Gentamicin Sulfate ndi mankhwala ochulukitsa omwe adziwonetsa okha ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri m'malo monga mankhwala monga:
- zamankhwala;
- dermatology;
- ophthalmology;
- nephrology;
- urology;
- pulmonology;
- otolaryngology;
- ana.
Dzinalo Losayenerana
Dzina losakhala la eni padziko lonse la mankhwalawo ndi Gentamicin (m'Chilatini - Gentamycin kapena Gentamycinum).
Gentamicin Sulfate ndi mankhwala oteteza khungu lanu.
ATX
Gentamicin mu mawonekedwe a yankho la jekeseni wapatsidwa code ya anatomical-achire (kemikali ya ATX) J01GB03. Kalatayo J ikutanthauza kuti mankhwalawa ndi antimicrobial and antibacterial ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza mwatsatanetsatane, zilembo G ndi B zikutanthauza kuti ndi a gulu la aminoglycosides.
Khodi ya ATX yamatsitsi amaso ndi S01AA11. Kalatayo S ikutanthauza kuti mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza ziwalo zam'malingaliro, ndipo zilembo AA zikuwonetsa kuti maantibayotiki adapangira kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito mopindulitsa komanso amakhudza kagayidwe.
Khodi ya ATX ya Gentamicin mu mawonekedwe a mafuta ndi D06AX07. Kalatayo D ikutanthauza kuti mankhwalawa adapangira kuti agwiritse ntchito dermatology, ndipo zilembo AX - kuti ndi mankhwala opha tizilombo.
Kutulutsa mafomu ndi kapangidwe kake
Gentamicin ali ndi mitundu 4 yotulutsira:
- yankho la jakisoni;
- diso likugwa;
- mafuta;
- aerosol.
Chosakaniza chachikulu mu mitundu yonse inayi ndi gentamicin sulfate. Zomwe zili mu yankho la jakisoni zimaphatikizapo zinthu zothandiza monga:
- sodium metabisulfite;
- mchere wa disodium;
- madzi a jakisoni.
Mankhwala amamasulidwa mu ma ampoules a 2 ml, omwe amaikidwa mu ma PC 5. m'matumba otupa. Paketi ili ndi mapaketi 1 kapena 2 (ma 5 kapena 10 ampoules) ndi malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito.
Zothandiza pazinthu zamaso.
- mchere wa disodium;
- sodium kolorayidi;
- madzi a jakisoni.
Njira yothetsera vutoli imapangidwa mu 1 ml mu timachubu totsikira (1 ml muli 3 mg yogwira ntchito). 1 phukusi limatha kukhala ndi machubu 1 kapena 2 otsikira.
Omwe amapangira mafuta ndi mafuta a parafini:
- olimba;
- madzi;
- zofewa;
- zoyera.
Mankhwalawa amagulitsidwa m'matumba a 15 mg.
Gentamicin mu mawonekedwe a aerosol monga gawo lothandiza ali ndi thovu la aerosol ndipo imayikidwa mu 140 g m'mabotolo apadera a aerosol okhala ndi kutsitsi.
Zotsatira za pharmacological
Gentamicin ndi mankhwala othana ndi mabakiteriya omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pochizira (khungu) komanso matenda amkati. Mankhwalawa amapha tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, ndikuwononga ntchito yawo yotchinga. Mankhwala amagwira ntchito motsutsana ndi magulu a mabakiteriya monga:
- staphylococci;
- streptococci (mitundu ina);
- Shigella
- Salmonella
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa;
- enterobacter;
- Klebsiella;
- mapuloteni.
Mankhwala sagwira ntchito:
- treponema (causative wothandizila wa syphilis);
- pa neiseria (matenda a meningococcal);
- mabakiteriya a anaerobic;
- mavairasi, bowa ndi protozoa.
Pharmacokinetics
Mphamvu yofunikira kwambiri mthupi imaperekedwa ndi jakisoni wa intravenous and intramuscular management. Ndi jakisoni wa mu mnofu, ndende ya plasma imalembedwa pambuyo pa mphindi 30-60. Mankhwala amatsimikizika m'magazi kwa maola 12. Kuphatikiza pa plasma yamagazi, Gentamicin imalowa mwachangu ndipo imafotokozedwa bwino mu zimakhala zam'mapapu, impso ndi chiwindi, placenta, komanso sputum ndi zamadzimadzi monga:
- kuphatikiza;
- pleural;
- wosaloledwa.
Mitundu yotsika kwambiri ya mankhwalawa imapezeka mu bile ndi cerebrospinal fluid.
Mankhwalawa samaphatikizidwa m'thupi: oposa 90% a mankhwalawa amachotsedwa ndi impso. Mlingo wa kuchotserera umatengera m'badwo wa wodwalayo komanso kuchuluka kwa chilolezo cha creatinine. Okalamba odwala impso wathanzi, theka-moyo wa mankhwalawa ndi maola 2-3, ana a zaka 1 sabata mpaka miyezi isanu ndi umodzi - maola 3-3,5, mpaka sabata 1 - maola 5.5, ngati mwana akulemera kuposa 2 kg , ndi maola opitilira 8, ngati kulemera kwake kumakhala kochepera 2 kg.
Hafu ya moyo ikhoza kupitilizidwa ndi:
- kuchepa magazi
- kutentha kwambiri;
- kuyaka kwambiri.
Ndi matenda a impso, theka la moyo wa Gentamicin limakulitsidwa ndipo kuthetseratu kwake kungakhale kosakwanira, zomwe zingayambitse kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa mthupi komanso kupezeka kwakukulu.
Kodi chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi chiyani?
Mankhwala amapatsidwa matenda opatsirana ndi kutupa:
- Matendawa. Monga:
- pyelonephritis;
- matenda amitsempha;
- cystitis
- prostatitis.
- Otsika kupuma thirakiti. Monga:
- kusangalatsa;
- chibayo
- bronchitis;
- kuphatikiza;
- chotupa cha m'mapapo.
- M'mimba. Monga:
- peritonitis;
- cholangitis;
- pachimake cholecystitis.
- Mafupa ndi mafupa.
- Chiwonetsero cha khungu. Monga:
- zilonda zam'mimba;
- kuwotcha;
- furunculosis;
- seborrheic dermatitis;
- ziphuphu
- paronychia;
- pyoderma;
- folliculitis.
- Diso. Monga:
- conjunctivitis;
- blepharitis;
- keratitis.
- Pakati mantha dongosolo, kuphatikizapo meningitis ndi vermiculitis.
Gentamicin imagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati sepsis chifukwa cha opaleshoni ndi bakiteriya septicemia.
Contraindication
Mankhwala si mankhwala ngati wodwala:
- silivomereza maantibayotiki a gulu la antiglycoside kapena zinthu zina zomwe zimapanga mankhwala;
- ali ndi vuto la mitsempha yamitsempha yamagetsi;
- odwala ndi azotemia, uremia;
- ali ndi aimpso kapena a chiwindi;
- ali munthawi yamimba;
- ndi mayi woyamwitsa;
- odwala ndi myasthenia;
- ali ndi matenda a Parkinson;
- ali ndi matenda a vetibular zida (chizungulire, tinnitus);
- osakwana zaka 3.
Ndi chisamaliro
Mankhwala amatengedwa mosamala kwambiri, ngati mbiriyo ili ndi chisonyezo cha zomwe zimayambitsa thupi, komanso ngati wodwala akudwala:
- botulism;
- hypocalcemia;
- kusowa kwamadzi.
Momwe mungatenge mankhono a slamate?
Kwa odwala azaka zopitilira 14 omwe ali ndi matenda a kwamikodzo, mankhwalawa ndi 0,4 mg ndipo amathandizidwa katatu patsiku intramuscularly, matenda opatsirana kwambiri komanso sepsis, mankhwalawa amatumizidwa katatu patsiku, 0,8-1 mg. Mlingo wapamwamba kwambiri sayenera kupitirira 5 mg patsiku. Kutalika kwa chithandizo ndi masiku 7-10. Woopsa, m'masiku atatu oyamba, Gentamicin imayendetsedwa kudzera m'mitsempha, kenako wodwalayo amapatsidwa jakisoni wambiri.
Pakukonzekera kwa mtsempha, njira yokhayo yopanga ndi ma ampoules imagwiritsidwa ntchito; ngati jakisoni wamkati, mankhwalawa amakonzedwa musanayambe kuperekera, kupukuta ufa ndi madzi a jekeseni.
Gentamicin imatha kutengedwa ngati inhalation pochiza matenda opumira.
Kutupa konyansa pakhungu, ma follicles a tsitsi, furunculosis ndi matenda ena owuma a khungu amathandizidwa ndi mafuta. Choyamba, madera omwe akukhudzidwawo amathandizidwa ndi yankho la Furacilin kuti achotsemo zotulutsa ndi zotumphukira zakufa, kenako mafuta owonda amawayika katatu patsiku kwa masiku 7-10 (ma bandeji amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito). Mlingo wa mafuta a tsiku lililonse kwa munthu wamkulu sayenera kupitirira 200 mg.
Aerosol imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda akhungu, koma mawonekedwe ogwiritsira ntchito ndi ofanana ndi mafuta. Aerosol amayenera kuthiridwa pansi kuchokera kumtunda pafupifupi 10 cm kuchokera pakhungu.
Matenda amaso amathandizidwa ndi madontho, kuwakhazikitsa mu conjunctival sac katatu patsiku.
Kodi ndizotheka kumwa mankhwalawa chifukwa cha matenda ashuga?
Matenda a shuga sikuti kubwezeretsa chithandizo pa mankhwala a Gentamicin.
Zotsatira zoyipa za Gentamicin Sulfate
Zotsatira zoyipa chifukwa chotenga Gentamicin ndizosowa ndipo zimatha kupezeka motere:
- kugona, chizungulire, kupweteka mutu;
- kutaya mtima, kuchepa mphamvu, kusanza, kusanza, kuwonda;
- kupweteka kwa minofu, kupindika, kukokana, dzanzi, paresthesia;
- kusokonekera kwa zida za vestibular;
- kusamva kwa makutu;
- kulephera kwaimpso;
- kusokonezeka kwa kwamikodzo dongosolo (oliguria, micromaturia, proteinuria);
- urticaria, malungo, kuyabwa, zotupa pakhungu;
- Zizindikiro zotsika za leukocytes, mapulateleti, potaziyamu, calcium ndi calcium m'magazi;
- kukwezedwa chiwindi ntchito mayeso.
Sizotheka kwambiri:
- kupweteka m'dera la mu mnofu jekeseni;
- phlebitis kapena thrombophlebitis m'munda wa mtsempha wa magazi;
- tubular necrosis;
- kukula kwamphamvu;
- anaphylactic mantha.
Malangizo apadera
- Munthawi ya chithandizo ndi Gentamicin, ndikofunikira kuyang'anira ntchito ya impso, vestibular ndi zothandizira kumva.
- Ndikofunikira nthawi zonse kuwunika kuchuluka kwa potaziyamu, magnesium ndi calcium m'magazi.
- Kwa odwala omwe amalephera aimpso, kuwongolera chilolezo cha creatinine ndikofunikira.
- Wodwala yemwe akudwala matenda owopsa kapena matenda a kwamikodzo (mu gawo la kukhathamiritsa) ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito madzi ambiri panthawi ya mankhwala a Gentamicin.
- Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe ali ndi zakumwa zoledzeretsa mukamalandira chithandizo ndi Gentamicin ndizoletsedwa.
- Chifukwa Mankhwala amachititsa kuchepa ndende, chizungulire, kuchepa Visoko, m`pofunika kusiya magalimoto oyendetsa nthawi yayitali.
Gwiritsani ntchito mu ukalamba
Gentamicin iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala odwala okalamba. Mankhwalawa ali ndi vuto losautsa pamakina am'mutu komanso a vetiwular, ntchito ya impso, ndi okalamba, makina awa, chifukwa cha kusintha kwokhudzana ndi zaka, nthawi zambiri amagwira ntchito kale ndi zovuta. Ngati lingaliro liperekedwe kuti lipatsane mankhwala, ndiye kuti mukumupatsa mankhwala ndipo kwa nthawi yayitali atamaliza, wodwalayo ayenera kuyang'ananso chilolezo cha creatinine ndikuwunika ndi otolaryngologist.
Kupangira Gentamicin Sulfate kwa Ana
Kwa ana ochepera zaka 14, mphamvu ya makonzedwe a mankhwala imayikidwa pokhapokha pakufunika. Mlingo umodzi umawerengeredwa potengera zaka komanso kulemera kwa mwanayo: kwa ana azaka 6 mpaka 14 - 3 mg / kg, kuyambira 1 mpaka 6 - 1.5 mg / kg, osakwana chaka 1 - 1.5-2 mg / kg. Mlingo wapamwamba kwambiri wa tsiku ndi tsiku kwa odwala onse osakwana zaka 14 sayenera kupitirira 5 mg / kg. Mankhwalawa amatumikiridwa katatu patsiku kwa masiku 7-10.
Kuchiza matenda amtundu wakhungu kapena a maso ndi aerosol, mafuta, kapena madontho amaso sikowopsa ndipo kungathe kuperekedwa kwa odwala omwe ali ndi zaka 14. Zolemba zochizira ndizofanana ndi kwa akuluakulu. Mlingo wa mafuta tsiku lililonse sayenera kupitirira 60 mg.
Gwiritsani ntchito pa nthawi yoyembekezera komanso mkaka wa m`mawere
Mankhwalawa amadutsa mosavuta mu placenta ndikulowetsa mkaka wa m'mawere, chifukwa chake, mankhwalawa amaletsa azimayi oyembekezera komanso oyamwitsa. Kamodzi m'thupi la mwana, mankhwalawa amayambitsa kuphwanya kwam'mimba ndipo amatha kupangitsa kuti azidwala matenda osokoneza bongo. Kusiyana ndi momwe zinthu zomwe zingakhale zabwino kwa mayi zimapweteketsa mwana.
Mankhwala ochulukirapo a Gentamicin Sulfate
Kugwiritsa ntchito bongo mopitirira muyeso kumatha chifukwa cha jakisoni wa nobamicin. Mafuta, madontho amaso ndi aerosol sizimapereka zotsatira zofananira. Zizindikiro za bongo zikuphatikiza:
- kusanza ndi kusanza
- kugona ndi mutu;
- zotupa pakhungu;
- malungo
- ugonthi wosasintha;
- kuphwanya ntchito za zida zapamwamba;
- kulephera kwaimpso;
- kuphwanya mkodzo pokonza njira;
- Edema ya Quincke (kawirikawiri).
Njira yothandizira mankhwalawa imaphatikizapo kuchotsedwa kwa mankhwala nthawi yomweyo ndikutsuka magazi ndi hemodialysis kapena dialysis.
Kuchita ndi mankhwala ena
Zosagwirizana kwathunthu ndi gentamicin ndi:
- Amphotericin;
- Heparin;
- mankhwala a beta-lactam.
Gentamicin molumikizana ndi ethaconic acid ndi furosemide imatha kukulitsa zovuta pa impso ndi chothandizira kumva.
Kukula kwa kupuma kwam'mapapo ndi minofu blockade kungayambitse kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yomweyo ya Gentamicin ndi mankhwala monga:
- Decamethonium;
- Tubocurarine;
- Succinylcholine.
Sikulimbikitsidwa kuphatikiza Gentamicin ndi mankhwala awa:
- Viomycin;
- Vancomycin;
- Tobramycin;
- Streptomycin;
- Paromomycin;
- Amikacin;
- Kanamycin;
- Cephaloridin.
Analogi
Ma Analogs a jekeseni yankho ndi:
- Gentamicin Sandoz (Poland, Slovenia);
- Gentamicin-K (Slovenia);
- Gentamicin-Health (Ukraine).
Mndandanda wa mankhwalawa mawonekedwe amatsika amaso ndi:
- Gentadeks (Belarus);
- Dexon (India);
- Dexamethason (Russia, Slovenia, Finland, Romania, Ukraine).
Ma Analogs a mafuta a Gentamicin ndi:
- Candiderm (India);
- Garamycin (Belgium);
- Celestroderm (Belgium, Russia).
Kupita kwina mankhwala
Malinga ndi malangizowo, Gentamicin (mitundu yonse inayi), monga mankhwala ena aliwonse, ayenera kugawidwa m'mafakisoni pokhapokha ngati mwalandira mankhwala.
Kodi ndingagule popanda kulandira mankhwala?
Mitundu iliyonse ya 4 yotulutsira mankhwala ingagulidwe ku pharmacy popanda mankhwala.
Mtengo wa Gentamicin Sulfate
Gentamicin ndi m'gulu la mankhwala otsika mtengo. Mtengo wapakati wa ma 10 ampoules ku pharmacies aku Moscow ndi ma ruble 50., mafuta ndi aerosol - 85-100 rubles., Maso akutsikira - ma ruble 35. M'masitolo opezeka pa intaneti, mtengo wa mankhwalawa ndi ma ruble 5. zochepa.
Zosungidwa zamankhwala
Mankhwala ayenera kusungidwa kuti ana asawapeze. Kutentha kosungirako yankho la jakisoni ndi madontho amaso kuyenera kukhala + 15 ... + 25 ° С, kwa aerosol ndi mafuta - + 8 ... + 15 ° С.
Mankhwala ayenera kusungidwa kuti ana asawapeze.
Tsiku lotha ntchito
Alumali moyo wa madontho amaso ndi zaka 3, aerosol ndi mafuta - zaka 2, jakisoni yankho - 1 chaka. Maso akutsikira mutatsegula botolo ndilabwino osaposa mwezi umodzi.
Wopanga
Gentamicin mu mawonekedwe a jakisoni amatulutsa:
- Russia
- Belarus
- Turkmenistan
- Uzbekistan
Gentamicin mu mawonekedwe a mafuta ndi madontho amaso amapangidwa ku Belarus, mu mawonekedwe a aerosol - Bulgaria.
Ndemanga pa Gentamicin Sulfate
Maria, wazaka 25, Voronezh: "Masabata angapo apitawa, china chake chinagwera m'maso. Kwa tsiku limodzi, diso linapsa, kutupa (pafupifupi kutsekedwa) ndipo kupweteka kosaletseka kunapezeka. Dotolo adalangiza Gentamicin m'matumbo. Ndidayenda molingana ndi malangizo 4 pa tsiku. tsiku lililonse, ndipo lachitatu - Zizindikiro zina zinadutsa, koma ndinayamwa masiku onse 7. "
Vladimir, wazaka 40, Kursk: "Ndawotcha mkono wanga kuntchito. Madzulo dzuwa linatuluka, ndipo patangodutsa masiku ochepa chilondacho chinayamba kuphuka ndipo zinali zopweteka kwambiri. Anandilangiza kuti nditenge mankhwala a Gentamicin aerosol mu mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndikuwatsata malinga ndi malangizowo, ndikuphimba ndi bandeji kuchokera pamwamba. Zotsatira zake zimakhala zabwino - patatha masiku awiri chilondacho chinachepa ndipo anayamba kuchira. "
Andrei, wazaka 38, ku Moscow: "Chaka chatha ndidadwala chibayo. Sindinayambe kulandira chithandizo nthawi yomweyo, pomwe nditafika kuchipatala matendawa adayamba chifukwa cha kutentha kwambiri komanso chifuwa chachikulu. Gentamicin adalembedwa. Iwo adalandira jekeseni kanayi patsiku. Patatha sabata limodzi adasintha kwambiri . Ndipo patatha mwezi umodzi ndidachotsedwa ntchito. "
