu, posankha syringe yolondola, malo ndi njira ya jakisoni.

Ngati singano ya syringe ndi yayitali kwambiri kapena mafuta osakwanira, jakisoni amapangidwa pakhungu: pofinya khungu ndi zala ziwiri, jekeseni insulin pamwamba pa khola, tengani syringe ndipo chotsani zala zokha. Ndikothekanso kuchepetsa kuzama kwa kulowa kwa syringe ndikuyambitsa kwa 45% pamwamba pa khungu.

Kutalika Kwambiri ndi singano ndi mawonekedwe a jakisoni:

Kusankha kwa syringe ndi kudzaza

Pakukhazikitsa insulini, ma syringes apadera otayidwa amatulutsa. Singano yomwe ili mkati mwake ndi yopyapyala, yokhazikika munjira yapadera kuti ipweteketse kupweteka pang'ono. Chipilicho chimathandizidwa ndi mafuta a silicone kuti zitheke kulowa mkati mwa khungu. Kuti zitheke, mizere yomaliza maphunziro imakonzedwa pa mbiya ya syringe yosawonetsa mamililita koma ma insulin.

Tsopano mutha kugula mitundu iwiri ya ma syringe omwe amapangidwira ma insulin osiyanasiyana - U40 ndi U100. Koma kuchuluka kwa ma insulin 40 pa ml pafupifupi sikugulitsidwa. Makamu a mankhwalawa alipo tsopano ndi U100.

Kuti mupeze dosing yolondola, mtunda pakati pa mizere yoyandikana nawo uyenera kukhala wochepa, mpaka 1 unit ya insulin. Nthawi zambiri, izi ndi syringe ndi voliyumu ya 0,5 ml. Ma syringe omwe ali ndi 1 ml ndi osalondola - pakati pamavuto awiriwo, magawo awiri a mankhwalawo akukwanira mu cylinder, motero zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kupeza mlingo wofanana.

Tsopano zolembera za syringe zikuyamba kutchuka. Izi ndi zida zapadera za jakisoni wa insulin, zomwe ndi zosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito kunja kwa nyumba. Zolembera za insulin zimatha ndi mankhwalawo m'mapiritsi ndi singano zotayika. Ma singano omwe ali mkati mwake ndi ofupikirapo komanso ochepa thupi kuposa masiku onse, kotero pali mwayi wochepa kulowa minofu, palibe ululu. Mlingo wa insulin woperekedwa ndi cholembera cha matenda a shuga umakhazikitsidwa mwa kusinthira mphete kumapeto kwa chipangizocho.

Momwe mungakweretse insulin mu syringe:

1. Onani tsiku lotha ntchito. Dziwani moyenera insulin yothetsera yankho. Mankhwala onse, kupatula NPH-insulin, ayenera kuwonekera kwathunthu.
2. NPH-insulin (kukonzekera konseko) kuyenera kuyamba kulimbikitsidwa mpaka kuyimitsidwa kwina - gwedezani botolo pafupifupi 20. Insulin yowonekera sikutanthauza kukonzekera koteroko.
3. Tsegulani ma syringe, chotsani chotchingira.
4. Atatulutsa ndodo, kuti azisonkhanitsira mpweya wambiri monga momwe wakonzera jakisoni.
5. Ikani syringe mu poyimitsa mphira m'botolo, dzazani silinda kuposa ndalama zomwe zimafunikira.
6. Sinthanitsani galimotolo ndikudina pang'onopang'ono pamilanjayo kuti thovu la mpweya lituluke pokonzekera.
7. Finyani insulini yambiri mlengalenga.
8. Chotsani syringe.

Kukonzekera jakisoni ndi cholembera:

1. Ngati ndi kotheka, sakanizani insulini, mutha kukhala mwachindunji mu cholembera.
2. Tulutsani madontho angapo kuti muwone ngati singano yayandikira.
3. Ikani mlingo wa mankhwalawo ndi mphete.

Kubaya

Njira Yolera:

• tengani syringe kuti singano idulidwe pamwamba;
• pindani khungu;
• ikani singano pakona yomwe mukufuna;
• jekeseni insulin yonse ndikulimbikira pa tsinde;
• dikirani masekondi 10;
• chotsani pang'onopang'ono singano;
• sungunulani khola;
• ngati mugwiritsa ntchito cholembera, kupotoza singano ndikukhoma cholembera ndi chipewa.

Sikufunika kuchitira khungu jakisoni, ndikokwanira kuti ikhale yoyera. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti musamwe mowa pakukonzanso, monga momwe zilili amachepetsa mphamvu ya insulin.

Kodi ndizotheka kutumiza insulin yosiyanasiyana nthawi imodzi

Ngati mukufuna kuchita jakisoni 2 wa insulin, nthawi yayitali komanso yochepa, ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito ma syringe osiyanasiyana ndi malo opangira jakisoni. Mwachidziwitso, ma insulin aumunthu okha omwe amatha kusakanizidwa mu syringe imodzi: NPH komanso yochepa. Nthawi zambiri, dokotala amakupatsirani makonzedwe omwewo ngati wodwalayo wachepetsa kugaya. Choyamba, piritsi lalifupi limakokedwa mu syringe, kenako lalitali. Mbale za insulin sizingasakanikiridwe, chifukwa izi zimasintha katundu wawo mosayembekezereka.

Momwe mungaperekere jakisoni popanda kupweteka

Njira yolondola ya jekeseni wa matenda a shuga imaphunzitsidwa ndi namwino muofesi ya endocrinologist. Monga lamulo, amatha kubaya mwachangu komanso mopweteka. Mutha kuyeserera kunyumba. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kutenga syringe ngati bwalo - ndi chala chanu mbali imodzi ya cylinder, index ndi pakati - mbali inayo. Kuti musamve kupweteka, muyenera kuyika singano pansi pa khungu mwachangu. Chifukwa chaichi, kuthamanga kwa syringe kumayambira 10 cm musanachitike pakhungu, osati minyewa yamchiuno yokha, komanso kutsogolo kumalumikizidwa ndi kayendedwe. Poterepa, syringe siyimasulidwa m'manja, amayang'anira angle ndi kuya kolowera singano. Pophunzitsa, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito syringe ndi kapu, kenako ndi magawo asanu a saline wosabala.

Kugwiritsanso ntchito ma syringe kapena ma singano otayika mu cholembera cha insulin kumavulaza kwambiri khungu ndi minofu yamafuta. Ntchito yachiwiriyi imakhala yowawa kwambiri, chifukwa nsonga ya singano imataya kuwongola kwake ndipo mafuta ake amachotsedwa, kupatsirana mosavuta m'matupi.

Ngati insulin ikutsatira

Kutha kwa insulin kumatha kuwoneka ndi kafungo kabwinobwino kuchokera pamalo a jekeseni, omwe amafanana ndi fungo la gouache. Ngati gawo la mankhwala latsika, simungachite jekeseni wachiwiri, popeza ndizosatheka kuwunika bwino insulin, ndipo shuga akhoza kutsika mwanjira yochepa. Pankhaniyi, mudzafunika kuti mugwirizane ndi hyperglycemia yochepa ndikusintha ndi jakisoni wotsatira, onetsetsani kuti mwayamba kuyeza shuga m'magazi.

Popewa insulin kutuluka kuchokera pakhungu, onetsetsani kuti mukukhazikika pakadutsa mphindi 10 musanachotsere singano. Zitha kutsika ngati muyika jakisoniyo pamlingo wa 45 kapena 60 °.