Anthu ambiri amakhulupirira kuti kukhala ndi cholesterol m'mwazi ndi chizindikiro cha matenda. Komabe, ichi ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri chomwe chimapangidwa ndi ziwalo zamkati kuti chikhale ndi metabolism yachilengedwe.
Katunduyu amathandizira kukonza makhoma a maselo, kupanga ma asidi a bile, kupanga vitamini D, ndikuthandizira kupanga mitundu ina ya mahomoni. Chifukwa chake, gawo la cholesterol ndilofunika kwambiri.
Gwero lachiwiri la zinthuzo ndi zinthu zachilengedwe. Koma zomwe zili mkati mwake zimatha kukula kwambiri ngati mafuta oyipa akuphatikizidwa muzakudya zonse.
Kodi cholesterol mthupi la munthu ndi chiyani?
Gawoli limachita bwino komanso molakwika, kutengera kuchuluka kwake. Cholesterol imapezeka kumitundu komanso ubongo. Zimathandizanso kupanga vitamini D, yemwe amayang'anira kagayidwe kazinthu.
Ndi kutenga nawo gawo kwa zinthuzi, tiziwalo timene timatulutsa timadzi timene timatulutsa timadzi tambiri tambiri, komanso kupanga ma estrogen ndi androgen, mahomoni achimuna ndi amuna wamwamuna kumakulitsidwa kumaliseche.
Mukakhala pachiwindi, cholesterol imasinthidwa kukhala bile acid, yomwe imagaya mafuta. Imakhalanso ngati chida chomangira chamakhoma a maselo, chimapangitsa kuti chikhale cholimba komanso chofunikira. Ndi zinthu zochepa, amayi apakati amakhala ndi nthawi yobereka asanabadwe.
Kuposa 80 peresenti ya chinthucho chimapangidwa ndi chiwindi ndi matumbo ochepa, zotsalazo zimachokera ku nyama zakunja, mafuta, batala, mazira a nkhuku.
Akatswiri azakudya amalimbikitsa kuti azikhala ndi cholesterol yambiri ya 0,3 ga patsiku, wofanana ndi lita imodzi ya mkaka. M'moyo wamba, munthu amadya zambiri za zinthuzi, zomwe zimawononga thanzi.
Mitundu ya Cholesterol
Cholesterol ndi sterol yokhala ngati mafuta yomwe imakhala ndi ma membrane a maselo mu chamoyo chilichonse. Kuphatikizika kwakukulu kwa chinthu kumawonedwa mu ubongo ndi chiwindi.
Ziwalo zamkati zimatha, ngati nkofunikira, kudzipangira chinthu palokha. Kuphatikiza apo, amalowa mthupi kudzera mu zakudya zosiyanasiyana.
Mwanjira imeneyi, cholesterol imalowa kwambiri m'matumbo ndipo sangathe kusakanikirana ndi magazi. Chifukwa chake, kuyendetsa kudzera mu hematopoietic dongosolo kumachitika ngati ma lipoproteins, mkati mwake okhala ndi lipids, komanso akunja okhala ndi mapuloteni. Zinthu zotere ndi zamitundu iwiri:
- Cholesterol yabwino imaphatikizanso lipoproteins yapamwamba kapena HDL. Amaletsa matenda okhudzana ndi mtima, osalolera mitsempha yamagazi kuti idatseke, chifukwa amanyamula zinthu zowononga m'chiwindi, komwe amadziwika kuti cholesterol yoyipa ndikupakidwa.
- Cholesterol yoyipa imakhala ndi lipoproteins yotsika kapena LDL, imakhala ndi maselo osinthika, chifukwa amadziwunjikana monga mapangidwe a atherosranceotic, kutsekeka kwa mitsempha, kuyambitsa matenda amtima, komanso kuvulaza mtima.
Kuti mukhale ndi thanzi, munthu ayenera kukhala ndi magawo oyenera a zinthu zonse ziwiri. Kuti muwonetsetse zomwe zikuwonetsa, wodwalayo amayenera kukayezetsa magazi pafupipafupi ndikuphunzira kwathunthu.
Izi ndizofunikira makamaka pakakhala kuti pakupezeka matenda a shuga, ngati njira yapadera yochiritsira ikufunika.
Cholesterol yayikulu
Monga lamulo, ndi kuchuluka kwa zinthu m'magazi, munthu saona kusintha, motero sathamangira kukayezetsa ndi kulandira chithandizo. Komabe, sterol yapamwamba imayambitsa matenda omwe amagwirizana ndi mitsempha ya m'mitsempha.
Milomo ya lipid ikatseka mitsempha yamagazi yomwe imadyetsa ubongo, munthu akhoza kukhala ndi stroke. Ngati mitsempha yomwe imapereka magazi kumtima yatsekeka, pamakhala chiwopsezo cha matenda a mtima.
Miyezo ya cholesterol imasiyanasiyana, malinga ndi zakudya zomwe mwasankha. Koma ichi sichomwe chikuwonetsa kwambiri zaumoyo, ngakhale kusapezeka kwa zakudya zamafuta, mowa ndi zakudya zamchere kumatha kuchepetsa ngozi. Anthu osiyanasiyana amatha kukhala ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana, ngakhale atatsata zomwezo. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kupezeka kwa majini kapena kubadwa kwa Hypercholesterolemia.
Popewa matenda a atherosclerosis, kugunda kwa mtima komanso zovuta zina, muyenera kupenda zomwe mumadya, kupatula zakudya zamafuta ndi zakudya zomwe zili ndi cholesterol yayikulu kuchokera menyu.
Kuchulukitsa thupi kumakhalanso chifukwa chophwanya, koma vutoli litha kuthetsedwa mothandizidwa ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse.
Chiwopsezo cha matenda a shuga, chiwindi ndi impso, mazira achi polycystic, kusowa kwa mahomoni mwa azimayi, kusowa kwa chithokomiro kumawonjezeka.
Maonekedwe a atherosclerotic plaque m'mitsempha yamagazi amagwirizana ndi chibadwa, kumayambiriro kwa kusintha kwa msambo mwa akazi. Matenda achifwamba amafala kwambiri mwa amuna, ndipo anthu achikulire nthawi zambiri amakumananso ndi vuto lofananalo.
Ngati munthu awulula zinthu ziwiri, muyenera kuda nkhawa zaumoyo wanu ndikukhala ndi moyo wabwino.
Ngati ndi kotheka, dokotala amatha kukupatsani chithandizo cha mankhwala a anabolic, corticosteroids, progestins.
Kuopsa kwamitengo yayitali
Monga tanena kale, pali mitundu iwiri ya cholesterol. HDL yabwino imachotsa zinthu zoyipa mwa kuzinyamula kupita nayo ku chiwindi, komwe zimakonzedwa ndikuchotseredwa mwachilengedwe.
Analogue yoyipa imasunthira mbali ina kuchokera pachiwindi, imatsamira pamitsempha yamagazi ndikupanga timagulu timene timamera. Pang'onopang'ono, mafupa amafuta oterewa amatsogolera pakuchepa kwa mitsempha, ndipo izi zimayambitsa matenda oopsa a atherosulinosis.
Ndi zovuta zamtima kapena matenda a chiwindi, ndikofunikira kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta amafuta a cholesterol. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito matebulo apadera, omwe akuwonetsa kufunikira kwake ndi kuvulazidwa kwa zinthuzo.
Kuwonjezeka kwa cholesterol amalembedwa pomwe manambala amayamba kupitilira muyeso wa 5.0 mmol / lita.
Chithandizo chowonjezera mitengo
Dokotalayo amapereka mankhwala othandizira, kuphatikizapo mankhwala, mankhwala a wowerengeka, zolimbitsa thupi, komanso zakudya zochizira. Pogwiritsa ntchito masewera olimbitsa thupi kapena masewera, mutha kuchotsa mafuta ochulukirapo omwe amabwera ndi chakudya. Kuthamanga kopepuka ndi kuyenda tsiku ndi tsiku ndizothandiza kwambiri.
Kukhala mu mpweya wabwino komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kumakonza kamvekedwe ka minofu, chifukwa chomwe mitsempha yamagazi imagwira ntchito kwambiri ndipo osaloleza kuipitsidwa. Kwa anthu achikulire, ndikofunikira kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse osagwiritsa ntchito mopitilira muyeso, kuona momwe muliri.
Nthawi zambiri, kusuta kumakhala chifukwa chosaneneka cha atherosulinosis, chifukwa chake muyenera kusiya chizolowezi choyipacho ndikuyang'anira momwe ziwalo zamkati zimakhalira. Mowa ukhoza kukhala wothandiza paz Mlingo zing'onozing'ono, koma osaposa 50 g ya wamphamvu ndi 200 g ya zakumwa zoledzeretsa pang'ono saloledwa kumwa patsikulo. Ndi matenda a shuga, ndibwino kukana njira yoletsa kupewa.
Tiyi yakuda imalowetsedwa ndi tiyi wobiriwira, izi zimalimbitsa makoma amitsempha yamagazi, kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa zinthu zovulaza, ndikuwonjezera HDL. Mutha kuletsa kaphatikizidwe ka cholesterol mothandizidwa ndi malalanje, apulo, nkhaka, karoti, beet, kabichi wangofinya kumene.
Kuchulukitsa kwa cholesterol kumachitika chifukwa cha zakudya monga impso, ubongo, caviar, yolks ya nkhuku, batala, soseji yosuta, mayonesi, nyama. Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti zosaposa 300 mg za chinthu zomwe zimaloledwa kudya tsiku lililonse.
Pofuna kupitirira kuchuluka kwa cholesterol, muyenera kuchepetsa zakudya ndi madzi amchere, mwatsopano masamba ofinya ndi zipatso, azitona, mpendadzuwa ndi mafuta a chimanga, veal, kalulu, nkhuku. Wheat, buckwheat kapena oat mbale, zipatso zatsopano, nsomba zam'nyanja, ma legamu, ndi adyo zimathandizira kutsikira.
Mwanjira yonyalanyazidwa, ngati zakudya zofunikira komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi sizithandiza, dokotala amakupatsani mankhwala. Mankhwala amasankhidwa, malingana ndi momwe wodwalayo alili ndi momwe munthu payekha alili.
Statins amagwira ntchito ngati mankhwala osokoneza bongo, omwe Simvastatin, Avenkor, Simgal, Simvastol, Vasilip. Koma chithandizo choterocho chimayambitsa zovuta zambiri mu mawonekedwe a edema, mphumu, kuyanjana, chiwopsezo cha kusabereka, matenda a adrenal gland.
Ntchito yochepetsera cholesterol mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga imagwidwa ndi Lipantil 200M ndi Tricor. Pogwiritsa ntchito nthawi yayitali, othandizirawa sangathe kungoyambitsa chovulacho, komanso uric acid. Koma mankhwalawa amatsutsana ngati pali zovuta zilizonse kwa mtedza kapena chikhodzodzo cha chikhodzodzo.
Gwiritsani ntchito mosamala ndi Atomax, Liptonorm, Tulip, Torvakard, Atorvastatin. Mankhwala omwewo nawonso ali a statins ndipo amatha kuyambitsa mavuto, ngakhale atatsimikiziridwa ngati achire.
Ngati cholesterol yapamwamba kwambiri, chithandizo chimachitika ndi Krestor, Rosucard, Rosulip, Tevastor, Acorta ndi mankhwala ena omwe ali ndi yogwira chinthu rosuvastatin. Therapy ikuchitika mosamalitsa yaying'ono Mlingo.
Monga chowonjezera, madokotala amalimbikitsa kutenga mavitamini ndi zakudya zowonjezera, zimapangitsa kuti wodwalayo azikhala chimodzimodzi, osalola mapangidwe a cholesterol oyipa ndipo samakhala ndi zotsatirapo zake.
Wodwala ndi mankhwala a Tykveol, Omega 3, SitoPren, folic acid, mavitamini a B.
Kuperewera kwa cholesterol
Palinso zochitika pamene wodwala ali ndi cholesterol yotsika. Ichi ndi matenda omwe amakhudzanso mkhalidwe wa thanzi la munthu.
Zofananazi zitha kuonedwa ngati wodwala ali ndi vuto la kupanga bile acid ndi mahomoni ogonana. Kubwezeretsa maselo ofiira owonongeka m'magazi kapena m'magazi ofiira, muyenera kupanga zosowa za lipoprotein potenga zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi cholesterol.
Kupanda kutero, kuphwanya kumabweretsa kufooka, kufooka kwa makoma amitsempha, kuphulika, kutopa msanga, kutsika pansi kupweteka, kufooketsa chitetezo chamthupi, kukhumudwa, kusowa kwa dongosolo la kubereka.
Lipid metabolism ikufotokozedwa mu kanema m'nkhaniyi.
