Magazi a shuga m'magazi a prediabetes. Zizindikiro za prediabetes komanso momwe mungachitire

Matenda a 2 a shuga amayamba pang'onopang'ono, zovuta za kagayidwe kazakudya zimachuluka kwazaka zambiri, ndipo ena kuyambira ubwana. Matenda a shuga amatha zaka zambiri mpaka kusintha kwa pathological kukhala kovuta, ndipo kuchuluka kwa shuga kumakwezedwa nthawi zonse. Kukhazikika kuti ku United States gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a anthu ali pasukulu ya prediabetes, ndiye kuti, gawo limodzi lotsika, ndipo adzapezeka atadwala matenda osachiritsika. Palibe kafukufuku wofanana ndi uyu yemwe adachitika ku Russia, koma ziwerengero sizokayikitsa kwambiri.

Matenda a shuga amatha kupezeka mosavuta ndipo, ndikulimbikira kokwanira, amachira kwathunthu. Odwala nthawi zambiri amanyalanyaza ngozi yakuzindikirika, ndi 42% yokha yomwe imayamba kuthandizidwa. Chaka chilichonse, 10% ya odwala omwe amalola zonse kuchita mwangozi, amadwala matenda a shuga.

Kodi matenda a prediabetes ndi omwe amakonda

Vuto lomwe zimapangitsa kuti kagayidwe kazakudya livutidwe kale, shuga ndiwokwera kuposa masiku, koma osalankhula kwambiri za matenda amtundu 2, amatchedwa prediabetes.

M'mbuyomu, anthu ankawaganizira kuti ndi gawo limodzi la matenda ashuga, tsopano ali okhaokha. Kusintha koyambirira kwa kagayidwe kake ndizovuta kuzindikira pawokha, koma ndizosavuta kuzindikira kudzera mwa mayeso a labotale.

Matenda a shuga ndi kupsinjika kudzakhala chinthu chakale

• Matenda a shuga -95%
• Kuthetsa kwa mitsempha thrombosis - 70%
• Kuthetsa kwa kugunda kwamtima kwamphamvu -90%
• Kuthana ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi - 92%
• Kuwonjezeka kwa mphamvu masana, kukonza kugona usiku -97%

Mitundu ya kusanthula:

1. Mayeso a kulolerana ndi glucose imawerengedwa kuti ndiyo yodalirika kwambiri pakupezeka matenda a prediabetes, chifukwa nthawi zambiri odwala amalephera kuloza shuga. Ndi cheki cha kuchuluka kwa glucose omwe amapezeka m'misempha. Mlingo wa shuga mwa munthu wathanzi ndi wabwinobwino maola 2 mutatha kudya. Ndi prediabetes, adzakhala osachepera 7.8 mmol / L.
2. Kuthamanga Glycemia. Kuzindikira kwa matenda ashuga kumachitika pamene shuga akusala m'magazi a wodwala apitilira 7 mmol / L. Zizolozo ndizosachepera 6 mmol / l. Dongosolo la shuga - Zizindikiro zonse ndizapakati pa 6 ndi 7 mmol / L. Ndi za magazi amkati. Ngati kusanthula kwachotsedwa chala, manambala amachepera pang'ono - 6.1 ndi 5.6 - momwe angaperekere magazi a shuga.
3. Kusala insulin. Shuga ikasiya kuchotsedwa m'magazi mu nthawi, kapamba amalimbitsa ntchito yake. Mwayi wa prediabetes ndiwokwera kwambiri ngati mulingo wa insulin ndi wokulirapo kuposa 13 μMU / ml.
4. Glycated Hemoglobin ikuwonetsa ngati pakhala kuwuka kwa shuga m'magazi 3 apitawa. Zowonjezerazo zikufika pa 5.7%. Matenda a shuga - mpaka 6,4%. Pamwambapa pali shuga.

Kufunika komanso kusanthula pafupipafupi:

Zinthu zomwe zimapangitsa kuti matenda a shuga adwale:

1. Kupanikizika kwakukulu kuposa 140/90 kuphatikiza cholesterol yokwezeka komanso triglycerides.
2. Achibale a mzere woyamba amadwala matenda amtundu wa 2.
3. Mumadwala matenda ashuga panthawi yomwe mwakhala ndi pakati.
4. Matenda a shuga a amayi anu.
5. Kulemera kuposa 4 kg pakubadwa.
6. Kukhala wa liwiro la Negroid kapena Mongoloid.
7. Kuchuluka kwa zolimbitsa thupi (zosakwana maola 3 pa sabata).
8. Kupezeka kwa hypoglycemia (kutsika kwa shuga m'munsi mwa nthawi yochepa pakati pa chakudya, chizindikiro chachikulu ndikunjenjemera kwamkati panthawi yanjala).
9. Kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yayitali ma diuretics, estrogen, glucocorticoids.
10. Kumwa makapu oposa atatu a khofi patsiku.
11. Matenda a periodontal matenda.
12. Pafupipafupi zotupa pakhungu, zithupsa.

Zifukwa zachitukuko

Cholinga chachikulu cha onse odwala matenda am'mbuyomu komanso mtundu wachiwiri wa shuga ndikuwonjezereka kwa minofu kukana insulin. Insulin ndi mahomoni, chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe ntchito yake ndikupereka kwa glucose m'maselo a thupi. M'maselo omwe akutenga nawo mbali, zochita zingapo zamankhwala zimachitika, chifukwa cha mphamvu imatulutsidwa. Glucose amalowa m'magazi kuchokera ku chakudya. Ngati maswiti, monga makeke kapena maswiti, akanadyedwa, shuga wamagazi amakwera kwambiri, popeza mtundu uwu wamafuta umafikiridwa msanga. Kasitomala amayankha kutulutsidwa kumeneku mwa kuwonjezereka kwa insulin, ndipo nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi malire. Ngati chakudya chamagalimoto ovuta, monga chimanga kapena ndiwo zamasamba zokhala ndi fiber yambiri, chimaperekedwa ndi chakudya, shuga chimaperekedwa pang'onopang'ono, chifukwa zimatenga nthawi kuti chiwonongeke. Nthawi yomweyo, insulini imapangidwa m'miyeso yaying'ono, yokwanira kugwiritsa ntchito shuga wambiri mu minofu.

Ngati pali shuga wambiri m'magazi, amabwera nthawi zambiri m'magulu akulu, ndipo ma voliyumu ake amapitilira mphamvu zamagetsi, kuthana ndi insulin pang'onopang'ono kumayamba kukula. Zimayimira kuchepa kwa mphamvu ya insulin. Zilonda zam'mimba zimatha kuzindikira mahomoni ndikulowetsa shuga, shuga wambiri amadzuka, prediabetes imayamba.

Kuphatikiza pa kukana insulini, zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa zimatha kukhala zopanda insulin kupanga chifukwa cha kapamba, zotupa (mwachitsanzo, insulinoma), kusintha kwa cystic, komanso kuvulala kwa pancreatic.

Zizindikiro za prediabetes ndi zizindikiro

Chifukwa chakuti ndi prediabetes, kusintha kwa kapangidwe ka magazi sikokwanira, sikukhala ndi zowoneka bwino. Odwala omwe ali ndi vuto loyambirira la metabolic amawona zovuta zina ndipo amafunsira dokotala kawirikawiri. Nthawi zambiri, thanzi loperewera limadziwika chifukwa cha kutopa, kuperewera kwa mavitamini ndi michere, komanso chitetezo chokwanira.

Zizindikiro zonse za prediabetes zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga. Zinapezeka kuti kuwonongeka kochepa mu ziwiya ndi mitsempha ya wodwalayo kumayamba ngakhale asanayambitse matenda ashuga.

Zizindikiro zake:

1. Kuchuluka ludzu, ziwalo zomata zowuma, khungu lopanda madzi, khungu losalala. Zizindikirozi zimafotokozedwa ndikuti thupi limafunikira madzi ambiri kuti muchepetse shuga. Kuwonjezeka kwa madzi akumwa kumatha kuwonekera pakuwonjezeka kwamikodzo komanso kuchuluka kwa mkodzo. Chizindikiro chodabwitsachi ndikuwoneka ngati usiku ndikutuluka kuchimbudzi, ngati kale kulibe.
2. Kuchulukitsa kwa njala chifukwa chosowa zakudya zama minofu, ngati pali insulin.
3. Kukhazikika kwa khungu ndi kumaliseche. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa shuga, ma capillaries ang'onoang'ono amakhala otsekeka ndikuwonongeka. Zotsatira zake, kutulutsa zinthu zapoizoni kuchokera m'maselo kumacheperachepera. Ma Receptor okhala ndi kuyimitsidwa akuwonetsa vuto.
4. Kuwonongeka kwakanthawi kwakanthawi konga kupendekera, malo owuma amtundu. Umu ndi momwe kuwononga kwa capillaries mu retina kumawonekera.
5. Ziphuphu ndi zotupa pakhungu.
6. Mikwingwirima mu minofu ya ng'ombe, nthawi zambiri imayandikira m'mawa. Chizindikiro ichi chimawoneka ndi kukana kwambiri kwa insulini, pamene minofu yayamba kufa.
7. Kusowa tulo, kumva kutentha, kutentha kwambiri, kusokonekera. Umu ndi momwe thupi limagwirira ntchito mpaka kumakwezeka kwambiri.
8. Mutu wapafupipafupi chifukwa cha zovuta zoyipa za m'magazi a bongo.
9. Kutsekemera kwa mano.

Ngati zizindikiro zoyipa zikuwoneka, kuyesedwa kwa glucose kuyenera kuchitidwa kuti mupeze matenda osokoneza bongo. Kuyeza kuchuluka kwa shuga ndi mita ya shuga m'magazi sikokwanira, chifukwa mankhwalawa amapangidwira odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga ndipo samakhala ndi chidziwitso chokwanira kuti adziwe kusintha kwamomwe magazi amapangidwira.

> Kodi mayeso ololera wa glucose amachitika bwanji

Kodi matenda a prediabetes angachiritsidwe?

Tsogolo la munthu yemwe ali ndi prediabetes lili m'manja mwake kwathunthu. Ndi iye yekha amene amatha kupanga chisankho. Mutha kupitiliza kukhala kumadzulo pamaso pa TV ndi tiyi ndi keke yomwe mumakonda ndipo, chifukwa chake, imitsani kumapeto kwa moyo wanu polimbana ndi matenda ashuga komanso zovuta zake zambiri. Ndipo mutha kusintha malingaliro anu, moyo wanu ndikuwona prediabetes monga chikumbutso choti malingaliro athanzi sangachite popanda thupi lathanzi.

Kuletsa kwazosankha zamagalimoto othamanga, kuchepa thupi, maphunziro a thupi zimadabwitsa. Ngakhale kuyeserera kochepa kumalipira kangapo. Mwachitsanzo, kuchepetsa kulemera kwa 7% kokha kumachepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda ashuga pafupifupi 58%. Kutsatira kutsatira uphungu wonse wa dokotala kumachiritsa matenda ashuga, ndikuchepetsa matenda oopsa, matenda a mtima ndi matenda a impso nthawi 1.5.

Momwe mungapewere kukula kwa matenda ashuga

Ngati mayeso a labu asonyeza kuloleza kwa glucose, muyenera kucheza ndi endocrinologist. Adzaikanso mayeso ena kuti adziwe kuopsa kwa matenda ashuga posachedwa, kuti adziwe kuchuluka kwa kuwonongeka kwa makoma amitsempha yamagazi. Ndi mawonekedwe achilendo onenepa (mwachitsanzo, mwa azimayi amtundu wa admin), kafukufuku wam'mbuyo wa mahomoni adzalembedwera.

Kutengera ndi zomwe zalandira za thanzi, pulogalamu ya munthu yothandizira matenda a matenda ashuga iphatikizidwa. Ili ndi magawo atatu: zakudya zapadera, masewera olimbitsa thupi komanso mankhwala. Zoyambayo ziwiri ndizovomerezeka, popanda iwo zovuta za metabolic sizingathetsedwe. Koma phindu la mankhwala ndilocheperapo. Amachepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda ashuga ndi gawo limodzi lokha. Chifukwa chake, mankhwalawa amathandizidwa ngati othandizira anthu onenepa kwambiri kapena ngati wodwala akulephera kupirira komanso kupirira pakudya.

Kugwiritsa ntchito zakudya zapadera

Zolinga za zakudya zochizira matenda a prediabetes:

• kutsika kwa calorie kudya;
• kuwonetsetsa mulingo wofanana wa shuga;
• kutsika kwa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Chithandizo cha prediabetes ndizosatheka popanda kutaya kwathunthu chakudyacho kuchokera ku chakudya chambiri. Izi ndi zinthu zonse zomwe zimakhala ndi index ya glycemic pamtunda wama 50. Unikani tebulo la GI, samalani ndi zakudya zomwe zili ndi index yotsika, yomwe idayiwalika mwanjira yanu. Tsegulani cookbooks kapena masamba, pezani maphikidwe potengera iwo. Ngati mungathe kupanga osati wathanzi, komanso chotsekemera pakudya kwanu, iyi ndi gawo lalikulu lothana ndi matenda ashuga.

Zoyenera kuchita kuti zakudya zomwe zili ndi prediabetes zizigwira bwino monga momwe mungathere:

1. Dzazani firiji yanu ndi zakudya zololedwa kuti musayesedwe ndi zovulaza. Tengani mndandanda wazinthu zomwe zikugulitsidwe kuti musatsegule mwachisawawa.
2. Kongoletsani mbale zopangidwa ndi anthu, pangani malo abwino, muziyang'ana anthu amitima yawo. Mwachidule, chitani chilichonse kuti chakudya chisawonekere ngati chopinga, koma monga njira yopita kumoyo wabwino.
3. Kuti muwone kuti glucose amalowa m'magazi momwemonso, idyani m'magawo ang'onoang'ono kasanu patsiku.
4. Mukachoka kunyumba, mudye naye chakudya. Kwa prediabetes, mumatha kudya masamba osankhika, mtedza, ndi buledi wopanda tirigu monga zokhazokha.
5. Lekani kuyika shuga mu tiyi. Ngati simungathe kupirira kukoma kwatsopano, gulani lokoma.
6. Siyani khofi kwathunthu. Ndi kulowerera pang'onopang'ono kwa khofi wanu m'thupi lanu, ngakhale kumwa wokhazikika pofika chachitatu kumawonjezera ngozi ya matenda a shuga.
7. Funsani kwa endocrinologist. Ngati muli ndi insulin yayikulu, zinthu zamkaka ziyenera kuchotsedwa kwa miyezi ingapo. Kukhazikitsidwa kuti ali ndi index yayikulu ya insulin, ndiye kuti, amakulitsa kutulutsidwa kwambiri kwa mahomoni.

Kusintha momwe mumadyera ndi prediabetes ndizovuta kwambiri. Ngakhale thupi lako lidzatsutsana nawe. Kwa zaka zambiri, adazolowera kupanga magetsi osavuta, chifukwa chake zakudya zilizonse zopanda chakudya zimatha kuoneka ngati zopanda vuto komanso zopanda chiyembekezo. Zimatenga nthawi, nthawi zambiri pafupifupi miyezi iwiri, kuti mumangenso kagayidwe. Ngati mungathe kupirira nthawi imeneyi, mudzadabwitsidwa kumva kuti masamba abwino omwe ali ndi nyama amathanso kukhala okoma, ndipo zipatso zokhala ndi mchere zimabweretsa chisangalalo chochepa kwambiri.

Zochita zolimbitsa thupi zamitundu yosiyanasiyana

Kusintha kwa zakudya za prediabetes sikokwanira. Ndikofunikira kuti musamangitse shuga wambiri m'thupi, komanso kukhazikitsa njira zopulumutsira. Njira yothandiza kwambiri yochepetsera kukana insulini ndikuyenda bwino kwa magazi kuchokera m'magazi ndikulimbitsa thupi mwadongosolo. Minofu ndiyo yogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri mthupi lathu. Akamagwira ntchito kwambiri, matendawa amachepetsa.

Kuti muthane ndi matenda ashuga, kukhala katswiri sikofunikira. Amakhulupirira kuti kuthana ndi vuto la metabolic, kulimbitsa thupi theka la ola tsiku lililonse kapena ola limodzi katatu pa sabata ndikokwanira.

Cholinga choyamba panjira yopita ku moyo wathanzi ndikusiya chizolowezi chokhala tsiku lonse. Yambani kusuntha - yendani madzulo, pang'onopang'ono kuwonjezera liwiro ndi mtunda. Yendani kukagwira ntchito, kukwera masitepe, osati okwera, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi pomwe mukuwona TV kapena kucheza pafoni.

Gawo lotsatira ndi kuphunzira pafupipafupi. Sankhani maphunziro malinga ndi momwe mumafunira, funsani dokotala wanu ngati waloledwa mu thanzi lanu. Kwa anthu onenepa kwambiri, dziwe lililonse kapena masewera olimbitsa thupi amalimbikitsidwa. Ndi kuwonda pang'ono - kuthamanga, masewera amtimu, masewera a nthawi yozizira, kuvina, kulimbitsa thupi.

Kumayambiriro kwa maphunziro, chinthu chachikulu sikuti muchichita mopitirira muyeso. Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kuyenera kuthandizira kuchuluka kwamtima. Ngati mwatopa, chepetsani. Ndikwabwino kukwaniritsa cholinga chanu patapita nthawi pang'ono kusiya kusiya kuthamangira kulandira chithandizo.

Pokhala ndi zochulukirapo zochita, musaiwale za kupumula kwabwino. Kuti thupi ligawane mosavuta ndi mafuta omwe asungidwa, muyenera kugona pafupifupi maola 8. Insulin imapangidwa usiku wocheperako, kotero magazi ochulukirapo a shuga ayenera kumasulidwa pasadakhale: khalani olimbitsa thupi madzulo ndipo musadye maola awiri asanagone.

Kodi mankhwala ndi ofunika?

Nthawi zambiri, kusintha kwa moyo kumakwanitsa kuchiritsa matenda ashuga. Amayesera kuti asapereke mankhwala othandizira kuti azitha kusintha zotsatira zake.

Ngati patatha miyezi itatu kuyambira pomwe munayamba kulandira chithandizo palibe zotsatira, mudzayikidwa Metformin. Mankhwala amatha kuchepetsa kapangidwe ka shuga ndi chiwindi, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti azithandizanso kusala glycemia. Kuphatikiza apo, amachepetsa kukana kwa insulin, ndiye kuti, mutatha kudya, shuga kuchokera m'magazi amalowa m'maselo. Chinanso chabwino cha Metformin ndi kuchepa kwa mayamwidwe a shuga kuchokera m'matumbo. Gawo la glucose lomwe limatha lidzatsitsidwa mu ndowe.

Kumwa Metformin moyo wake wonse m'chiyembekezo chopewa matenda a shuga ndizowopsa. Mukamamwa, kutulutsa, kupweteka m'mimba, thupi lawo limatha kuwonedwa. Ngati pazifukwa zina mankhwalawa sangachotsedwe ndi impso munthawi yake, chiopsezo cha lactic acidosis ndi chambiri. Kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yayitali kumayambitsa kusowa kwa vitamini B12, wofundidwa ndi kufa kwa maselo amitsempha komanso kukhumudwa. Chifukwa chake, kusankhidwa kwa Metformin kumakhala koyenera pokhapokha ngati chithandizo sichingatheke popanda thandizo la kuchipatala. Nthawi zambiri uwu ndi mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga, osati prediabetes.