Chikondamoyo ndichimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri m'mimba. Ndikofunikira kuti munthu agaye chakudya, chifukwa amatulutsa michere monga: amylase, lipase, proteinase ndi nuclease.
Ntchito inanso yofunika kwambiri ya kapamba ndi endocrine, imapangidwa ndikupanga mahomoni monga insulin, glucagon ndi somatostatin, omwe amathandiza kukhala ndi glucose yokhazikika m'magazi.
Zimachitika kuti kapamba amalephera, kuti mumvetsetse zomwe zimayambitsa, muyenera kuchita maphunziro angapo, kuphatikizapo:
- kafukufuku wa labotale pancreatic ntchito - kuchuluka kwa magazi amylase, mkodzo diastase imatha kukhala chifukwa cha pancreatic pathology;
- ultrasound, yomwe imathandizira kuwona mawonekedwe onse a kapamba ndi kapangidwe kake (mutu, thupi, mchira);
- complication tomography ndi kapena mosiyana, njirayi imakhala yoyenera kwambiri kuwona minofu ya tinyezi, ma pancreatic duct, ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana mwa iwo.
- biopsy yotsatiridwa ndikuwunika kwa histological ndi njira yovuta yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri ngati pakukayikira njira ya oncological.
Njira zonsezi pochitidwa zimapereka chithunzithunzi chokwanira cha gulu la endocrine, koma maphunziro a labotale sakhala othandiza nthawi zonse, ndipo njira zovuta ndizofunikira. Chifukwa chake, njira yoyenera kwambiri, yosungirako minyewa yathupi, osapereka ma radiation, ndiyo njira yofufuzira ma pancreas, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pochita gastroenterologist.
Kodi ma ultrasound a kapamba amawonetsa ndani?
Kuunika kwa ultrasound kumayikidwa kwa odwala omwe akukayikira matenda a kapamba kapena hepatobiliary (chiwindi, chikhodzodzo cha chikhodzodzo ndi dongosolo la chiwindi.
Izi pathologies zimatha kuchitika pazifukwa zambiri: matenda, kuvulala, mavuto azakudya, uchidakwa.
Nthawi zambiri, kafukufukuyu amakonzedwa ndi gastroenterologist kapena katswiri wazachipatala.
Pancreatic ultrasonography ndiyofunika kwa anthu omwe ali ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi:
- Kupweteka kapena kulemera kumanja kapena kumanzere kwa hypochondrium.
- Ululu wammbuyo pamimba yapamwamba.
- Kukwezeleza mwachangu ndi mawu ochepa.
- Kulawa kwamkamwa kwambiri.
- Kusanza ndi kusanza mutadya zakudya zamafuta kapena zolemera.
- Kuchepetsa thupi.
- Nthawi zambiri zimawonetsedwa matenda am'mimba: kudzimbidwa ndi kutsekula m'mimba, kumatulutsa.
Izi ndi zizindikiro zomwe nthawi zambiri zimatsagana ndi matenda a kapamba, ndikupangitsani adotolo kuganizira za matenda enaake. Zachidziwikire, ma ultrasound a kapamba sapereka chidziwitso chonse, ndipo matendawa sanapangidwe, mokhazikika pokhacho.
Pankhaniyi, tikufunika kuthandizidwanso kachiwiri ndi dokotala yemwe, atayerekeza chipatala ndikuwunika kusintha kwa ma CD mu ziphuphu, adzazindikira ndikupereka chithandizo choyenera.
Kodi dokotala wa ultrasound amatha kuwona chiyani ndikuwongolera poyang'ana kapamba?
Adzatha kunena za kukula kwake (kuchuluka, kuchepa), ma contours, kapangidwe kake, kachulukidwe, kapena zina - echogenicity (kuchuluka kapena kuchepetsedwa), za kukhalapo kwa mapangidwe a volumetric, zotupa ndi ma cysts mu kapamba.
Kusintha konseku kumatheka chifukwa cha: kuvulala, kupweteka, monga kapamba, pang'onopang'ono, kufalikira kwa calcium m'misempha ya kapamba, njira ya oncological.
Momwe mungakonzekerere pokonzekera zam'mimba?
Kusakhalapo kwa madandaulo si chifukwa chokana kuyesa mayeso a ultrasound, chifukwa njira zoyipa zambiri sizingapereke chithunzi chamankhwala onse asanakhudzidwe, ndipo chithandizo cha magawo oyamba a matenda aliwonse chimakhala chosautsa komanso chotetezeka.
Pankhani imeneyi, tikulimbikitsidwa kumayesedwa kamodzi pachaka ndi ultrasound yam'mimba. Ndikofunika kuti musanyalanyaze zizindikilo zoopsa za thupi, chifukwa chimbudzi sikuti nthawi zonse chimayamba chifukwa cha matenda amatumbo kapena zakudya zina.
Kuti muwonetsetse kuti ichi sichiri matenda apamba, njira yabwino kwambiri yotsimikizirira ndi ultrasound yake.
Kukonzekera moyenera phunzirolo kumawonjezera zidziwitso zake.
Ndikofunika kutsatira malamulo ochepa osavuta kuti adokotala azitha kudziwa bwino ngati chilichonse chikugwirizana ndi kapamba.
- Ultrasound imachitika pamimba yopanda kanthu, nthawi zambiri imakhala sutra, kotero kuti wodwalayo sayenera kugona ndi njala tsiku lonse. Mimba ndi matumbo zilibe, kapamba amatha kuwoneka bwino. Ngati munthu wamkulu alibe mwayi wochita maphunziro a sutra, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tisadye maora 6 musanachitike. Ndipo maola awiri musanachitike ultrasound, muyenera kusiya madzi.
- Sabata yatha kafukufukuyu asanachitike, zakudya zimadziwika zomwe zimalepheretsa kupezeka kwa mpweya - izi ndizosiyana ndi zakudya za nyemba, masamba osaphika ndi zakumwa zochokera mu kaboni.
Makhalidwe osavuta awa ndiofunikira kwambiri ndipo amathandizira kwambiri ntchito ya dokotala, chifukwa nthawi zina zimakhala zosavuta kupeza sensor kumagawo onse a kapamba.
Phunziroli limachitika mwachangu mokwanira - osaposa mphindi makumi awiri pazinthu zonse zam'mimba. Potere, wodwalayo wagona kumbuyo kwake, ndipo adotolo, pogwiritsa ntchito sensor yomwe ikuwonetsa chithunzichi pazenera, amachititsa kafukufuku.
Kuunika kwa Ultrasound kumakhazikitsidwa pang'onopang'ono pakuyenda kwa ma ultrasound pamiyendo. Zida zonse za thupi zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana. Pa ultrasound, kuwunika kapena kuyamwa kwa mafunde a ultrasound kuchokera ku chiwalo chomwe akuphunziracho kumachitika, komwe kumalumikizidwa ndi kupindika kwake. Muzifaniziro zoterezi, ndikoyenera kuti kufalikira kwa ziwalo, kachulukidwe kakulidwe.
Madzi a ultrasound ali anechoic kwathunthu. Izi zimakuthandizani kuwona ziwalo zodzazidwa ndi izo, komanso ma cysts osiyanasiyana ndi ma abscesses.
Izi zimapangitsa kuti zimveke bwino momwe gawo lamkokomo limayerekezera ndi zizindikiro wamba.
Dziwani matendawa ogwirizana a hyperechoic
Kodi kuchuluka kwa kapamba kumachulukitsanso chiyani? Izi zikutanthauza kuti parenchyma ya chiwalo ili ndi mawonekedwe. Kuchuluka kumeneku kungakhale kwapaderako ndikukusokoneza. Kupezeka kwa hyperechoicity yakwanuko kumatha kuyambitsa kuphatikizidwa kwa mchere wamchere, kapangidwe kakang'ono ka volumetric. Ngakhale mwala ung'ono kwambiri umatha kuwoneka pa ultrasound chifukwa cha mphamvu yake yapamwamba kwambiri. Diffuse hyperechoogenicity imachitika ndi kusintha kwa fibrotic, mafuta komanso kutupa.
Palinso zochitika pamene hyperechoogenicity imatha kuwonjezeka chifukwa cha chimfine. Komanso, kuwonjezeka kwa kachulukidwe kungakhale kogwirizana ndi zaka, kusintha koteroko sikufunikira chithandizo.
Ndi heterogeneity ya parenchyma pa ultrasound, chithunzicho chimakhala ndi mawonekedwe osakanikirana.
Pancreatic hypoechogenicity imatha kuwonetsa pancreatic edema, yomwe imatha kuyambitsa pancreatitis yovuta kwambiri ndi matenda apafupi. Komanso kuchepa kwa kachulukidwe kumawonedwa ndi gland hyperplasia.
Momwe kuphukira kwa kapamba kumachulukira m'matenda monga chifuwa cham'mimba, chifukwa cha kumera kwa tinthu tokhala ndi minyewa yolumikizana, yomwe imakhala yachulukidwe kwambiri kuposa minyewa ya m'mimba ya kapamba. Koma musangoganiza za izi. Chimbudzi ndi chiwalo chogwira ntchito chomwe chimayankha chilichonse chosintha mthupi la munthu. Kupsinjika, kuphwanya zakudya, kuzizira kumatha kupangitsa edema yaying'ono.
Ngati, kuwonjezera pa hyperechoogenicity, palibe zosintha zina, monga kuchuluka kwa kapamba, kupezeka kwa ma inclusions, ndiye kuti kusintha kwa ntchito kapena matenda monga lipomatosis kungaganiziridwe. Chofunikira chake ndi kuphukira kwa minyewa ya gland yokhala ndi minofu ya adipose. Ngati, kuwonjezera pa hyperechoogenicity, kuchepa kwa kukula kwa zikondwererozo, ichi ndi chizindikiro cha fibrosis yake.
Kansa ndi chiwalo chochepa thupi komanso chosatetezeka chomwe chimagwira gawo lofunikira mthupi la munthu, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuyang'anira thanzi lake ndipo nthawi zina imachitanso njira yodzitetezera. Ndipo kukhalabe ndi moyo wathanzi komanso kudya moyenera kumathandizira kuchotsa zochulukitsa m'thupi lino ndikuwongolera ntchito yake.
Zambiri pazizindikiro za matenda a kapamba zimaperekedwa mu kanema munkhaniyi.
