Munthu aliyense posachedwa amakumana ndi kufunika koyezera kukakamizidwa kunyumba kapena ndi abale. Kenako amapita mothandizidwa ndi tonometer - chida chapadera pazenera pomwe ziwerengero zitatu zofunika kuzindikiritsa zimawonetsedwa - kupanikizika (systolic), kutsika (diastolic) ndi kugunda.
Matenda oopsa a classical komanso kukwera kwa kukakamizidwa kumakhudza munthu wina aliyense padziko lapansi ndipo pafupifupi anthu onse azaka zopitilira 40. Koma nthawi zina sikhala chiwerengero choyamba chodetsa nkhawa, koma chachiwiri, pamakhala kupanikizika kwambiri. Kodi kuthamanga kwa magazi mwa anthu kumatanthauza chiyani? Dziwani zambiri za izi.
Mtima umapopa magazi mthupi. Pakuyenda kwake kosalala, mikhalidwe yapadera ndiyofunikira pakuchepetsa kwa minofu yamtima yamtima, malamulo ake omwe. Chimodzi mwazinthuzi ndi zochitika za minofu ya mtima.
Kusintha kolowera mu maselo am'maso a michere yayikulu - potaziyamu ndi sodium - komanso kusiyanasiyana kwa magnesium ndi calcium, zomwe zimakhala zofunikira pamtima, magawo amasinthidwe. Depolarization (kutulutsa kwa tinthu tomwe timayendetsedwa ndikuwonongeka kwa minofu) kumalowa m'malo mwa kubwezeretsanso (kubwezeretsa minofu kuti ipumule). Chifukwa chake, magawo otsatirawa a mtima amasiyanitsidwa:
- Systole ndimakonda mtima. Pakadali pano, minyewa yotaya minofu imataya magazi onse kunja kwake. Kukoka kumadalira ma systole pafupipafupi, ndipo kukakamizidwa kwapamwamba kumadalira pakuchepetsa mphamvu. Ndi mphamvu yodula zomangira zamankhwala, mtima umatha kupopa magazi ku selo iliyonse mthupi.
- Diastole - pakadali pano minofu imapumula ndikudzaza ndi magazi, kudyetsa. Koma kupanikizika kuyenera kusungidwa pafupipafupi kuti njira zonse za metabolic zitheke, mchere wamchere. Tsopano ziwiya zotumphukira ndi khoma lawo zotanuka ndizomwe zimayambitsa kupanikizika kosalekeza, impso zimachita zokomera, zotsalira za pituitary gland ndi vasopressin zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri.
- Kupuma kwapafupipafupi - mkombero wamtima umayima, ma ayoni amapunthidwa kutengera ndi kuchuluka kwa ndende, minofu ikupuma.
Miyezo ya kukakamiza ndiyomwe imasinthasintha komanso kusinthasintha, koma World Association of Cardiology yatenga malire okwanira pazofunikira zomwe ndi: 100-110 mulingo woyenera, 110-125 yabwinobwino, 125-139 ikuwonjezeka kwabwinobwino kwa systolic, komanso kuchuluka kwa 65-89 kwa diastolic, malinga ndi matebulo amakono a masiku ano. Ndi m'badwo, masinthidwe amatha kusintha, ndipo kupsinjika kwa 130 sikungokhala kwazowopsa, koma zenizeni za moyo.
Zimayambitsa kuchuluka kwa diastolic
Matenda oopsa a diastolic sakhala chizindikiro cha matenda amtima nthawi zonse.
Nthawi zambiri muyenera kuyang'ana cholumikizira chachikulu mu pathogenesis ya endocrine tiziwalo timene timayang'anira hemodynamic homeostasis - impso, adrenal gland ndi gitu.
Koma musanadandaule kuti chifukwa chiyani tonometer anaganiza zowonetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi, onetsetsani kuti muyezo umachitika molondola.
Ngati muli ndi buku lowunikira magazi, tsatirani malangizo opangira kupanikizika pogwiritsa ntchito njira ya Korotkov (njira yodziwika bwino yogwiritsira ntchito phonendoscope), ngati muli ndi yodziwikiratu, musalankhule poyeza, osafinya babu pambuyo pokopa mpweya, ikani cuff flush ndi mtima woyimirira.
Ngati mukupitilizabe kufunsa "Kukakamiza kotsika 90, izi zikutanthauza chiyani?" kenako mverani:
- Mkhalidwe wa impso. Kukayikira kugwera pa glomerulonephritis, pyelonephritis, cystitis ndiyotheka. Masiku ano, kuyezetsa kwamikodzo ndi kosavuta komanso sikodula. Cortical aimpso wosanjikiza zimakhala ndi maselo apadera omwe, mothandizidwa ndi renin, amakhudza kamvekedwe ka mtima. Ndi kutupa, ngakhale kuperewera, dongosolo lino limatha kulephera. Kufufuza koyambirira ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi kuyezetsa magazi ndi kuyesa kwa magazi kwa omwe amalembera impso, komanso urinalysis.
- Kuchuluka kwa magazi. Osadyetsa kwambiri chakudya, chifukwa pambuyo pake ludzu lamphamvu silitha. Madzi ambiri otere amawonjezera dziwe lonse loyenda magazi, pomwe kuthinana kumatsika. Zofananazo zimawonedwa pambuyo poti anthu ambiri akamwe mowa, monga mowa.
- Kusuta fodya komanso mowa. Izi zipsinjo zimayambitsa kupuma kosalekeza komanso kumasuka kwamitsempha yamagazi, kuwonongeka kwa endothelium ya gawo lawo lamkati, lomwe limabweretsa kuwonongeka ndi kusokonezeka kwa kubisala. Zotsatira zake ndikuwonjezereka kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi komanso kusintha kwina kwa ziwalo zokhudzana ndi izi.
- Atherosulinosis Mafuta am'madzi mkati mwa ziwiya amachepetsa lumen yawo, magazi atapanikizika amafinya pabowo lopendekera, ndipo khoma lamitsempha limatsutsana ndikupanikizika.
- Tizilombo ta endocrine. Gawo lachitatu la anthu padziko lapansi ali ndi matenda a chithokomiro. Zovuta zam'mbuyo zamahoroni zimayambitsa matenda oopsa, omwe amachotsedwa pokhapokha atalandira mankhwala a endocrinologist. Ngati mukudziwa za matenda amtundu wa adrenal kapena chithokomiro cha chithokomiro mwa inu kapena banja lanu, muyenera kulingalira za izi ngati zomwe zikuwonjezera kuthamanga kwa magazi.
- Matenda a mtima. Matenda amtundu wa mtima sangathe kudziwika kuti ndi chimodzi mwa zifukwa, chifukwa kupweteka kwam'mimba yake kumatha kupita ku ziwombo zapafupi, kuwachotsera mphamvu.
Kuunika kwa ultrasound pamtima ndi impso, ECG ndi mayeso omwe ali pamwambawa amalimbikitsidwanso.
Momwe mungachepetse kuthamanga kwa magazi?
Kuchulukitsa kwa magazi kumachitika pafupipafupi kwambiri mwakuti munthu samachita nawo chidwi.
Simuyenera kunyalanyaza mkhalidwe wotere, chifukwa ndiowopsa. Kuwonongeka kwa thanzi ndi zizindikiro zazikuluzikulu monga mutu, kufooka, nseru, chizungulire, kutupa ndi tinnitus ndizotalikira kwambiri zomwe zingachitike.
Choyamba, ziwalo "zowopsa" zomwe zimayang'ana kwambiri magazi. Uwu ndiye ubongo, chiwindi, mapapu, impso. Phiri lalitali la nkhawa kwambiri lingapangitse kusintha kwa zinthu m'malo awa.
Pamaso pa kuthamanga kwa magazi kuyenera kuthandizidwa. Lumikizanani ndi katswiri kuti akupatseni mankhwala kuti muthane ndi vuto lanu.
Mankhwala amasiyanasiyana pamitengo ndi magwiritsidwe ake, koma aliyense akhoza kuthandizira kapena kuchepetsa zizindikiro zake. Gulu lalikulu la mankhwala a antihypertensive limaphatikizapo diuretics (Arifon, Furosemide, Hypothiazide, Veroshpiron).
Komanso, chithandizo chotenga nthawi yayitali chimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opangira beta-adrenergic omwe amakhudza mtima adrenergic receptors, kuchepetsa mphamvu ndi kuthamanga kwa contractions. Izi zikuphatikiza Concor, piritsi limodzi lomwe limatha kuthana ndi mavuto ambiri oopsa (matenda ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofuna kuthana ndi zovuta za myocardial infarction, okhudza trophism ya minofu yamtima), komanso Anaprilin, Atenolol, Metoprolol, Bisoprolol.
Ma inhibitors a ACE, monga Captopril, lisinopril, losartan, amathandizira kupsinjika. Ogwiritsa ntchito calcium blockers - Nifedipine ndi Amlodipine, renin zoletsa - Aliskiren. Madokotala a ambulansi amagwiritsanso ntchito magnesia (magnesia sulfate), yomwe imachepetsa kwambiri zovuta zonsezi. Gulu lowonjezera la mankhwalawa limaphatikizapo Prazosin mu gawo la alpha-blocker, Apresin, No-Shpa, Papaverine ngati antispasmodics.
Njira yophweka komanso yotsika mtengo ndizokonzekera mwachilengedwe kuchokera ku gulu loyeserera - tsabola mint, valerian. Zachidziwikire, simungathe kuchotseratu zizindikiro za matendawa pogwiritsa ntchito njira izi, muyenera kudziwa ndikuchotsa chomwe chimayambitsa matendawa.
Ndikulimbikitsidwa kwambiri kuti mugwiritse ntchito mankhwala aliwonse pokhapokha mukaonana ndi katswiri ndikuzindikira zizindikiro zapadera zomwe zikuwonetsedwa mu malangizowo.
Popereka mankhwala, kusintha kuyenera kuchitidwa kuti munthu asalole komanso kuwonerera.
Malangizo owonjezera akatswiri
Ndikothekanso kuchitira kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi njira zotsimikiziridwa ndi wowerengeka. Simuyenera kuwazunza, chifukwa kuchepa kwakanthawi kotsika, osati mitundu yonse ya kukakamiza ndikofunikira.
Nthawi zambiri zimakhala kuti mankhwala achikhalidwe amatha kukwaniritsa zosowa za munthu wosayamba kudwala matenda oopsa. Kugwiritsa ntchito hawthorn kuchotsa katatu patsiku ndi njira yabwinoko kuposa mankhwala a pharmacological. Ndikofunikira kupangira supuni zingapo za zipatso ndi kupsinjika, ndikuwonjezera zakumwa zomwe timayamwa tiyi.
Mamawort, wokonzanso chimodzimodzi, ndi tiyi wa maluwa owuma a peony amathandiza. Njira yapadera ndi ma cones a mkungudza, pomwe zinthu zopindulitsa zimachokera ku mowa. Kuti muchite izi, onjezani ma cones, vodka ndi valerian ku mtsuko, tsanulira shuga ndikusiya kuti mupatsekere kwa milungu iwiri. The Tingafinye amatengedwa supuni katatu patsiku.
Kapangidwe ka chakudya ndi njira yotsimikizika yotsimikizika ngakhale kukalamba. Kuchotsera kuchuluka kwa zakudya zamafuta, mowa, masoseji osuta ndi zinthu zina, zokometsera zochuluka ndi mchere. Muyenera kudya masamba ndi zipatso zambiri, adyo, muzikonda nyama yophika. Khofi wa m'mawa, othandizira kukulitsa matenda oopsa, ayenera kusinthidwa ndi timadziti. Zakudyazo ziyenera kukhala ndi chakudya chokhala ndi index yochepa ya glycemic.
Ma masipini apadera a acupuncture amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala akumwa ngati njira yovuta. Nthawi zambiri, akatswiri amalimbikitsa kuyika paketi yamadzi oundana kapena chinthu china chozizira kumbuyo kwa khosi, pomwe chili pamimba. Chifukwa chake mutha kugona kwa theka la ola, popanda kuzirala mwamphamvu, kenako ndikutambasulira dera lozizira. Ngati ndi kotheka, chepetsa kwambiri kugunda kwa mtima ndi kukakamiza, mutha kupanikizani zala zanu pazenera, popanda kupweteka. Chifukwa chake, extracardiac Reflex imayendetsedwa ndipo kamvekedwe ka mitsempha ya vagus kamawonjezeka, komwe kumapangitsa kutsika kwa magazi.
Zomwe zimayambitsa kuthamanga kwambiri zikufotokozedwa muvidiyoyi.
