Insulin imapangidwa mu kapamba ndipo ndiye mahomoni ophunziridwa kwambiri pa zamakono. Imagwira ntchito zingapo, imapangidwa kudzera m'maselo a beta, ndikuwongolera njira za metabolic m'thupi.
Ntchito yayikulu ndi kupanga matenda kukhala ndi shuga m'magazi. Izi zikutanthauza kuti kuchuluka kwa mahomoni ambiri kumalepheretsa kukula kwa matenda ashuga. Chinthu chinanso cholimbitsa thupi chifukwa cha "kupatsa" maselo osati mphamvu, komanso ma amino acid.
Kodi ndingadziwe bwanji ngati kapamba amatulutsa insulin kapena ayi? Kuti muchite izi, zindikirani zomwe zili mu insulin. Pali miyambo ina, ngati pali kupatuka, izi zikuwonetsa kuti ndi wachibale kapena kusakwanira kokwanira.
Tiye tiwone umo mahomoni amapangidwira, ndipo amatani? Kodi chimapangitsa kuchuluka kapena kuchepa kwa insulini m'magazi?
Kodi timadzi tating'onoting'ono timapangidwa bwanji?
Chifukwa chake, ndimaselo ati a pancreatic omwe amapanga insulini? Kuphatikiza kwa mahomoni kumachitika ndi maselo a beta. Amadziwikanso kuti zisumbu za pancreatic kapena zisumbu za Langerhans.
Makina a mapangidwe a mahoni m'thupi ndi osavuta. Imayamba kupangidwa mwachangu pamene kuchuluka kwa chakudya cham'madzi mu michere kumachuluka. Chakudya chilichonse chomwe chimalowa m'mimba chimayambitsa kuphatikiza kwa mahomoni. Chakudya chimatha kukhala mapuloteni, masamba, mafuta - osati chakudya chokha. Munthu akamadya zolimba, kuchuluka kwa mahomoni kumawonjezeka. Potengera maziko a njala, imagwera.
Zikondamoyo zimasunthira timadzi m'magazi. Insulin yaumunthu imapereka maselo ndi potaziyamu, shuga, amino acid. Imaperekanso malangizo a kayendetsedwe kazinthu michere m'thupi, imapatsanso mphamvu maselo. Pogwiritsa ntchito njira za chakudya, insulin imayendetsa kagayidwe kazakudya zama protein ndi mapuloteni.
Kodi insulin imagwira ntchito bwanji? Zotsatira zake zimachitika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa ma enzymes ambiri omwe amapangidwa m'thupi. Ntchito yayikulu ndikusunga shuga wambiri. Glucose ndi gwero la chakudya cha bongo ndi ziwalo zamkati. Insulin imalimbikitsa kuyamwa kwa glucose, chifukwa, mphamvu imatulutsidwa.
Magwiridwe a mahomoni amatsimikiziridwa ndi mndandanda wotsatira:
- Zimathandizira kuloza glucose mpaka ma cellular, gawo limadziunjikira mumaselo.
- Kuchulukitsa machulukidwe am'mimba, omwe amawapatsa zakudya zofunikira. Molekyu sangathe kuvulaza, imapukusidwa kudzera nembanemba.
- Zimatenga gawo la chiwindi, chifukwa cha zomwe glycogen imapangidwa.
- Zimathandizira kupanga mapuloteni, zimathandizira kuchulukana kwawo.
- Pogwira nawo ntchito yopanga mahomoni okula, limalepheretsa mapangidwe a matupi a ketone, limalepheretsa kuchepa kwa mafuta m'thupi.
Zotsatira za insulin zimafalikira ku zochita zonse za mthupi.
Hormoni ndi chinthu chokhacho chomwe chimatsutsana ndi mahomoni a hyperglycemic, poletsa kuchuluka kwa shuga.
Amakhala ndi insulin mwachizolowezi
Thupi la mahomoni limayang'anira zovuta zamapuloteni, zimatenga gawo polumikizana ndi mapuloteni, chakudya cham'mimba ndi lipids. Monga taonera kale, insulin imapangidwa ndi maselo a beta. Ngati vutoli lachitika mu ntchito yawo, kuchuluka kwa insulin m'thupi kumachepa, ndiye kuti matenda a shuga omwe amadalira insulin amapezeka.
Pali chithunzi china - kaphatikizidwe ka insulin akadali abwinobwino, koma kukana kwa insulin kumawonekera - kuyankha kwa kagayidwe kazakudya kwa mahomoni amkati kapena chikhalidwe chakunja. Poterepa, amalankhula za matenda amtundu wachiwiri.
Ngati pali kukayikira kukhalapo kwa matendawa, ndiye kuti kafukufuku amachitika kuti adziwe kuchuluka kwa insulin m'magazi.
Mitengo ya mahomoni kutengera ndi zaka:
- Kwa munthu wamkulu, chizolowezi chimasiyanasiyana kuyambira 3 mpaka 25 mcU / ml;
- Muubwana, 3-20 mkU / ml;
- Pa nthawi yobereka mwana, 6-27 mkU / ml;
- Mwa anthu opitirira zaka 60 - 6-36 mkU / ml.
Kuchuluka kwa insulin mwa ana aang'ono sikusintha, chifukwa izi zimachitika chifukwa cha mawonekedwe azakudya zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kuyambika kwa zinthu kumawonjezeka pa kutha. Kenako kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'thupi kumatsimikiziridwa ndi kuchuluka kwa chakudya chomwe munthu amadya.
Miyezo ya mahomoni imawonjezeka ngati munthu amamwa chakudya chamafuta ambiri othamanga. Kuti mudziwe kuchuluka kwake, kafukufukuyo amachitika pamimba yopanda kanthu.
Simungatenge magazi pambuyo jakisoni wa insulin.
Malangizo a kapamba
Kuchuluka kwa insulin mthupi kumachepa chifukwa cha zifukwa zosiyanasiyana. Zachidziwikire, etiology yeniyeniyo ndiyovuta ya kapamba. Komabe, sizimangokhala choncho, nthawi zonse pamakhala magwero ena.
Chifukwa chachikulu chimaphatikizapo zizolowezi zoyipa za kudya - kudya pafupipafupi nthawi yolakwika, zakudya zopatsa mphamvu zopatsa mphamvu, kupezeka kwa mndandanda wazakudya zambiri zamafuta abwino.
Kodi nchifukwa chiyani kapamba samatulutsa insulini? Zina mwazoyambitsa zimaphatikizira matenda opatsirana komanso osachiritsika omwe amachepetsa thupi komanso kutsitsa chitetezo cha mthupi. Kuchuluka kwa mahomoni kumakhudzidwa ndi nkhawa, neurosis, matenda amitsempha.
Chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa peptide phula, dziko la hyperglycemic limakula - shuga amadziunjikira m'thupi. Panthawi imeneyi, wodwala amapezeka ndi matenda a shuga 1.
Kuperewera kwa insulini kumalepheretsa kuchuluka kwa shuga kumaselo, zomwe zimabweretsa kukula kwa zisonyezo:
- Chilichonse chofuna kumwa.
- Kuda nkhawa kwambiri, nkhawa.
- Kuukira kwanjala.
- Kusakwiya.
- Kuyamwa mwachangu.
- Kusokonezeka tulo.
Sipangakhalepo mahomoni okwanira m'magazi, koma kuchuluka kwa shuga sikokwanira - izi zikuwonetsa mavuto ndi endocrine system, endocrinologist ayenera kufunsidwa.
Pofuna kupewa kukula kwa matenda a shuga, insulin iyenera kuchuluka. Odwala amalimbikitsidwa kudya moyenera, mankhwala, zolimbitsa thupi.
Kubwezeretsa kuchuluka kwa mahomoni m'thupi, Medcivin ndi mankhwala; Civilil ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti kukonzanso kwa beta-cell kukonzanso kwa gland; Livitsin - chida chomwe chimathandiza kuchepetsa mitsempha ya magazi.
Chakudyacho chimaphatikizapo zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa ntchito ya kapamba - parsley, mabulosi abulu, kabichi, nyama yopendekera, mafuta ochepa kefir, maapulo.
Gland hyperfunction
Hyperfunction yopanga mahomoni imabweretsa mavuto akulu azaumoyo, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuti achepetse kupanga izi posachedwa. Zikondazo zimapanga insulin yochuluka kwambiri motsutsana ndi matenda akulu.
Mwa akazi, zomwe zimayambitsa zimatha kukhala m'mimba lama polycystic. Zizindikiro zatsatanetsatane wa pathological ndondomeko yamafuta am'mimba pamimba, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kunenepa kwambiri.
Insulinoma ndi chotupa pazilonda. Poterepa, kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi ndi kochepa, koma pali insulini yambiri. Zomwe zimayambitsa Hyperfunction mkati mwathu zimatha kusiyanitsidwa:
- Tumor misa omwe amachitika padera muubongo;
- Mankhwala osavomerezeka a shuga;
- Kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi ntchito;
- Mavuto a chithokomiro;
- Dystrophy ya minofu ya minofu;
- Kunenepa kwambiri
- Itsenko-Cushing's syndrome.
Ngati motsutsana ndi maziko a Hyperfunction, wodwalayo amayesedwa ndi shuga, ndiye kuti glycemia idzakhala pansi pazovomerezeka. Chifukwa cha mkhalidwe wa hypoglycemic, thanzi la wodwalayo limakulirakulira, ndipo zizindikiro zowopsa zimawonedwa.
Kusokonekera kwa psychomotor kwakupezeka, kugwidwa - chofanana ndi khunyu, matenda amitsempha, kukomoka kwa chikomokere - zizindikiro zomwe zimayenderana ndi shuga wochepa m'thupi.
Ngati chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa insulini ndi chotupa, ndiye kuti wodwalayo amadandaula za kupweteka pamimba, paresis, zimbudzi zotayirira, kuchuluka kwambiri.
Zotsatira zoyipa cha kapamba
Insulini ndi mahomoni apamba. Amachita ntchito yosintha shuga kukhala chinthu chopatsa mphamvu ubongo ndi ziwalo zina ndi machitidwe ndi mphamvu, yomwe imalola kuti thupi lizigwira ntchito moyenera.
Insulin ikapanda kupangidwa m'thupi la munthu, mtundu 1 wa shuga umayamba. Ichi ndi matenda a autoimmune a endocrine system, chizindikiro chachikulu chodziwitsa ndi boma la hyperglycemic - kuchuluka kwa shuga.
Zizindikiro zazikulu zimaphatikizira kuwonjezeka kapena kuchepa kwa njala, kutopa kwambiri, ludzu losatha, kunenepa kwambiri. Ndi nthawi yayitali ya matendawa, kuledzera kumawonekera chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa lipids - fungo losasangalatsa la acetone kuchokera kumkati wamkamwa, kuchokera pakhungu.
Matenda a 2 a shuga ndi matenda osokoneza bongo omwe amachitika motsutsana ndi maziko a hyperglycemia. Kuchuluka kwa insulini kumapangidwa m'thupi kapena kumakhala kochulukirapo, koma maselo amataya chidwi chake, chifukwa, shuga amadziunjikira m'magazi.
Matenda awiri awa ndi osachiritsika, sangachiritsidwe kwathunthu. Kuopsa kwake kuli m'mavuto:
- Microangiopathy ndi macroangiopathy.
- Polyneuropathy.
- Arthropathy.
- Kugundika kwa mandala.
- Retinopathy
- Matenda a shuga.
- Encephalopathy, etc.
Ngakhale mayina ofananawo, matenda amtundu wa 1 ndi mtundu wa 2 ali ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mankhwala. Poyamba, mankhwala a insulin amadziwika, mwa njira yachiwiri - njira yothandizira, masewera, moyo wathanzi. Ngati njira zosagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala sizipereka chifukwa, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito mapiritsi.
Kulephera kugwira bwino ntchito mu gland kungayambitse kukula kwa chifuwa chachikulu cha pancreatitis - yotupa mkati. Pathology imadziwika ndi kupweteka kwambiri, nseru, kusanza, matenda am'mimba. Popanda thandizo laumunthu, chiopsezo chaimfa chiri pamwamba. Nthawi zambiri, matenda a kapamba ndi matenda a shuga amapezeka m'mbiri imodzimodziyo (pazochitika zoposa 50%).
Kuchepa kapena kuchuluka kwa insulini kungayambitse chotupa - insulinomas. Mapangidwe awa nthawi zambiri amakhala osavomerezeka, koma chikhalidwe choyipa chimapezeka mu 15% ya zojambulazo.
Insulin ndi timadzi timene timayendetsa shuga m'thupi, timagwira nawo ntchito popanga michere. Kupatuka kuchoka pazizolowezi - chizindikiro chochokera m'thupi chokhudza kukhalapo kwa matenda aliwonse omwe amafunikira kuthana nawo mwachangu.
Insulin yaumunthu ikufotokozedwa mu kanema mu nkhaniyi.
