Ndi matenda monga matenda ashuga, njira zonse za metabolic m'thupi zimasokonezeka chifukwa chakuletsa kuphatikizidwa kwa insulin. Poterepa, munthu amayamba ndi matenda a shuga 1. Ngati wodwala sanapatsidwe mankhwala oyenera, ndiye kuti amakhala ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri, momwe chidwi cha maselo a thupi kupita ku insulin chimazimiririka.
Njira zotere mthupi zimatha kuchitika chifukwa cha kusayenda bwino kwa kapamba, m'maselo omwe insulin imapangidwa.
Chithandizo cha matenda okhudzana ndi matenda a shuga a insulin (mtundu 1) zimachokera ku kupangika kwama mahomoni nthawi zonse kuchokera kunja. Izi ndizofunikira kuonetsetsa momwe wodwalayo amagwira ntchito. Mu shuga mellitus wamtundu wachiwiri, insulin sikufunika nthawi zonse, chifukwa kapamba amatha kupanga mahomoni akeawo.
Mulimonsemo, wodwala yemwe ali ndi vutoli ayenera kukhala ndi insulin nthawi zonse kuti agwire insulini ngati pakufunika.
Pakadali pano, pali zida zambiri zoyendetsera mankhwalawa pamsika, kuphatikiza ma syringe apadera, zolembera za syringe, mapampu a insulin, makampani osiyanasiyana omwe ali ndi mitengo yosiyana. Popewa kuvulaza thupi, wodwalayo ayenera kutha kupereka bwino jakisoni komanso popanda kupweteka.
Mitundu yayikulu ya ma insulin ma syringes
Mitundu ya ma syringes ilipo:
- Ma syringe ndi singano yochotsa, yomwe imatha kusinthidwa mukamamwa mankhwalawo ndikuwapatsa wodwala.
- Ma syringe wokhala ndi singano yomanga yomwe imachepetsa kukhalapo kwa malo "akufa", omwe amachepetsa mwayi wa kutayika kwa insulin.
Momwe mungasankhire syringe
Ma syringe onse a insulin amapangidwa kuti akwaniritse zofunika za odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga. Zipangizo zimapangidwa moonekera kuti chiwongoleredwe cha mankhwalawo chizitha kuwongoleredwa, ndipo piston imapangidwa kuti njira ya jakisoni ikuchitika bwino, popanda jerks lakuthwa ndipo siyipweteka.
Mukamasankha syringe, choyambirira, nthawi zonse muyenera kuyang'anira chidwi chomwe chimayikidwa pazinthuzo, chimatchedwanso kuti mtengo. Chofunikira chachikulu kwa wodwala ndi mtengo wogawa (gawo la muyeso).
Zimadziwika ndi kusiyana pakati pa zilembo ziwiri zoyandikana. Mwachidule, gawo la sikelo likuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa yankho lomwe lingatayidwe mu syringe molondola kwambiri.
Kugawikana kwa ma insulin
Kufunika kodziwa kuti nthawi zambiri cholakwika cha ma syringe onse ndi theka la mtengo wogawika pamlingo. Ndiye kuti, ngati wodwalayo ayika jakisoni ndi syringe mu zowonjezera za 2, ndiye kuti alandila mlingo wa insulin wofanana ndi kuphatikiza kapena minus 1 unit.
Ngati munthu amene ali ndi matenda a shuga 1 alibe wonenepa ndipo thupi lake limakhala labwinobwino, ndiye kuti gawo limodzi la insulin yocheperako limapangitsa kuchepa kwa glucose pafupifupi 8.3 mmol / lita. Ngati jakisoni waperekedwa kwa mwana, ndiye kuti kutsika kwa shuga kumakhala kwamphamvu kwambiri ndipo muyenera kudziwa ngati shuga yayamba ndi mulingo wotani, kuti musachepetse kwambiri.
Izi zikuwonetsa kuti odwala matenda ashuga ayenera kukumbukira nthawi zonse kuti ngakhale cholakwika chaching'ono kwambiri cha syringe, mwachitsanzo, mayunitsi 0,25 a insulin yochepa, sangangokulitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, koma nthawi zina amayambitsa hypoglycemia, chifukwa chake mtengo ndi ndizofunikira.
Kuti jakisoni akhale woyenera, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito ma syringe okhala ndi gawo lochepa, motero, ndi cholakwika chochepa. Ndipo mutha kugwiritsanso ntchito njira monga kuchepetsera mankhwala.
Chingakhale chiyani syringe yabwino yoperekera insulin
Chofunika kwambiri, kuchuluka kwa chipangizocho sikuyenera kupitirira magawo 10, ndipo muyeso uyenera kulembedwa kuti mtengo wogawika ndi magawo 0,25. Nthawi yomweyo, mtengo pamlingo uyenera kukhala wotalikirana wina ndi mnzake kotero kuti sizovuta kuti wodwala azindikire kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawo. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto lowonera.
Tsoka ilo, mafakisoni ambiri amapereka syringes yoyendetsera insulin yomwe mtengo wake wagawika ndi 2 magawo. Komabe, nthawi zina pamakhala zinthu zina zomwe zimakhala ndi gawo limodzi, ndipo zina, zigawo za 0.25 zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito cholembera
Madokotala ambiri amavomereza kuti kugwiritsa ntchito ma syringe ndi singano zosasunthika ndizokwanira kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo, chifukwa alibe malo "otayika", zomwe zikutanthauza kuti sipangakhale kutaya kwa mankhwalawo ndipo munthu azilandira mlingo wofunikira wa mahomoni. Kuphatikiza apo, ma syringe amenewa amadzetsa ululu wocheperako.
Anthu ena amagwiritsa ntchito syringes kamodzi, monga iyenera, koma angapo. Zachidziwikire, ngati mumatsatira mosamalitsa malamulo onse aukhondo ndikunyamula mosamala syringe pambuyo poti mwabayidwa, ndiye kuti kugwiritsanso ntchito kwololedwa.
Koma ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti pambuyo pobayidwa jakisoni ndi mankhwala omwewo, wodwalayo amayamba kumva kupweteka pamalo a jakisoni, chifukwa singano imayamba kuzimiririka. Chifukwa chake, ndibwino kuti cholembera chofanana cha syringe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yayitali.
Musanatenge yankho kuchokera mu vial, ndikofunikira kupukuta khokho lake ndi mowa, ndipo zomwe zili mkati sizigwedezeka. Lamuloli likugwiranso ntchito kwa insulin yochepa. Ngati wodwala akuyenera kupereka mankhwala omwe atulutsidwa nthawi yayitali, ndiye, m'malo mwake, botolo liyenera kugwedezeka, chifukwa insulin yake ndiyoyimitsidwa yomwe iyenera kusakanizidwa musanagwiritse ntchito.
Musanalowe mu syringe mlingo woyenera wa mankhwalawa, muyenera kukokera piston ku sikelo yomwe imatsimikiza mlingo woyenera, ndikubaya khomo la botolo. Kenako muyenera kulimbira piston kuti mulole mpweya mu botolo. Zitatha izi, vial ndi syringe iyenera kutembenuzidwira ndikuyankhira kuti ikapezeke pang'ono pokhapokha muyezo wofunikira.
Pali lingaliro linanso limodzi: ndibwino kubaya khokho lomwe lili m'botolo ndi singano yayikulu, ndikuyika jakisoni wokha wowonda (insulin).
Ngati mpweya walowa mu syringe, muyenera kutchera katunduyo ndi chala chanu ndi kufinya thovu.
Kuphatikiza pa malamulo oyambira kugwiritsa ntchito ma insulin, palinso zina zomwe zimayambitsidwa chifukwa chofunikira kulumikizana ndi mayankho osiyanasiyana mukamapanga insulin yokwanira:
- Mu syringe, nthawi zonse muyenera kuyimba insulin yoyamba, kenako.
- Kukonzekera mwachangu insulini ndi kukonzekera kwapakati kuyenera kuperekedwa mukangosakaniza, kumatha kusungidwa kwakanthawi kochepa kwambiri.
- Insulin yomwe imagwira ntchito pakati sayenera kusakanikirana ndi insulin yayitali yokhala ndi kuyimitsidwa kwa zinc. Chifukwa apo ayi, kutembenuka kwa mankhwala yayitali kukhala yochepa kumatha kuchitika, ndipo izi zimabweretsa zotsatira zosayembekezeka.
- Wogwira ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali Glargin ndi Detemir sayenera kuphatikizidwa ndi mitundu ina iliyonse yamankhwala.
- Tsambalo la jakisoni liyenera kupukutidwa ndi madzi ofunda okhala ndi chowongolera, kapena antiseptic. Njira yoyamba ndiyofunikira kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga omwe ali ndi khungu louma kwambiri. Pankhaniyi, mowa amaziwumitsanso.
- Mukabayidwa, singano imayenera kumayikidwa nthawi zonse pakadutsa 45 kapena 75 kuti insulini isalowe minofu ya minofu, koma pansi pa khungu. Pambuyo pa jekeseni, muyenera kudikirira masekondi 10 kuti mankhwalawo amveke kwathunthu, ndipo pokhapokha mutulutse singano.
Syringe - insulin - cholembera ndi chiyani
Phata la syringe la insulin ndi mtundu wapadera wa syringe yoperekera mankhwala momwe makhatoni apadera omwe amakhala ndi mahomoni. Cholembera cha syringe chimalola kuti odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga asatenge mabotolo a mahomoni ndi syringe nawo.
Zabwino za syringe:
- Mlingo wa insulin ungathe kukhazikitsidwa pamtengo wa 1 unit;
- chogwiriracho chili ndi malaya akulu kwambiri, omwe amalilola kuti lisinthidwe kawirikawiri;
- insulin imachotsedwera molondola kuposa momwe zimakhalira ndi ma syringes achizolowezi;
- jakisoni ndi wosathamanga;
- pali mitundu ya cholembera momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito mitundu yambiri ya insulin;
- singano za m'ming'alu ya syringe nthawi zonse ndizochepa thupi kuposa ma syringe abwino;
- pali mwayi wowayika jakisoni kulikonse, wodwalayo safunika kuwachotsa, ndiye kuti palibe mavuto osafunikira.
Zosiyanasiyana ma singano a ma syringe ndi zolembera, mawonekedwe osankha
Chofunika kwambiri kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga sichingotchipa chogawana syringe, komanso lakuthwa kwa singano, chifukwa izi zimapangitsa kumva kovutikira komanso kukhazikitsidwa koyenera kwa mankhwalawo muzinthu zowononga.
Masiku ano, masingano osiyanasiyana amtundu amapangidwa, omwe amachititsa kuti jakisoni iperekeke molondola popanda chiopsezo cholowa minofu yamatenda. Kupanda kutero, kusinthasintha kwa shuga m'magazi kungakhale kosayembekezereka.
Ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito masingano okhala ndi kutalika kwa mamilimita 4 mpaka 8, popeza nawonso ndiwocheperako kuposa singano wamba zoperekera insulin. Singano zokhazokha zimakhala ndi makulidwe a 0,33 mm, ndipo pa singano zotere ndi mulifupi ndi 0,23 mm. Mwachibadwa, pang'onopang'ono singano, imachepetsa jakisoni. zomwezo zimaphatikizira insulin.
Momwe mungasankhire singano ya jakisoni wa insulin:
- Kwa akulu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga komanso onenepa kwambiri, ma singano okhala ndi kutalika kwa 4-6 mm ndi oyenera.
- Pa chithandizo choyambirira cha insulin, ndibwino kusankha singano zazifupi mpaka 4 mamilimita.
- Kwa ana, komanso achinyamata, singano 4 mpaka 5 mm kutalika ndi koyenera.
- Ndikofunikira kusankha singano osati kutalika kokha, komanso m'mimba mwake, popeza yaying'ono kwambiri, jakisoni sangakhalepo.
Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, odwala matenda ashuga nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito singano zomwezo jakisoni mobwerezabwereza. Zopanda zazikulu za izi ndikuti microtraumas imawonekera pakhungu lomwe silingaoneke ndi maliseche. Ma microdamages oterewa amatsogolera kuphwanya umphumphu wa khungu, zisindikizo zimatha kuwonekera, zomwe mtsogolomo zimabweretsa zovuta zingapo. Kuphatikiza apo, insulin ikalowetsedwanso m'malo oterowo, imatha kuchita zinthu mosakonzekera, zomwe zimayambitsa kusinthasintha kwamagazi a shuga.
Mukamagwiritsa ntchito zolembera za syringe, mavuto omwewo akhoza kuchitika ngati wodwala agwiritsanso ndi singano imodzi. Kubayidwa kulikonse mobwerezabwereza pamenepa kumayambitsa kuchuluka kwa mpweya pakati pa cartridge ndi malo akunja, ndipo izi zimapangitsa kuti insulini itayike komanso kutaya katundu wake wochiritsa panthawi yopuma.
